内染机 key words - power 2012

1、KEY WORDS (1)heat engine热机External Combustion engine (EC engine)外燃机Internal Combustion engine (IC engine)内燃机Fuel燃料Furnace锅炉heat exchanger换热器Steam蒸汽cylinder & piston气缸及活塞Turbine涡轮oxidizing氧化reciprocating IC engine往复式内燃机turbomachine涡轮机gas turbine燃气轮机power动力，功率power density功率密度fuel economy燃油经济性reli

2、ability可靠性pollution污染harmful emissions有害排放noise and vibration噪声和振动thermal efficiency热效率power/weight ratio功率/重量比vehicle车辆marine vessel舰船ambient环境atmospheric大气的rotation speed发动机转数injection pump喷油泵turbocharger增压器Common Rail injection system共轨喷射系统KEY WORDS (2)reciprocating IC engine往复式内燃机turbomachine涡轮机

3、diesel engine柴油机gasoline engine汽油机gas engine气体燃料内燃机Compression Ignition engine (CI)压燃机Spark Ignition engine (SI)点燃机Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine直喷式汽油机Gasoline Port Injection (PFI) engine进气口喷射汽油机inline engine直列式内燃机V engineV型radial engine星形opposed engine对置活塞式naturally aspirated engine自然吸气式内燃机

4、supercharged engine增压内燃机turbocharged engine涡轮增压内燃机open chamber开式燃烧室divided chamber分割式燃烧室Direct Injection (DI)直接喷射In-Direct Injection (IDI)间接喷射NOx Nitrogen Oxidation氮氧化物CO Carbon Monoxide一氧化碳HC Hydrocarbon碳氢化合物PM Particulate Matter微粒Methanol甲醇Ethanol乙醇Methane甲烷LNG Liquefied Natural Gas液化天然气LPG Liquef

5、ied Petroleum Gas液化石油气DME Dimethyl Ether二甲基醚piston活塞connecting rod连杆crankshaft曲轴cylinder气缸liner气缸套cylinder sleeve气缸套cylinder head气缸盖intake valve进气阀exhaust valve排气阀combustion chamber燃烧室KEY WORDS (3)Top Dead Center (TDC)上止点Bottom Dead Center (BDC)下止点Stroke (ss冲程cylinder Bore气缸直径displacement volume (Vs

6、)气缸工作容积clearance volume (Vc)气缸余隙容积total cylinder volume (Va)气缸总容积compression ratio 压缩比intake, compression, combustion, exhaust,进气，压缩，燃烧，排气fuel-air mixture燃空混合气premixed combustion预混合燃烧mixing-controlled combustion扩散燃烧thermal efficiency热效率rotation speed转速intake/exhaust port进气口blower鼓风机（扫气泵）scavenging p

7、rocess扫气过程residual gas fraction残余废气系数KEY WORDS (4)engine block机体cylinder head气缸盖cylinder head cover气缸盖罩cylinder gasket气缸垫crankcase机座oil pan油底壳intake/exhaust manifold进/排气歧管weld焊接forge锻造cast铸造KEY WORDS (5)strength强度stiffness刚度heat dissipation散热thermal expansion热膨胀piston head活塞头部piston skirt活塞裙部nodular

8、 cast iron, steel, aluminum球墨铸铁，钢，铝lubrication润滑integral cast piston整体铸造活塞composite piston组合式活塞cross head十字头side thrust侧推力unit load单位负荷inertia load惯性力sliding member滑块circulation循环shaker振荡spray喷溅（冷却）tin planting镀锡chrome planting镀铬anodizing阳极氧化knurl滚压KEY WORDS (6)piston ring活塞环compression/oil ring气环/油

9、环lubricating oil film润滑油膜piston pin活塞销fixed pin固定式活塞销semi/full-floating pin半/全浮式活塞销connecting rod连杆small/big end连杆小/大端rod body连杆体cap（连杆）大端盖straight/oblique split直/斜切口forked and blade rod叉形连杆articulated rod关节式连杆crankshaft曲轴main bearing journal主轴颈connecting rod journal连杆轴颈crank arm曲臂flywheel飞轮fire ord

10、ering发火顺序balance weight平衡重crank throw曲拐centrifugal force离心力KEY WORDS (7)valve train配气机构intake/exhaust valve进/排气阀charge进气充量camshaft凸轮轴pushrod挺柱（挺杆）rocker arm摇臂valve spring气阀弹簧valve气阀overhead camshaft顶置凸轮轴cam-in-block中/底置凸轮轴lobe凸轮valve flutter气阀跳动spring dampers弹簧阻尼器valve stem气阀杆alloy steel合金钢valve sea

11、t气阀座stellite steel硬合金（钨铬钴合金）vanadium steel钒钢interference fit过盈配合over load超负荷uniform/nonuniform均匀/不均匀blowby串气KEY WORDS (8)valve rotator气阀旋转器intake and exhaust system进排气系统turbocharging system涡轮增压系统intake pressure进气压力ambient pressure环境压力atmospheric pressure大气压力turbine排气涡轮Charger压气机Exhaust Gas Recircula

12、tion (EGR)废气再循环intercooler中冷器air filter空气滤清器inlet/outlet进口/出口pipe/manifold管/歧管（支管）Aftertreatment后处理器Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)柴油机氧化催化还原deNOxNOx后处理器Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR)选择性催化还原NOx adsorberNOx吸附Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)柴油机微粒捕集器muffler消声器three-way catalyst三元催化器KEY WORDS (9)diese

13、l fuel injection system柴油机燃油喷射系统load/speed负荷/转速fuel-air mixture formation燃空混合气形成efficiency效率injection pump喷油泵high pressure line高压油管fuel injector喷油器atomize雾化droplet液滴plunger油泵柱塞common rail fuel injection system共轨喷射系统unit injector泵喷嘴solenoid valve电磁阀gasoline engine fuel supply system汽油机燃油喷射系统homogeneo

14、us/stratified charge均质/分层混合气Single Point Injection (SPI)单点喷射Multi Point Injection (MPI)多点喷射Port Fuel Injection (PFI)进气口喷射in-cylinder injection (GDI, FSI, etc.)缸内直接喷射KEY WORDS (10)carburetor化油器venturi throat文丘里管喉口Electronic Control Unit (ECU)控制单元throttle节气门oxygen concentration氧气浓度coolant冷却介质volumetri

15、c efficiency充量系数stoichiomitric combustion化学当量比燃烧lean/rich mixture稀/浓混合气spark ignition system火花点火系统electric discharge放电spark plugs火花塞ignition coil点火线圈distributor分电器battery电池voltage电压primary/secondary coil主/副线圈turn匝数magnetic field磁场KEY WORDS (11)cooling system冷却系统heat balance热平衡thermal distortion, crack热变形，裂纹thermal stress热应力water/air cooling水冷/空冷open/closed cooling system开/闭式冷却系统thermostat节温器（温度自动调节器）radiator散热器c