TerminologyforFirePropertiesofCables电缆耐火性能术语PPT课件

1、 Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Helkama Bica Shanghai赫科玛电缆（上海）有限公司Terminology for Fire Properties of Cables电缆耐火性能术语电缆耐火性能术语 Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Terminology for Fire Properties 耐火性能术语耐火性能术语 Flame-retardant 滞燃滞燃 Halogen-free 无卤无卤 Smoke emission

2、烟雾散发烟雾散发 Fire-resistant 阻燃阻燃 Regulations 规则规则 Conclusion 总结总结Contents目录目录 Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Do not spread fire Are self-extinguishing Withstand the tests specified in standards IEC 60332-1-2 (the test for single insulated wire or cable) IEC 60332-3-22 (the test fo

3、r bunched wires and cables)Flame-retardant Cables滞燃电缆滞燃电缆 Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Standard series IEC 60332-1-x IEC 60332-1-x 标准标准 The test for single insulated wire or cable The requirement for passing the test is that minimum 50 mm of the cable, measured from the uppe

4、r support, must remain unburned after the specified time Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Standard series IEC 60332-3-xx IEC 60332-3-xx 标准标准 The test for bunched wires and cables The test has three categories A, B and C (A=7 l/m, B=3,5 l/m, C=1,5 l/m) The requirement for passing

5、 the test is that after the burner has been removed the cables must extinguish themselves Additionally, burning may not occur more than 2,5 m from the burner Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA About Flame-retardant Cables阻燃电缆阻燃电缆 PVC is a common material used in flame-retardant ca

6、bles. Popularity of PVC is based on its lower price compared to the other alternatives. Flame-retardant refers to the properties of cable design. Even if using the same material, one cable structure might fulfill the standard, another not. Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Haloge

7、n-free无卤无卤 Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Halogen-free, Technical Specification无卤，技术规格无卤，技术规格 Halogen-free is determined on the basis of halogen content and the acidity of gases of a cable. Standard IEC 60754-1 determines the halogen content of the material. To meet the requir

8、ement as halogen-free the halogen content of the material may not exceed 0,5% or 5 mg/g. Standard IEC 60754-2 determines the degree of acidity of gases evolved during combustion. The limit values are 4,3 for pH and 10S for conductivity. 。 Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Halogen

9、-free, Practical Matters无卤，案例无卤，案例 For example, PVC is emitting chlorine, Cl, during fire. Chlorine in contact with water or moisture, H2O, is resulting acid, HCl. Hydrochloric acid HCl is harmfull for human beings in direct contact or when healing the fumes! Additionally, HCl is resulting corrosion

10、 of materials Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Halogen-free, Practical MattersExamples of Corrosion after Fire无卤，案例无卤，案例 AEG factory, 7 kg PVC burnt, damage of DM 50 million assessed. Hamburg-Altona Railway Station, fire April 1980, DM 230 000 fire damage finally assessed at DM

11、5,5 million as result of corrosive fumes from plastics. Source: ”Development of a non-corrosive wire insulation in Noryl. Text of presentation made on The Netherlands PTT at Bergen op zoom on 25 June 1982” by General Electric Plastics B.V. Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Smoke

12、Emission烟雾散发烟雾散发 Low smoke emission is essential when considering escaping and fire-fighting during fire. In practice, one should see the exit in order to survive. Smoke includes toxic gases for human beings. Additionally, smoke results dirty. Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Sm

13、oke Emission烟雾散发烟雾散发 Smoke emission refers to visibility in fire. Standard IEC 61034-1 test method Standard IEC 61034-2 test requirements When testing smoke emission of the cable according to above mentioned standards, the light transmittance must be min. 60% 27M3 立方体熏烟室立方体熏烟室27m cube smoke chamber

14、Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Smoke Emission, Practical Matters烟雾散发，案例烟雾散发，案例 Polyolefins PE and PP and special compounds based on them are solutions for low-smoke emission. PVC and rubber compounds result a lot of black smoke when burning. Terminology for Fire Properties of

15、22.11.2006 HELKAMA Fire-resistant阻燃阻燃 Fire-resistance cable maintains its functionality in fire. To be classified as fire-resistant according to the standard IEC 60331-21, the cable must operate for a minimum of 90 minutes while the burner is directed towards the cable as shown below, temperature 75

16、0 C. Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Fire-resistant, Practical Matters阻燃电缆，案例阻燃电缆，案例 Fire-resistant cable is the ”highest grade” of cables. Fire-resistant refers to the properties of cable design. Mineral tape around the conductor is often used as a final barrier to short-cut b

17、etween conductors during fire. High-frequency transmission requires extreme symmetry of copper cable structure. Fire-resistant CAT cables might fullfill the short-cut requirement during fire. However, the structure of the cable changes when burning which might affect the data transmission properties

18、. Well-structured fire-resistant optical fibre cable is a good solution for data transmision in these extreme conditions. Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Fire-resistant, Example of Real Life阻燃电缆，真实案例阻燃电缆，真实案例 Automatic dry extinguishing system of the conveyor belt in a Finnish

19、paper mill did not function during fire. The alarm signal was missing, because the fire had burned the control cable. Fire-resistant cable would have maintained its properties during fire. Terminology for Fire Properties of 22.11.2006 HELKAMA Regulations 法规法规 Official regulations concerning the usag

20、e of cables with different fire properties are ”under development”. The decision-maker taking responsibility does not only fulfill the regulations. He or she takes care of environment and surrounding society. The responsible decision-maker chooses the ”right cable” to its place. It is important to be sure that the cable is fulfilling its required performance specification. Terminology for Fire