2017北京中考英语复习三年命题规律总结动词中考精炼试题人教版1

1、专题六动词时态?北京2。区一2。历年中考命题规律总结勺动词时态是与动词相关的考点，在北京市历届中考语法试题中所占的比例都是各项知识点中最高的。在一套试卷的 10个单项选择题中，至少有 3个题是直接测试时态的，至少有 2个题是将时态和语态以及（宾语从句的）语序结合起来进行测试的。由此可见，掌握动词的时态有多么重要！2014年2016年北京市中考有关动词时态的测试考点分析:2014 年2015 年2016 年1. 一般现在时2. 过去进行时3. 现在完成时4. 一般将来时的被动语态5. 一般将来时+宾语从句语序1 .现在进行时2 .现在完成时3 . 一般过去时的被动语态4 . 一般将来时+宾语从句

2、语序1. 一般过去时2. 现在进行时3. 现在完成时4. 一般将来时的被动语态5. 一般现在时+宾语从句语序尽管近几年北京市中考题中语法专项题目的个数在减少，但是对于时态的测试始终没有 减少，甚至在2016年北京市中考题中考查动词时态的题目在整套试题的语法测试题目中所占 的比例还在增加，高达 50%!可以说，动词时态是这些年教育考试院认为的核心语法思路北京市中考说明对于动词时态的掌握做了如下要求：1 .熟练掌握动词的五种基本形式：动词原形、第三人称单数现在式、现在分词、过去式 和过去分词。2 .熟练掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、现在进行时、过去进行时的构成和基本用法。3

3、.理解过去将来时、过去完成时的构成和基本用法。4 .熟练掌握系动词 be的用法。5 .掌握一般现在时、 一般过去时、一般将来时和带有 can, may, must等情态动词的被动语 态的构成和基本用法。近几年来，在中考题中，一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将 来时和过去进行时是作为考点和答案项出现的，而过去完成时和过去将来时只作为干扰项出现。在试题命制时，命题人主要从语境提示和时态标志词入手，或通过呈现一组对话来展示 语境，学生必须通过阅读对话，体会并判断语境来确定正确的时态，这种情况常常出现在对 于现在进行时的测试中；或者是通过一句陈述语，加上时态标志词，提示学生来选择正

4、确的 时态，比如对于现在完成时的测试往往是这样。在中考试题命制时，命题人主要从语境提示和时态标志词入手，因此，考生在学习和掌握时态时，应该从时态的功能出发，结合时态名称、定义、谓语动词结构（形式，态”）以及时态标志词（时”）来理解，亦可将初中阶段学习的八种时态组合成四对来进行对比分析，从 而形成良好的知识结构框架。时态定义时态标志词 （时）动词形式 （态）例句功能特殊用法 或易错点要求一般现 在时1.目前的 状态2.目前习 惯动作usually, often, always 等am/is/are,动 词原形或三单He is fine.I often walk to school.描述目 前状态

5、 描述习 惯、爱好 等将两种结构 混用到一起熟练掌握一般过 去时1 .过去的 状态2 .过去的 动作或习 惯行为yesterday,. ago,last(week) .was/were , 动词过去式He was fine. He walked there last week.描述过 去状态 描述经 历，讲故 事等将两种结构 混用到一起熟练 掌握现在进 行时此刻正在 进行的行 为now, Look!Listen!等am/is/are+v.-ingI am reading now.描述目 前行为、 画面等忘记加am/is/are熟练 掌握过去进 行时过去某一 具体时刻 的行为at this ti

6、me yesterday, when+ 一般过 去时从句was/were+v.-ingI was reading at thistimeyesterday.描述当 时画面 或具体 行为忘记加was/were熟练掌握一般将 来时目前将要 发生的行 为tomorrow, next week, in the future.will+v.shall+v.am/is/aregoing to+v.I will read the book next week.描述计 划、打算 等忘记加am/is/are熟练 掌握过去将 来时从过去某 个时间看， 将要发生 的行为（无明显时 态标志词）would + v. s

7、hould + v. was/were going to + v.He said he wouldwalkthere.在过去 描述未 来的计 划和打 算理解现在完 成时到目前为 止某动作 持续了多 久；过去的 动作对现 在的影响for+ 一段时间，since. ,already, yet,just,never, ever 等have+v. -edhas+v. -edI have learned English for 10 years.描述经 历等将动词过去 式与过去分 词混淆熟练掌握过去完 成时到过去某 时为止某 动作持续 了多久（无明显时 态标志词）had+v. -edBy 2009 I

8、had already lived there for 10 years.将动词过去 式与过去分 词混淆理解从上表可以看出，一般现在时 &一般过去时，现在进行时 &过去进行时，一般将来时 &过 去将来时，现在完成时 &过去完成时，这四对时态可以进行比较理解和记忆。在解单项选择中的时态题目时，可以依据时态标志词或者语境提示，来选择相应的时态 和时态结构。e 2016年真题训练31. （2016 北京）Where did you go last weekend?I to the Great Wall.A. goSSBB. wentC. will goD. have

9、gone2. （2016 北京）It ' s nice to see you again. We each other since 2014.A. won ' t seeB. don ' t seeC. haven ' t seen D. didn ' t seeSSc3. （2016 北京）Please don ' t make so much noise. The babyA. sleepsB. sleptC. will sleepSSd4. （2015 W匕京）Mum, where is Dad? He flowers in the gar

10、den now.A. plantedB. plantsC. will plantSSD5. （2015 北京）My grandparents in that city since 2008.A. will liveB. liveC. have lived2Sc6. （2014 北京）一What do you often do at weekends?-I often my grandparents.A. visitB. visitedC. have visitedSSanow.D. is sleepingD. is plantingD. were livingD. will visit7. （

11、2014 W匕京） What were you doing when we were playing basketball yesterday afternoon? Ithe classroom.A. was cleaningB. have cleanedC. will cleanD. cleanESA8. （2014 北京）He in this factory for 20 years already.A. will workB. worksC. has worked D. is working2Sc* 2。% 2。7 G年中考模揪题分组训练勺A组1. （2016 石景山一模） 一What

12、are you doing, Sam? I the house for my uncle.A. am paintingB. paintedC. paintD. will paintA2. （2016 西城一模） 一Do you know Mr. Smith?Yes. I him since 2008.A. knowB. knewC. have knownD. will know2Sc3. （2016 海淀一模）I Beijing Opera since I was five years old.D. have learnedA. learnB. learnedC. will learn4. （

13、2014西城一模）SSD Did you see the film last night? No, I some shopping at that time.A. am doingC. didB. was doingD. will doZSb5. （2014西城一模）A. wentWhen I was a boy, I often to play in that park.B. have goneC. goC. will go黄驾A6. （2014东城一模）A.sendSSC7. （2014东城一模）A. writesI you a copy of the report as soon as

14、I find it.B. sentC. will sendD. have sentMy uncle is a writer. He many books since he was young.B. wroteC. is writingD. has writtenSSd8. （2014海法-模）A. learnsGina a lot since she joined the club.B. learnedC. will learnD. has learnedZSd9. （2014海法-模）A. slept5sdBe quiet!Your little brother in the bedroom

15、 now.B. sleepsC. will sleepD. is sleeping10. （2014 朝阳一模）A. hadWe breakfast when the phone rang.B. were havingC. are havingD. haveSSBB组1. （2015东城一模） Jack, where is Tom?He in the library.A. readsB. readC. was readingD. is reading2驾D2. （2015东城一模）A. useI this mobile phone for five years. I want to buy a

16、 new one.B. usedC. have usedD. will use2L蚓c3. （2015西城一模）Where were you when I called you yesterday afternoon?a movie in the cinema.A. was seeingSSaB. seeC. have seenD. will see4. （2014朝阳一模）A. takesMy grandpa a walk after supper every day.B. tookC. will takeD. has taken黄盍A5. （2014西城二模）A. criesThe lit

17、tle boy quietly when his mother entered his bedroom.B. was cryingC. is cryingD. criedB6. （2014丰台一模）Where is Miss Lee?She a meeting at the office now.A. is havingB. hadC. hasD. will haveSSA7. （2014丰台一模）Many foreigners to visit Beijing every year.A. comeB. cameSSa8. （2014 丰台一模）Mr Brown A. worksC. come

18、sD. will comein this factory since he was 24 years old.B. workedC. will workSSDD. has worked9. （2014 通州一模） 一Why are you late, Dad?-I met a friend and wein the street for a while.A. talkB. are talkingC. talkedD. will talkSSc10. （2014 通州一模） When I got home, my parents for me at the table.A. waitB. wai

19、tedC. were waitingEScD. have waited冬鹿创新题模拟测试电1. He is very good at English. He it since he was 5.A. learnB. will learnC. is learningD. has learnedSSd2. Please turn down the TV. Dad on the telephone now.A. talksB. is talkingC. talkedSSb3. What do you usually do on Sundays?I usually basketball with my

20、 friends.A. playB. playsC. playedSSA4. What did you do yesterday?I a party with my friends in the park.A. haveB. hadC. have hadSSB5. - What' s your plan for the coming holiday?I on a trip with my classmates.A. goB. wentC. have goneSSD6. He too much, so he didn ' t feel very well.A. ateB. eat

21、sC. will eatA 7. Tom ' s uncle in Beijing since last week.A. worksB. workedC. is workingSSD8. He his clothes at this time yesterday.A. washedB. was washingC. washesD. was talkingD. have playedD. was havingD. will goD. is eatingD. has workedD. is washing2sB9. We went boating yesterday and weA. ha

22、veZSbB. hada good time.C. are havingD. was having10. Oh, I left my schoolbag in your house.- Don' t worry. IA. take2sBit to school tomorrow.B. will takeC. tookD. were taking二情态动词本北京20142076年中考命题规律总结情态动词是每年中考必考考点之一。这个语言点在近几年的中考题中考得比较简单，主要涉及can和must以及need的用法，因常考问话人用 Can开头提问、答话人用 can来回答, 有人戏称这种考法为

23、看（can）来看（can）去”。2014年2016年北京市英语中考 单项选择”题型中所测试的情态动词的内容：2014 年2015 年2016 年must-needn' tcan-can未考，但对情态动词的考查还会出现在阅读理尽管在单项选择中对情态动词的考查内容不多 解、完形填空以及书面表达试题中。北京市中考说明 对于情态动词的要求是： 掌握情态动词白基本用法 ，如：can, may, must, need 等。在题目命制时，命题人提供了具体、生动的语境，充分体现了情态动词考查语用化的趋 势，注重考查学生在语境中对相关知识的运用能力。横瞋思路情态动词是表达能力、义务、必要性、猜测等功能，

24、含有一定情感色彩的助动词，它本 身具有含义，但是在句中不能单独用作谓语，需要与实义动词一起构成谓语。有些情态动词 具有多个含义，用于不同句式时又有不同用法，常常是在肯定句式时用这个，而在否定句式 时则需要用那个，用于疑问句式时还有不同回答，使得学生在学习和掌握时出现了很多意想 不到的问题。比如：can有何以"的意思，相对应的功能是表示许可，但是在否定回答表强烈语气时可以用 can'或mustn' ,t而can'又可以作 不可能“讲，用于对 must表示推测时的否 定。同时，can还具有 可能”的含义，相对应的功能是表示推测。can的第三种含义是 能够”,相对应

25、的功能是表示能力。通常地，学生在学习情态动词时，应该从词义出发，理解其相应的功能，并在例句和所 体现的语境中体会其中的语气，这样才能比较准确地掌握它们的用法。下面以情态动词 can、may和must为例，来说明如何理解和掌握情态动词的用法：may。例如:1. can有三种含义和功能，语气有时适中，有时强烈。（1）可以”，表示许可，语气适中，相当于't/mustn ' t.Can I have some more apples, Mum?-Yes,you can. / No, you can我可以再吃一些苹果吗，妈妈？是的，你可以。/不，你不能/不准。(2)能够，会”，表示能力，

26、语气适中。例如：Can you swim?Yes, I can. / No, I can' t.你会游泳吗？是的，我会。/不，我不会。(3) “(不)可能”，表示推测，常用于对 must表示推测的否定，语气强烈。例如：-Look!That boy over there must be Tom because he is as tall and thin as Tom. It can ' t be Tom. Tom has gone to America.看！那边那个男孩一定是汤姆，因为他和汤姆一样高、一样瘦。不可能是汤姆！汤姆去美国了。2. may有两种含义和功能，语气适中。(

27、1)可以”，表示请求或许可，语气较委婉，相当于can。但是在进行否定回答时通常不用 may not,因为 may not过于正式。例如：May/Can I have some more apples, Mum?Yes, you may/can. /No, you can' t/mustn ' t.我可以再吃一些苹果吗，妈妈？是的，你可以。/不，你不能/不准。(2)可能”，在肯定句中表示推测，其肯定语气弱于must。例如：You may ask Mr. Lee. He may know what you want to learn.你可以问问李老师。他可能知道你想学的东西。3.

28、must有两种含义和功能，语气比较强烈。(1)必须”，表示必要性，语气强烈，肯定回答时用 must,但是否定回答时常用 needn',t 因为mustn'的语气过于强烈，常用于规章制度、令行禁止等。例如：a. Must I finish my homework before dinner, Mum?Yes, you must. / No, you needn ' t. You can finish it after dinner.我必须在晚饭前完成家庭作业吗，妈妈？是的，你必须完成。/不，不必。你可以在晚饭后完成作业。b. Can I park my car here,

29、 sir? No, you mustn ' t. You must park it over there.我可以把车停在这儿吗，先生？不，不行。你必须停在那边。(2)'定"，用在肯定句中表示推测，肯定的语气很强，但是否定回答时要用can'°t具体例句参加can词条(3)。综上所述，学生需要从词义出发，结合功能和语气，在具体语境中去理解、记忆情态动 词，这样才能够学得更加扎实。在做题时，学生可以细读题干(通常是对话)，体会其中语境和语气，判断功能，将所学的有关情态动词的例句所体现的语境和该题题干进行对比，然后选择相类似的语境，最后确 定合适的情态动词。

30、Q 201(4 2。亿年真题训练¥1. (2015 北京)Jack, you ride a bike?Yes, I can.A. canB. mayC. needD.must篁Sa2. （2014 W匕京）Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith?No, you .A. can ' tB. shouldn ' tC. wouldn ' tD.needn ' tSSD3. （2014 北京）一 you sing an English song?Yes, I can.A. CanB. MayC. MustD.Nee

31、dSSA4. （2015 上海） Mum, must I wash the dishes right now?No, you .A. shouldn ' tB. wouldn ' tC. mustn ' tD.needn ' tZSd5. （2016 山东）一Can you ride a horse?No, I .A. needn ' tB. may notC. can ' tD.mustn ' tsstgz。4 zoiG年中考模拟蹈分组训冻奔¥1. （2016山一模） 一 I have a look at your dicti

32、onary? Of course you can. Here you are.A. NeedB. CanC. MustD.ShouldZSb2. （2016 海模） Must I hand in my paper now, Mr. Jones? No, you . You can hand it in tomorrow.A. needn ' tB. wouldn ' tC. can ' tD.shouldn ' tSSA3. （2016 西城一模）一Mum, can I watch TV now? No. You tidy your room first.A.

33、canB. mayC. mustD.couldSSc4. （2015山一模） Can he jump high?Yes, he. He is a good high jumper.A. canB. needC. mustD. shallESa5. （2015 顺义一模）一May I watch TV now, Mum? No, you . You ' ve got a lot of homework to do.A. won ' tB. mustn ' tC. shouldn ' tD.needn ' tB6. （2015 东城一模）一Must I fi

34、nish the work today? No, youA. can ' tB. needn ' tC. mustn ' tD. shouldn7. （2015 西城一模） 一Must I leave the reading room before 5 o ' clock?No, you .,You can stay here until 5:30.A. can ' tB. needn ' tC. mustn ' tD. shouldn ' tSSb8. （2015朝阳一模） May I put my car here, plea

35、se?No, you .,Put it over there, please.A. mustn ' tB. needn ' tC. shouldn ' tD. wouldn ' t2sA9. （2015丰台一模） Can you speak French?No, I .A. can ' tB. needn ' tC. mustn ' tD. shouldn ' tSSa10. （2015 昌平一模） May I go to play basketball with Jim now? No, you . You ' ve g

36、ot so much homework to do.A. mustn ' tB. needn ' tC. shouldn ' tD. wouldn ' tSSA事原创新题横拟测试31. 一 Can I park my car here?-No, you . Look at the signA. shouldn ' tB. mustn ' tZSbNo parkingC. couldn2. Must I read the book here, in the reading room?Yes, you A. maySSDB. canC. need3.

37、 Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Tom?It be him. He has gone to the Great Wall.A. can ' tB. may notC. mustnSSA4. you say it again?I didn ' t hearlyou clearA. CanB. MustC. MayA5. May I play football here, Mum? No, you play football in the busy street. ItA. wouldn ' tB. mustn ' t

38、C. neednSSB6. These people are good runners. They run very fast.A. mustB. canC. couldSSBtD.needn ' tD.musttD.needn ' tD.Need's too dangerous!tD. couldn ' tD.should7. Guess what?Our team won the school football match.Congratulations!You be very proud.A. canB. mustC. wouldSSb8. Can you

39、 translate the article into Chinese?Yes, I .A. canB. mustC. wouldSSA9. 一 Must I water the flowers every day?No, you . You can water them every two days.A. can ' tB. mustn ' tC. shouldnSSD10. Must I answer the question in English? No, you . You can answer it in Chinese.A. can ' tB. needn

40、' tC. shouldnSSbD. shouldD. shouldt D.needn ' tt D. mustn ' t三被动语态/北京2。地一2。16年中考命题规律总结?动词的被动语态是中考必考内容之一，它通常和一些常见时态结合起来被测试，主要考 查的是一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态，包含情态 动词的被动语态以及现在完成时的被动语态在北京市各区县的模拟题中偶尔会出现。以下是2014年2016年北京市中考对于被动语态的考查内容:2014 年2015 年2016 年一般将来时+被动语态一般过去时+被动语态一般将来时+被动语态思路北京市中

41、考说明对于被动语态的要求是：掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和带有can, may, must等情态动词的被动语态的构成和基本用法。在题目命制时，命题人提供了具体时态标志词和具体的语境，充分体现了动词的被动语 态考查语用化的趋势，注重考查学生在语境中对相关知识的运用能力。思路一动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态结构由“be +过去分词”构成。前面提到，中考对于动词的被动语态的考查一般涉及一般现在时、一般过去时以及一般将来时，因此，对于相关的时态的掌握和判断就显得 十分重要。以下是动词的被动语态的基本构成:时态构成例句

42、一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Today computers are usedeverywhere.一般过去时was/were+过去分词The old man was sent to hospital immediately after the car accident.一般将来时will/shall be+ 过去分词A new road will be built next year.含情态动词can/must/may. + be+过去分词Books mustn ' t be taken out of the reading room.通常情况下，在单项选择的四个选项中会出现

43、两个不同时态的主动语态的选项、两个和 前面类似或者相同时态的被动语态的选项。在解题时，学生可以选择从时态出发，排除两个 选项，也可以选择从语态出发，排除两个选项，再依据另一个角度，排除第三个干扰项。亳2O7&-2。亿年真题训练1. （2016 北京）A new roadA. buildsSSdB. will buildnear my school next year.C. is builtD. will be built2. （2015 北京）These carsin China in 2013.A. are madeB. were madeC. makeESbD. made3. （2

44、014 北京）A. buildsSSIdA new hospital B. builtin my town next year.C. is builtD. will be built4. （2015 山东）FlowersA. plantSSDB. plantedalong the road last year.C. are plantedD. were planted5. （2014 上海）Today, computers are really helpful. TheyA. useSSbB. are usedC. usedeverywhere.D. were used6. （2015 苏州）

45、A. are causedBMany accidents by careless drivers last year.B. were causedC. have caused D. will cause事2。也一201G年中考模拟题分组训练；1. （2016 石景山一模）The 24th Winter Olympic GamesA. holdsB. will holdC. were heldin Beijing in 2022.D. will be held2. （2016西城一模）On March 15 , 2016, Lee Se-dolA. beat 室CB. beats by Goog

46、le ，C. was beatens Al in the final match.D. is beaten3. （2016朝阳一模）More and more treesin Beijing every year.A. plantSSCB. plantedC. are plantedD. were planted4. （2014东城一模）The park gatesat 10:00 every evening.A. lockB. lockedC. are locked室cD. were locked5. （2015 门头沟一模）The famous towermore than 300 yea

47、rs ago.A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was builtSSD6. （2015海法-模）Lots of lessons on the Internet these days.A. giveB. are givenC. gaveD. were givenSSb7. （2015丰台一模）Lots of trees along the streets last year.A. plantB. are plantedC. plantedD. were plantedSSD8. （2015石景山一模）Helen to a language school when s

48、he was 7.A. sentB. is sentC. was sentD. will sendSSC9. （2015顺义一模）A big shopping centre in Shunyi last year.A. builtB. was builtC. will buildD. will be built篁Sb10. （2015 通州一模）The Olympic Games every four years.A. are heldB. were heldC. holdD. heldSSa1. （2015东城一模）B组What a beautiful picture!Thank you.

49、It when I travelled in Paris last year.A. takesB. tookC. is takenD. was takenSSD2. （2015西城一模）The 7th Women ' s Football World Cup in Canada in 2015.A. was heldB. heldC. holdD. is heldSSa3. （2015朝阳一模）My sister to the party yesterday. She had a good time thereA. invitesB. invitedC. was invitedD. i

50、s invitedSSC4. （2014海淀二模）The iPad in 2010. And it is very popular now.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was inventedSSD5. （2014西城一模）His car very well in this car-washing centre yesterday.A. cleansB. cleanedC. was cleanedD. is cleanedC6. （2015怀柔一模）A big shopping centre in our town next year.A. is

51、 builtB. was builtC. will buildD. will be built篁Sd7. （2015平谷一模）Now computers in many ways in our life.A. useB. are usedC. usedD. were usedSSB8. （2015房山一模）More green parks in my hometown in the future.A. buildB. are builtC. will be builtD. will buildSSC9. （2015 大兴一模） Many children in Britain to have

52、their own bank cards these days.A. allowB. allowedC. are allowedD. were allowedSSc10. （2015 东城二模）Lily is a tidy girl. Her room clean all the time.A. keptB. was keptC. is keptD. keepingSSc一原创新题模测试91. Computers are helpful. They in many schools in Beijing.A. useB. are usedC. usedD. were usedSSb2. The

53、workers are working very hard on the new hospital now. It next year.A. is usedB. useC. will be usedD. will useESc3. Many traffic accidents by careless driving every year.A. are causedB. were causedC. have causedD. will causeSSa4. All the pens in the shop two hours ago.A. sell outB. were sold outC. a

54、re sold outD. will sell out2sB5. Jim to a sports school when he was very young.A. sendsB. is sentC. sentD. was sentSSd6. The computer away from his home last night.A. tookB. is takenC. takesD. was taken2SD7. A lot of parks in Beijing last year.A. buildB. builtC. are builtD. were builtSSD8. Our teacher always says mistakes should in time.A. corr