2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练17含解析

1、2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺满分训练（17）阅读理解Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight.A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the

2、 dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasn t all sweetness and lig

3、ht. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while

4、 a dog doing the same signals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are lea rning how to talk each other s language. It isasurprisethatcats can learn how to talk dog , and dogs can learn how to talk Cat.What s interesting is that b

5、oth cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other s body signals,suggestingthatthe two may have more in commonthan we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other

6、 nose to nose, and enjoy sl eeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom ( 梳理)each other.The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets-to people who don t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world super

7、powers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance. ()1. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .A. earlyB. sweetlyC. quicklyD. smoothly()2. Some cats and dogs may fight when.A. they are cold to each otherB. they look away from each othe

8、rC. they misunderstood each other s signals D. they are introduced at an early age()3. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?A. They eat and sleep each other.B. They observe each other s behaviors.C. They learn to speak each other s language.D. They know something from each other s voices.()4

9、. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs. A. have common interestsB. are less different than was thoughtC. have a common body languageD. are less intelligent than was expected()5. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?A. We should learn to live in harmony.B. We should know mor

10、e about animals.C. We should live in peace with animals.D. We should learn more body languages.这是一篇说明文，通过对猫狗和平相处的研究，让我们知道，人类应该和谐相处。1. D 词意猜测题。根据 A recent research has found a new recipe of success.” 以及“Two-thirds of the homesinterviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. ”不难

11、得出，此处应该是说猫和狗相处得很好，所以选 D,意为“流畅地，顺利 地”。此题易错选 B,因为第二段第一句话中sweet,但是“sweetness and light 意为其乐融融”。2. C 细节理解题，根据第二段“ One reason for this is probably that some of theirbody signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat tu rns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals subm

12、ission” 不难得出答案。3. C 细节理解题，根据第三段“They are learning how to talk each other s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talkdog , and dogs can learn how totalk Cat.不难得出答案，此题易错选B,因为理解错了这句话researchers observeda surprising behavior. ”4. B细节理解题 此处的suggest意为暗示，根据第四段suggesting that the two may ha

13、ve more in common than we previously suspected. ” 可以得出答案。5. A主旨大意题根据全文尤其是最后一段不难得出答案阅读理解课堂练学案(5)Passage Eleven (Superconducting Materials)The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So whatto call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superst

14、uff. Material science - once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new, p ractical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be

15、 made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.The key to the new materials is researchers increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, have long been li

16、mited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel.A firm called Kyocera has created a line of cera

17、mic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric gu

18、itars, touch sensors forrobot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Evenplastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rin

19、gs for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight.Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass.Besides, composites plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds - made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and haveeven been

20、provedin combat: a helmet s aved an infantryman s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.Someadvanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is

21、clearer than a standard window pane.But new materials have no impact until they are madeinto products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or f

22、ailure of a country in the near future.1.How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?A TwoThreeC FourD Five2.Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?A To compare them with the new materials.To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.C To c

23、ompare the new materials to them.D To explain his view point.3.Why is transition difficult?A Because transition requires money and time.Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.C Because research on new materials is very difficult.DBecause it takes 10 years.4.Where lies suc

24、cess of a country in the New Age of superstuff?A It lies in research.It lies in investment.C It lies in innovation.D It lies in application.Vocabularyl.superstuff2.superconducting ceramic3.exotic4.shape5.brittleness6.polymer7 .karate jacket8 .touch sensor9 .each punch and chop10 .blot11.tinker12.ame

25、ndable13.biodegradable14.six-pack rings15.decompose16.recyclable17.infantryman18 .deflect19 .a new twist超级材料超导陶瓷神奇的塑造，成型脆性聚合体空手道外衣触及传感器每一个击、打玷污，损害风景的东西修补，调整服从于，遵循的能生物递减分解的放六个罐子的环状物分解可循环（使用的）步兵使偏斜，使转向一个新的观点，方法难句译注1 .Material science - once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new, practical d

26、iscoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.【参考译文】材料科学，一度曾是最无吸引力（最不起眼）的技术，正以崭新的，以超导陶瓷为首的种种实用性发明绽开新颜。这种超导陶瓷可能会使电子技术彻底改变。-5 -1.50 me advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of

27、 glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.【参考译文】有些高级材料是带有新方法的老标准。最新全国电话的光纤电缆由玻璃制成。这种玻璃透明度极高，一片 100英里厚的玻璃比一块标准的窗框玻璃还要清晰透明。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍“超导材料”的论说文，采用一般到具体的分类写作手法。先指出未来时代的材料属于超导，然后再提出三种超导材料，再逐一说明。答案详解1.51 种超导材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具体讲这三种材料。第二

28、段讲陶瓷：“新材料之关键在于研究工作者不断提高在分子水平上处理物质的能力。举陶瓷为例，由于它的脆性，长期来应用范围有限。但是通过改善导致脆性的微小缺陷，科学家制造出一种保持原有硬度和抗热性，但坚实得多的陶瓷”。第三段讲塑料。“类似的转折发生在塑料上，高强度的塑料建成了桥梁、溜冰场、直升机的叶轮。一种震动或推动就能发电的新型塑料用于电子吉他上，触及传感塑料用于机械手和空手道外衣上，它能自动记录每次击打。”后面谈及塑料垃圾可以处理，或者制造可分解还原的塑料制品。塑料内加入其他化合物加强性能。第四段讲有些高级材料由新的改变，最新的光纤电缆由玻璃制成，透明度极高，100英里厚的一块其清晰度比一块普通窗

29、玻璃还高。2. B说明这种新材料对未来世界的意义。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定会象生物工程和计算机一样将改变世界。”A.把它们和新材料相比较，这里不仅仅是比较，而是说明三者都具同样的作用-改变世界。C.把新材料比作它们。也不仅仅是比喻比拟。与A 一样没有说到核心电。D.说明他的观点。太笼统。3. A转折需要钱和时间。见最后一段“可是新材料只有制成产品才有影响，而这个转折可能很困难，因为转折需要长期的研究和投资。可以这么说，在不久的将来，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料转变成商品将决定一个国家之成败。”B.因为许多制造商不愿改变他们的设备。C.因为新材料的研究非常困难。D.转折要华上十年时间

30、。这三项文内没有涉及。4. D在超级材料时代已过之成功在于应用。A.在于研究。B.在于投资。C.在于革新。这三项都是应用的部分前提。其中 A和B文内提 到，C项文内未涉及。阅读理解-AA year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job with

31、out hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by th e name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people get ting the two of us confused. Wait a minute someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar

32、?The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a period I spent searching for briefcase （公文包）and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class. I m Mr. Davis. Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes Iwould sound ex

33、perienced. But when the dayeventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange constructio

34、n paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.“All right then, I said. Okay, here we go. Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I h

35、ad been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. Every student woul d yell. Calm down, you ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at

36、 a time! ”A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the themeof deep disappointment.()1. The author took the job to teach writing because.A. he wanted to be expectedB. he had written some storiedC. he wanted to please his fatherD. he had dreamed of being a teacher()2. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?A. He would be aggressive in his first class.B. He was well-prepared for his first class.C. He got nervous upon the