动名词的用法

1、动名词的用法动名词的用法1、动名词做主语和表语1.动名词作主语Talking to him is talking to a wall._ (smoke) may cause cancer.2.有时可用先行词it 作主语，而把动名词放到句子后部去，表语可以是形容词，名词a.Its nice seeing you again. Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?b.Its no good coming before that. Its a wonder meeting you here. It was a waste of time reading tha

2、t book.3.There is+no后用动名词作主语：表示没法。 There is no knowing what he could do.There was n arguing with her.4.动名词作表语： Her hobby is painting.1._(walk) is my sole exercise.2.Its hopeless_(argue)about it.3.It was a waste of time _(read) that book.4 Its a wonder _(meet)you here.5. Hes selfish, there is no _(de

3、ny)it.6.There is _(mistake) in his intension.7.Their pastime is _(go) to movies.8.Her favorite sport is _(ski).2.动名词作宾语(一) 动词+动名词 I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. He admitted taking the money I hate lying and cheating I couldnt help laughing.(二)成语动词+动名词 He has given up playing football. H

4、is suggestion is worth considering. (三)动名词表示一般情况，不定式表示即将发生的事 I remember telling you about it, Remember to tell him about it. Do you like reading? I should like to hear others views.注：在begin,start,intend, continue,和cease后，跟动名词或不定式都可以，不定式表示情况发生变化，动名词表示有意识地开始或停止。3.动名词做介词的宾语1. 由介词构成的成语动词后跟动名词作宾语1. She i

5、nsisted on writing at once.2. be+adj+介词 2.I was afraid of making them uneasy.3. 及物动词+宾语+介词+动名词作宾语 3.Thank you for doing this job for us.4.介词+动名词构成状语 I dont blame you for being cautious.5.介词短语+动名词构成宾语 He is studying with a view to going to university.总之：介词后面+动名词!1).动名词的被动形式作动词的宾语和介词的宾语 a.He hates bei

6、ng interrupted. I appreciate being given this opportunity. He just missed being caught. b.I object to being spoken to like that. He hope to get out without being seen. He ran away for fear of being hurt.2).动名词的完成形式作动词的宾语和介词的宾语 a.He denied having been there. He reported having met only a cyclist. b.D

7、ont be angry with me for not having written to you. After having had some practice, he decided to try again.4.动名词的被动形式和完成形式动名词的逻辑主语多用一个物主代词或名词所有格表示：a. 主语前It seems so strange your going like this. Her going off in such a hurry is very risky.b. 宾语前I hate your going away.Excuse my opening your letter b

8、y mistake.c. 介词宾语前I strongly object to your saying that.I fed up with your grumbling.5.动名词的逻辑主语二、宾语从句1. that 引导的宾语从句 2.由连接代（副）词引导的从句1)动词加连接代词或连接副词引导的从句：2). whether 和 if 也常用来引导宾语从句： 3. 由关系代词型what 引导的从句 Have you got what you wanted? She was shocked by what she had seen.1). whatever 引导宾语从句 I will do wh

9、atever you wish. I always succeed in whatever I try.2).whichever, whomever也可引导宾语从句 Buy whichever is cheapest. Give it to whomever you like.三、 定语从句1.限定性定语从句大多数定语从句对所修饰词的意思加以限制，以表示.的人/东西称为限定性定语从句通常由关系代词(a)或关系副词(b)引导： a. Everyone who (taht) knew him liked him. The car which I hired broke down. b.This i

10、s the village where I was born. These are the reasons why we do it.注：定语从句中关系代词大多数情况下要省略，尤其在口语中。2.非限定性定语从句对所修饰的词没有限定词义的作用，而只是补充一些说明，通常都有一个逗号把它和句子的其他部分分开。在这类从句中不能使用关系代词that 和关系副词 why 也不能省略任何关系副词。 Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work. This is George, whose class you will be taking.1) 在非限定

11、性定语从句中which 和 whom 常和of或其他介词连用： I picked up the apples, some of which are badly bruised. She had eight children,three of whom lived to grow up.2) which 有时不代表一个名词，而代表前面句子的全部或部分意思。 They rely on themselves, which is much better. He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like.3) 一些其他定语从句as做关系代词，引导定语从句主

12、要和such 连用We have such grapes as you never saw.as还可以单独引导定语从句He was a foreigner, as I knew from hia accent.4)but 引导定语从句There are very few but admire his talents.5) whereby, wherein,whereupon也可以引导定语从句Theyve set a plan whereby you can spread the cost over a period四、状语从句1.时间状语从句1)多由连词引导When she pressed t

13、he button the lift stopped.All things are difficult before they are easy. 2)也有一些不由连词引导He came directly I called.2.条件状语从句1) If 或unless 引导If I were you,Id go to night school.2)其他连词或起连词作用的短语Suppose you had a million pounds,how would you spend it?3)由if引导的条件状语从句有时可将if 省略，而把从句语序倒装Were it not for their ass

14、istance ,we would be in serious of diffculty.3.目的状语从句主要由that, so that, lest,so fear that,in case等引导：They spoke in whispers lest they should be heard.Ill show you so you can see how its done.4.结果状语从句主要由so that, so.that, such.that, that等引导：It was such a cold night that we stayed at home.5. 原因状语从句1)主要由

15、because,as,since,in case等引导I did it because I was angry.As you make your bed, so you must lie on it.2)某些Be+Adj.结构后的从句也说明原因Im glad hes feeling better.6.让步状语从句1)主要由although,though,while,whereas等连词引导，表示虽然，尽管这类意思Some praised him, whereas others condemned him.Though he had very little money, he always managed to dress smartly.2)其他类型的状语从句You wont be heard, however loudly you shout.7.方式状语从句1)主要由as,like, as if, as though等引导I did as he asked.Do it like he does.2)这类状语间或也不用连词引导You can travel how you please.Arrange the hours however you like .8.地点状语从句1)主要由where,wherever和anywhe