名词专项讲解

1、学习必备欢迎下载名词要点名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格 含义、构成 两种形式：'s所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类1 .专有名词：名字（人名、地名、书名、机构名 卜与国家有关的（国家、国民、 语言）、日期（节日、星期、月份）2 .普通名词：包括可数名词和不可数名词可数名词个体名词|表示个体的人或事物例：sister、table、bike、window集体名词|表示一群人或一些事物例：family、police、class、group不可数名词物质名词 表示构成物体的物质或材

2、料 例：water、air、wood抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例：danger、interest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数,作玻璃时不可数。（1） family, class等词作为一个整体时视为单数，强调其家庭/族成员或班级成员时视为复数；（2）部分有生命的集体名词本身就是复数的概念：police指警察、警官的总称，本身表示复数。The police（主语）+谓语动词复数people指人们、人民，本身表示复数。（The）people+谓语动词复数

3、people指民族，有单、复数变化e.g. fifty-six peoples五十六个民族攵形式相同常deer , fish 鱼 * sheep 绵羊, bison 野牛, crab规则变化：，表示人的W词Chinese中国人, Japanese 口本人，Swiss瑞士人. km名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s或-es印相&股情现性悯屋直接加s ,例6联。匕机UJL. spacecraft 2H 以1si" k司 sh、ch 结尾的词加-es?口棚dbus-feuisesl box-boxesl T , dozen * score 荷“辅音字用+y"结尾的

4、词，嘴穗ci好撼出版'元音字用+结尾的词，直接加So4、以o结尾的除potato（马铃薯）、tomato（西红柿）、hero（英雄）力口 es,其余直接加So5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数变 f或fe为v加es, roof、proof直接加-s, 例 life-lives wife-wives roof roofs。学习必备欢迎下载(2)不规则变化1.单词拼写发生变化man-men woman-women policeman-policemenfoot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-children2、某国人变复数，口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面

5、 例：an Englishman-Englishmen an American-Americans例：a cup of coffee（一杯咖啡）two glasses of milk（两杯牛奶）three pieces of paper（三张纸）four bottles of water（四杯水）三、名词所有格含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：一种是s所有格，一种是of所有格Beijing is China s capital.= Beijing is the captital of China.This is Tonrf s bike = This is the bike o

6、f Tom.Lily is the key' s owner.= Lily is the owner of the key.1 .' s所有格构成单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加's,如Lucy' s pen路西的钢笔Children ' s Day （儿童节）；以s结尾的复数名词，只加,如 the students' books 学生们的书。2 .几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加s,如Lucy and Lily' s bedroom（露西和莉莉的卧室）。表示各自所有，则每个名词都加s,如Lucy' s a

7、nd Lily' s desks露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子）。3 .of所有格：（3）不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与a/an及数次搭配使用1）.of用来表示无生命的名词所有格。表示数量时用量词搭配。the map of China the door of the room学习必备欢迎下载2) .双重所有格：of +名词所有格of +名词性的物住代词He is a friend of my(brother ).Is she a daughter of(you)?1. They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. news

8、D. storiesA. family B. house C. home D. room8 .mothers couldn 'go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shangh ai .A. Mary and Peter ' s B. Mary and Peter C.Mary' and Peter DMary' and Peter ' s9 . Li Lei has been to many times this month.2. I have two and three bottles of her

9、e.A. her uncle B. heruncle ' s C. her uncles Daunt ' sA. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oran 10. He is a success as a leader but hhasn ' in teaching.ges3. Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .A. 25 minutes walk B. 25minute ' walkC. 25 minute

10、walk D. 25 minutes walk4. An old wants to see you.A. people B. person C. the people D. the person5. Help yourself to.A. many experiences B. much experienceC. an experience D. a lot experience11. A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.A. you B. your C. your sister D. yosrster ' s12. A group of a

11、re talking with two.A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , FrenchmenA. chickens and applesB. chickens and apple13.The team having a meeting .C. chicken and appleD. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I forgot the twoA. is B. are C. am D. be14. “Woukyou like? ” &quo

12、t;please.A. room' number B. rooms ' number C. room numbers D.rooms ' numbers A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffee7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her secondD. a drink, Three cups of coffees15. The Great Wall was made not only

13、by, but also the flesh and blood of _学习必备欢迎下载men.A.earth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millionsC. the earth and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions三巩固训练：1. This is reading-room.A. the teacher ' B.teacher ' C.teacher ' D. the teachers '2. Nothing was fo

14、und but broken.A. the room window B. the room' windowC. the room of the window D. the window of room3. How many would you like?A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread4. He was praised for his.A. brave B. bravery C. bravely D. great brave5. Please get me a new when you go to town

15、.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers6. There are 34 doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. womari s D. womeri s7. Some are even thinner than your little finger.A. bamboo B. bamboos C. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos8. He was born in this town and now he lives in.9. Old as he is, he

16、 has to do every day.A. a lot of work B. much worksC. lots of homeworks D. quite a lot of homeworks10. Jack ' room is furnished with.A. new furnituresB. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of furnitures D. many new pieces of furniture11. Have you read newspaper yet?A. today ' s BToday'

17、 C. the today ' s D. yourtoday ' s12. It ' not far, only walk from here to our school.A. a ten minutes B. ten minutes C. a ten minutes ' D. tenminutes13. Last month, he wrote me letter.A. a 1000-word B. 1000 wordsC. a 1000-words D. 100words '14. He had a sleep yesterday.A. a good

18、 night B. a good-nightC. a goodnight ' s D. goodnight ' s15. is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distance B. Three-mile distanceC. Threemiles distance D. A three-mile-distance16. Hisisn 'fitfor the work. Please get me.B. somebody elseA. Building second B. Building Two C. the Buildi

19、ng Two D. Building the Second A. something else学习必备欢迎下载C. someone else ' s Dsomebody' else17. Do you know how large is?A. population of China B. Chinese population C. China population DChina ' ps opulation18. is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weight B. Thebox' weight C. The

20、 weight of the box D. The box of t he weight19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest shop?A. shoesB. shoe (shoes 'Ds hoe ' s20. What weather we' reaving these days!A. niceB. a nice C. a badD. worse21. They say that the meeting will be.A. of very important B. great importance C. of gre

21、at importance D. great impo rtant22. I ' ngoing to call at this evening.A. Mr Black B. the Blacks C. MB lack ' s DBlacks '23. What Darwin said was an attack on people 'religious.A. beliefB. beliefs C. beliefsD. believs24. There are some waiting for you outside.A. GermanB. American C.

22、 grown-up D. Japanese25. Their factory has developed a kind of to help people walk.A. machineB. machines C. a machine D. the machine26. There' rmany in my brother album.A. leafsB. toys C. booksD. stamps27. Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of.A. tomatoes B. potatos C. vegetab

23、le D. meats28. Upon hearing what I said, his rose.A. angerB. angry C. angrilyD. angriness29. Excuse me, can you change this for me?A. five-pound note B. five pounds note C. five-pound notes D. five pounds notes30. You have to make for your journeyA. preparing B. preparation C. a preparation D. prepa

24、rations四课堂过手训练：1. We haven't got much for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07)A apple B tomato C bread D biscuit1.1 ' read sports news about the Fl race today.(05)A two B pieces C two piece D two pieces of3. Linda, I've bought many . Now let's make the birthday cake. (03)学习必备欢迎下载A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milk C. frozen food D rice dumplings4. Yo