名词性从句讲练学案

1、学习必备欢迎下载名词性从句讲练学案在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结 构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分， 都可用连词that

2、。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：2) That she is still alive is a consolation二.宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓t动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.作动词的宾语(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略)，例 如：I heard that be joined the army.(2)由what, whether (if)引导的宾语从句，例如：She did not know what had happened.I wonder whether you can change this note fo

3、r me.(3)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.2.作介词的宾语，例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.It is a pity that you didn t go to see the film.3.作形容词的宾语，例如：It doesn t interest me whether you succeed or not. I am afraid (that) I ve madea mistak

4、It is in the morning that the murder took place.注意：that引京的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：It is John that broke the window.用it作形式主语的结构It is +名词+从句It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that非常荣幸It is common knowledge that 是常识It is +形容词+从句It is natural that 很自然一It is strange that 奇怪的是 It is + 不及物动词+ 从句It seems that 似乎It

5、 happened that 碰巧一It appears that 彳以乎一It +过去分词 +从句It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：(1) if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。(2) It is said /reported结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, th

6、ankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content等。也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句。4 . it可以作为形式宾语it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而 真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语 的句子中。例如： We heard it that she would getmarried next month.5 .后边不能直接跟that从句的动词这类动词有 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, cond

7、emn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：I admire their winning the match.I admire that they won the match.6 .不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不可用于 动词+间接宾语+ that从 句 结构中， 常见的有 envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate 等。例如

8、：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(3) It happens/occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(4) It doesn t matter how/whethe

9、r 结构中的主语从句 不可提前。例如：It doesn t matter whether he is wrong or not.Whether he is wrong or not doesn t matter.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可 提前。例如：He impressed the manager as an honest man.He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.7.否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose,believe, expect, fancy, guess,

10、 imagine 等，其后的宾语从 句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语 上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：I don think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣 服不适合你穿。三.表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是主语+连系动词+表语从句 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem 等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有 theIs it likely that it will rain in the evening?Is that will rain in the eveni

11、ng likely?4. what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而 that则不然。例如:1) What you said yesterday is right.reason is that和It is because 等结构。例如：1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is why we can t get the support of the people3) But the fact r

12、emains that we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the学习必备欢迎下载early bus.四.同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。I .同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导,例如：A. is happenB. has happenedC. would happenD. did happenII .Energy is makes things work.A. what B. s

13、omething C. anything D. that 12.This is just they are mistaken.A. when B. what C. where D. which13.Why he fell 川 suddenly was he was caught in1） The king s decision that the prisoner would be set freee rain yesterday.surprised all the people.2） The order that all the soldiers should stay still is gi

14、ven by the general.2 .同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后 面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3 .同位语从句与定语从句的区别（1）定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中 作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成 分。（2）定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对 先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是 名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：

15、1 ） The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句， that在从句中作宾语） 2）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （汤 姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中 不作任何成分）自测题He asked for the violin.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I pay D. h

16、ow much I paid2 .They want to know do to help us.A. what can theyB. what they canC. how they canD. how can they3 .you have done might do harm to other people.A. That B. What C. Which D. This4 .These photographs will show you.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does

17、 our village looks likeD. how our village looks like5.leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who6.It made many countries angry the NATO, withoutthe permission from the UN, started a war in Yugoslavia because of the problem of Kosovo.A. when B. because

18、 C. that D. if7.It is not that this situation will continue very long.A. alike B. like C. likely D. the like8 .Computers can only give out has been stored in them by man.A. that B. which C. what D. everything9 .We all heard the news the Chinese Women Volleyball Team had won the match.A. which B. tha

19、t C. in which D. when10 .There is a police car in front of our neighbour What do you suppose?A. because B. since C. that D. only because1.1 I don think the question of they are old or young is important.A. which B. whether C. how D. why1.2 I ll make to all that you were once a sailor.A. known B. kno

20、wing C. then known D. it known16 .was not our concern.A. No matter he might pass the examinationB. Whether he passed the examination or notC. Though he might pass the examinationD. He passed the examination17 .Do you believehe will win?A. that B. whether18.I have no doubtC. if D. what it is true.A.

21、thatB. whether19.I don t thinkC. ifD. what.A. that is true hell go there himselfB. it true that hell go there himselfC. that he will true go there himselfD. this is true he ll go there himself20 .Do you know get three gold medals?A. how Tim couldB. how Tim was able toC. how was Tim able toD. how cou

22、ld Tim21 .They expressed the hope they would come overto visit China again.A. which B. that C. whether D. for which22 .The reason why I didn ftnish my homework was my schoolbag with all my textbooks in it.A. because I lostB. because of losingC. for I lostD. that I lost23 .The reason for his success

23、is he worked hard.A. why B. that C. what D. because24.1 wonder with his study.A. what he is getting along B. that he is getting alongC. if he is getting along D. how he is getting along25. I m thinking I should do next.A. that B. what C. of what D. in what 26.We l never give in they may do or say.A.

24、 although B. despiteC. no matter how D. whatever 27.His grandfather was among the first to settle in isnow a famous place.A. what B. it C. which D. where28 . 一 What is Einstein s most famous theory? .A. We call the Theory of RelativityB. That we call the Theory of RelativityC. What we call the Theor

25、y of RelativityD. We call it the Theory of Relativity29 .There s no doubyour book will be well received.A. that B. whether C. when D. where 30.You can depend on promise he makes.A. all s hohswhatC. whatever D. which31 .The fact she works hard is well known to us all.学习必备欢迎下载A. that B. what C. why D.

26、 which32 .The mountain is no longer in used to be.A. which B. that C. as D. what33 .Jack said to meet the American friends.A. which he pleased B. he is pleasedC. that he was pleased D. what he was pleased34 .He was always thinking of he could help others.A. that B. how C. whom D. which35 . they are

27、most interested in is they can produce more and better cars.A.That,that B.What, that C.What, how D.That, whether36 . 一 Do you remember he came?一Yes, I do. He came by car.A. when B. how C. where D. that37 .colour printing was invented by the Chinese as early as the 10th century?A. Do you think that i

28、s true B. Do you think it true thatC. Is that trueD. Is that said38 .His suggestion to see the exhibition interests every one of us.A. that we goB. which we should goC. whether we should goD. we went39 .Have you any idea?A.how fast does light travelB. how does light travel fastC. how fast light trav

29、els D. light travels how fast40 . 一 What about seeing a film?The point is we ll have enough time.A. that B. if C. whether D. when41 .What a pity is you didn t arrive by daylight.A. there ; because B. it ; that C. he ; when D. that; for42 . 一 I believe you vedone your best and things will improve.一Th

30、ank you.A. that;不填 B.不填;不填C. what;不填D.不填;that43 .Please give the book to wins the first price.A. who B. when C. whoever D. whomever44 .The fire destroyed was in the building.A. all B. what C. that D. whichA. what B. which C. that D. who强化练习1. . he does has nothing to do with me.A.whatever=anything t

31、hatB.No matter whatC.ThatD. If2. The manager came over and asked the customer howA. did the quarrel came aboutB .the quarrel had come aboutC. had the quarrel come aboutD. had the quarrel come about3. Energy is makes thing work.A. what B. something C. anything D. that4. Information has been put forwa

32、rd more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as5. This is the shenzhou V Spaceship landed.A. there B. in which C. where D. when6. They have no idea/don t know at all.A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place has he goneD. where has he gone

33、7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient would die of the disease.A. that B. which C. of which D. of that8. The order came the soldiers the small villagethe next morning.A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leaveC. /; must leaveD. when; should leave9. is no possibility Bob can win the first pr

34、ize inthe match.A. There; that B. It; thatC. There; whetherD. It; whether10. The question came up at the meeting we had enough money for our research.A. that B. which C. whether D. if11. Is he said really true?A. that B. what C. why D. whether12. the meeting should last two days or three days doesn

35、t matter.s fearA. That B. Whether C. If D. Where45.The question came up at the meetingwe had notenough money to do the research.A. whetherB. that C. whenD. if13. It worried her a bither hair was turning grey.A. while B. ifC. that D. for14. more countries can use natural energy in the46.Jean didn t p

36、ass the last English exam was cfuitere remains to be seen. It remains to be seenbeyond everyone s expectation.A. WhyB. How C. Whether D. thatwhether .A. Whether B. This C. who D. If47.is worth doing well.A. Whatever is worth doing at allB. That s worth doing at allC. What s worth doing it at allD. W

37、hatever is worth doing it at all48. 一 Do you know it is from here to the railway station? Yes. About 5 miles .A. what distance B. how far C. how long D.how distant49. What is not yet decided so far?A. Cash crops will be produced next yearB. If cash crops will be produced next yearC. That cash crops

38、will be produced next yearD. What cash crops will be produced next year50.Though he said was of little help to me, I thanked him all the same.all of us.A. What B. ThatC. WhetherD. If16.you dont like him is none of my business.A. What B. ThatC. WhoD. How17.all the inventions haveincommon is theyhave

39、succeeded.A. What; what B. whatThat; thatC.what; that D. That ;15.he will go to work in a mountain village surprises18 .appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.A. What B. ItC. All that D. That19 . It is widely that smoking can cause cancer.A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped 20.caused the

40、 accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where 21.he always serves the people very well is known.学习必备欢迎下载A. What B. That C. Which D. WhoA. That B. WhatC. Which D. Whether22.has passed the test will get a prize .A. Whoever B. No mater who C. Whomever D. Who 23.Is true that the

41、famous scientist will give us lecture next week?A that B itC his D he24.It has not been decided_ they will leave for New York.A. when B why C that D what 25. Obviously we do morning exercises every dayus good.A. that do B. if; do C what; does D. that; dose 26 It is saidwas all he said.44.-Have you f

42、ound your book yet?-No, I m not sure A. whether B. where 45. The doctor couldn could survive that night.I could have left it.C. whenD. whyt answer the questionthe patientA. ifB. that46 . I firmly believe.A. thatB. whichC. whether D. whathe said at the meeting was right.C. that what D. what that47 .-

43、What were you trying to prove to the police?一 I was last night.A. That B. When C. Where D. WhatA that; that; that B what; what; what C that; which; what D that; that; which27 gets home first is to cook the supper.A. Who B Whom C. Those who D. Whoever28 moved us most was he liked after the old man fo

44、r more than twenty years.A. That; that B. What; that C What; what D. That; what29. you did it is not known to all.A. WhoB. What C. How D. Which30. you do should be well done.A HowB. That C. Whatever D Why31. The reason why I plan to go is she will be disappointed if I don t.A. because B. that C. tha

45、nks to D. what 32. What time do you think_?A. will Tom come backB. Tom will come backC. is Tom coming backD. can Tom get here33. The teacher said that light faster than sound.A. Has traveled B. traveled C. had traveled D. travels 34.is still a question will win.A. It; that B. It; who C. That; who D.

46、 This; that 35. If you know it was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities,raise your hand.A. whom B. which C. who D. thatIt was Dicke ns that wroteWho was it that wrote36. In some countries, are called publicschools are not owned by the state.A. that B. which C. as D. what37. Thinking you know in fact you

47、don ts a terrible mistake.A. that; that B. what; what C. that; what D. what that38. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just worries the public.A. whyB. which C. that D. what39. Why don you bring to his attention that you are too busy to do it?A. that B. what C. that D. it40. Davi

48、d says sounds right to Helen. That why she has made up her mind to leave with him happens.A. whatever; whatever B. No matter what; whateverC. No matter what; No matter whatD. Whatever; however41. That is I was born and grew up.A. There B. in which C. where D. the place 42.she was invited to the ball made her very happy.A. What B. That C. When D. Because48. I think, though I could be mistaken, _ he liked me.A. who B. which C. that D. what49. At the meeting, we discussed we should employ more worke