EnterpriseResourcePlanning(英文版)

1、PwCEnterprise Resource PlanningE.R.P SystemsCourse ObjectivesIntroduce you to ERP systems and Identify key components Understand business process issues and implementation concerns related to ERP systemsDevelop a strategy for introducing ERP and electronic commerce into your organization Understand

2、basic components of an integrated ERP system including types of products, functionality, Understand and explain newer business concepts such as e-commerce, B2B, B2C, CRM etcProject Management Introduction to ERP Systems Business Organisation and Function The Evolution of Information Systems (ERP) De

3、finition and Description of ERP (Types) Benefits of ERP Systems PwCBusiness Organisation and FunctionBusiness Functions ACCOUNTING AND FINANCEMARKETING AND SALESHUMAN RESOURCESPRODUCTION AND MATERIALS MANAGEMENTBusiness Function Accounting & Finance Vendor payments Receipting of cash from custom

4、ers Accounts receivable function Recording of raw materials purchases Recording of Sales Generating financials statements Asset register maintenanceBusiness Function Human Resource Organisation Development Performance Management Training HR Information Systems -Payroll -Personnel Administration Empl

5、oyee Self Service HR Communication Labour Relations Employee Assistance ProgrammesBusiness Function Prod & Materials Mgmt Making the product Purchasing raw materials for making the product Production planning used to develop orders for raw materials Raw material orders are based on the productio

6、n plans, so that sufficient raw materials are available to support the production plan, but excessive inventory that might spoil is not carried Inventory managementBusiness Function Marketing and Sales Developing products Determining pricing Promoting products to customers Taking customer orders Cre

7、ate sales forecasts Market research in relation to productsPwCThe Evolution of Information Systems (ERP)PwCDefinition and Description of ERP (Types)ERP Systems Early 1990s first fully integrated software system Current ERP systems evolved as a result of development of hardware and software technolog

8、y needed to support systems Developments of vision of integrated systems Release of personal productivity software (word-processing) 1979 Introduction of first spreadsheet software (complex business analysis without programming) hence need to connect individual users PCs Telecommunications allowed s

9、haring of data (server to client) ERP began on a factory floor (inventory tracking system Materials Requirements Planning)ERP Systems An ERP system is defined by Markus et al. (2000: 245) as a software package which makes possible the sharing of business information stored on a common database among

10、 targeted business units in the entire organisation. Enterprise Resource Planning is a way of making internal processes in an organisation to work in harmony. In an ERP software all components of an organisation functions are supported therefore data or information is shared across the entire organi

11、sation. The purpose served by an ERP system is of organising, codifying and standardisation of the business processes and information or data. Furthermore ERP systems provide an enterprise with a common language and a common pool of data (Norris et al. 2000: 12-13; Adam and ODoherty, 2000: 306)Overv

12、iew of major ERP systemsORACLEJD EDWARDBAAN SAPPEOPLESOFTTELECOMMUNICATION FMCGFINANCIAL SERVICESNGOsMANUFACTURINGUTILITIESTHE PUBLIC SECTORWhat Does “SAP” Stand For?SystemsApplications and Products in Data ProcessingSAP Founded in 1972 Based in Walldorf, Germany Worlds largest inter-enterprise soft

13、ware company Third largest independent software supplier 13,000+ customers in 120+ countries Employs a workforce of over 22,900 (June 00) Offices in more than 50 countriesWhat SAP Is and Is NotSAP Is. Just software Very flexible (to a point) Very complicated, but fairly easy to learn Very high quali

14、ty, industrial strength product A set of business processes A data model The “Poster Child” for scope creepSAP Is Not. THE answer The strategic or operational vision A substitute for good planning Conducive to a loose project approach Installed via A:SETUP Successful without extensive user involveme

15、ntERP Systems overview ORACLE PEOPLESOFT J.D. Edwards BAANOverview of Oracle Overview PeopleSoft Overview J.D. Edwards Now part of PeopleSoftOverview BAAN Benefits of ERP systems Modules and Organisational Structures Introduction to SAP R/3 - the SystemR/3FIFinancialAccountingCOControllingPSProjectS

16、ystemWFWorkflowISIndustrySolutionsHRHumanResourcesMMMaterialsMgmt.SDSales &DistributionPPProductionPlanningQMQualityMgmt.PMPlant MaintenanceSMServiceMgmt.Integrated SolutionClient / ServerOpen SystemsECEnterpriseControllingAAAsset AccountingBWBusinessWarehouseIntroduction to SAP R/3 - the System

17、 The R/3 System Over 1000 predefined transactions Possibility of 30 different languages 14 different modulesFIFinancialAccountingCOControllingPSProjectSystemECEnterpriseControllingAAAsset AccountingR/3 Financial ApplicationsGeneral ledgerAccounts Receivable/ PayableSpecial LedgersFixed Asset Account

18、ingOverhead ManagementActivity Based CostingProduct Cost AccountingProfitability AnalysisInvestment Planning/ Budgeting/ControllingDepreciation Forecast/ Simulation/CalculationExecutive Information SystemProfit Center AccountingWork Breakdown StructureCosts and budgetingTime schedulingOrders in the

19、projectR/3 Logistics Applications (1/2)Sales Promotion/Sales ActivitiesInquiries/Quotations/OrderContracts and scheduling agreementsShipping/Transportation/ Foreign tradeBillingMaterials requirements planningPurchasingGoods movementInvoice verificationInventory management Simulation/CalculationSales

20、/Production planningMaterial requirements planningForecastingCapacity planningShop Floor Information SystemManagement reportingData collection from various sources stored in a central repository“Slice and Dice”BW Business WarehouseMMMaterialsMgmt.SDSales &DistributionPPProductionPlanningR/3 Logistics Applications (2/2)R/3 Human ResourcesService planningProcessing service ordersService Information SystemQuality planni