高一英语 单元单词短语句型知识梳理 Unit3 大纲人教版第一册

1、Unit 3-Unit 4提纲挈领单元考查重点及热点Unit 3单词straitislanderfellowclaimgoverngovernornewcomertransformstrengthendifferpronunciationvocabularyfemalechewchairwomanplateentire minefenceoutdoorsbirthplace outingroastpointedclaw hairy mediumbushy短语as a consequencego walk aboutbreak outfeed.onround up句型While引导的让步状语从句

2、Unit 4单词Procedure rosestrawberrylemongrowthmerelyherbclassifygroup identificationmalepromoteOceaniaappointcalculateexpensecocoaenterprisesettlementstrawpineappleunderlinetonerewardtechniciannowherealtogetherappearanceoutputlattermillimeterlength短语on a large scalein detailpass away句型1.强调句式2.although引

3、导让步状语从句互动课堂Unit 3要点诠释单词1.claim v.& n.要求；索取；声称；使失踪讲：结构:claim sth.要求；(疾病、意外)夺去claim that.声称claim to do sth.(后跟动词不定式的完成时)声称做过某事make a claim for sth.提出要求例:She claims ownership of the land.她对这块土地的产权提出要求。Gardening claims much of my time in the summer.夏天，园艺工作需要我大量的时间。Have you claimed the insurance yet?

4、你索取保险金了吗？She claims that she is related to the Queen.=She claims to be related to the Queen.她声称和女王有亲属关系。The earthquake claimed thousands of deaths.地震夺去了数以千计人的生命。They made a claim for higher pay.他们要求提高薪水。Her claim on the inheritance is quite reasonable.她对遗产的继承要求非常合理。They have no claim to this propert

5、y.他们没有权利要求这份财产。链接·提示(1)其他搭配:enter/put in a claim 提出主张(要求)；give up a claim 放弃要求；lay claim to 宣称(2)表示“要求”时的同义词为call for或ask for。练：(2010辽宁沈阳质量检测)A small terrorist group has_ responsibility for the bombing in London.A.confirmed B.indicatedC.predicated D.claimed提示:claim声称。句意为“一个小的恐怖组织声称对伦敦的爆炸事件有责任”。

6、答案:D2.differ vi.(与)不同，相异；不同意讲：短语:differ from sb.in sth.与某人在方面不同differ with/from sb.about/on/over sth.与某人在方面意见不合例:Our opinions differ greatly from each others in that respect.我们的意见在那方面有很大的出入。He differs from his brothers in looks.他的长相和几个兄弟不同。Thats where we differ.这就是我们意见不合的地方。She always differs with/f

7、rom me about how to spend the vacation.有关如何度假一事，她和我的意见总是不合。链接·提示注意该词的形容词和名词的用法:be different from.(反义词be the same as);make a difference 有影响；有差异。练：(2010江苏南京第二次质检)Everyone fails now and then.It is how you react that makes a _in life.A.development B.differenceC.progress D.point提示:本题考查名词辨析。短语make a

8、difference的意思为“产生差别；有影响；起重要作用”。答案:B3.strengthen vt. 加强；变强讲：反义词:weaken减弱比较:harden硬化例:We want to strengthen our tie with them.我们想加强与他们的关系。This latest development has further strengthened my determination to leave.最近事态的发展更增强了我离开的决心。链接·提示注意构词法都可以构成及物动词，都有“使”的意思:加前缀:(1)en+adj.v.如:enlarge;enable;ensu

9、re;enrich;(2)en+n.v.如:endanger;entrain;encage;encase。加后缀:(1)adj.+env.如:harden;soften;(2)n.+env. 如:lengthen;shorten;(3)n.+fyv.如:beautify;purify练：I suggest the friendship between the two countries_.A.should strengthenB.strengthenC.be strengthenedD.will be strengthened提示:句意是“我建议两国之间的友谊应该加强”。因strengthen

10、为及物动词，此处应该使用被动语态，且suggest后面的宾语从句使用(should)do形式。答案:C短语1.break out (火灾、战争等)突然发生；爆发讲：注意该词为不及物动词短语，不能使用被动语态,在使用时不要受汉语的影响。相同用法的同义词有happen,take place,occur等。例:Fire broke out in the neighbourhood last night.昨晚附近发生了火灾。The war against Iran is very likely to break out in the near future.针对伊朗的战争在不久的将来可能会爆发。链接&

11、#183;拓展 break构成的短语还有break up瓦解，分解，变坏，终止，破裂；break down捣毁，毁坏，分解，出故障，失败；break into(不及物动词短语)强行闯入，打岔；break in(及物动词短语)突然闯入，突然发出；break away 逃脱，从脱离，与断绝关系(和from连用)；break through 突破障碍，(太阳、月亮)自云间显现。练：It was reported that the forest fire_ last Sunday and that it_ itself and wasnt .A.went out;broke out;put outB.

12、broke out;went out;put outC.broke out;put out;went outD.put out;broke out;went out提示:本题考查短语动词的用法。break out 爆发；go out (火)自燃熄灭；put out 扑灭。答案:B2.as a consequence(of) 作为(的)结果讲：可单独使用，也可加上of后跟名词。例:She was found guilty,and lost her job as a consequence(of it).她被判有罪，因而失去工作。As a consequence of your bad work

13、I am forced to dismiss you.因为你工作不好，我被迫解雇你。As a consequence，we have to water the vegetable garden.结果，我们不得不给菜地浇水。链接·拓展该短语的同义词为as a result (of),in consequence of,because of,owing to,due to等。练：He slipped and had his leg broken._,he will have to be away from school for two or three months.A.In any c

14、ase B.After allC.As a consequence D.In this way提示:本题考查介词短语的用法。从句子的意思分析，这里应该使用as a consequence，相当于as a result，表示摔断腿的结果。答案:C句型while引导让步状语从句讲：请观察下面教材原句:While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost,people are trying hard to protect and record what is left.虽然土著人的一些语言已经失传了，但是人们正努力保护和记录剩下的语言。讲：注意w

15、hile在此不表示“在期间”，而是用来引导让步状语从句，相当于although的用法，可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。例:I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢喝加奶油的。English is understood all over the world while Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.英语在全世界都通行，而土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。While I admit that there are problems

16、,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。链接·提示while引导的状语从句一般表示三个概念:(1)在期间（表示时间）；（2）而（表示对比）；（3）虽然（表示让步）练：(1)(2010湖北荆州模拟)_ you may be right,I cant altogether agree.A.As B.While C.If D.Since提示:本题考查连词用法。“虽然你可能是对的，但是我不能完全赞同”。while“虽然”，表转折。答案:B(2)_private cars are bringing u

17、s convenience,they also cause more traffic accidents and pollution.A.While B.As C.If D.Since提示:本题考查让步状语从句的引导词的用法。答案:A辨析1.represent,stand for两个词都有“代表”的意思，但有相同之处也有不同的地方。present vt.(图画)表现；描绘；代表；象征The red lines on the map represent railways.地图上的红线代表铁路。A dove represents peace.鸽子象征和平。He represented our sc

18、hool.他代表我们学校。stand for 代表；表示意思WTO stands for World Trade Organization.WTO代表世界贸易组织。即时练习:Mr Wang was chosen to_ our school at the meeting.A.represent B.stand for C.instead of D.take the place of提示:本句话的意思为“王老师被选作我们学校的代表出席会议”。take the place of表示“替代；替换”，不合题意，stand for和represent虽然在表示“表示；象征”时通用，但表示“代表某人或某单

19、位”只能用represent。答案:A2.entire/whole/allentire adj.整个的，全部的。副词形式为entirely，相当于completely。whole adj.和entire为同义词。n.整体all pron.& adv.全部；所有；完全即时练习:(1)The _country celebrated the return of Macao.(2)Lu Xun is famous not just in China but in the _world.(3)Look through the _news report in todays newspaper.(4

20、)Ive wasted an _day on this.(5)Although they are twins,they look _different.(6)She lives _by herself.(7) _of the toys are broken.(8)She spent the _of the year in hospital.答案:(1)whole/entire(2)whole(3)whole/entire(4)entire(5)entirely(6)all(7)All(8)whole实例点拨【例1】 (2010辽宁高考)The head office of the bank is in Beijing,but it has _all over the country.A.companies B.b