2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考英语临考冲刺卷六201806060331

1、普通高等学校2018年招生全国统一考试临考冲刺卷(六)英 语 注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文

2、，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ahigh school and college are periods of ever-expanding responsibility for students. you can get help from some practical apps. check out these apps to get a head-start on being on top of your life!sleep cycle alarm clock (free; ios, android)getting enough slee

3、p is essential to getting a good education, but waking up rested isnt just about how much you sleep; its about where you are in your sleep cycle when you wake up. sleep cycle uses your phones microphone and/or accelerometer to analyze your sleeping patterns and wake you up at the best time, when you

4、re in your lightest sleep state(within a window that you set, so that youre not late). myhomework student planner(free; ios, android, windows)the myhomework student planner is available on wide variety of platforms so that you can stay organized wherever you are. you can keep track of your class sch

5、edule and homework, get reminders for upcoming tests, and sync it across all of your platforms. theres also a premium version for $4.99 that takes away the ads, gives you more themes, lets you add file attachments, and integrates access to external calendars.circle of 6(free; ios, android)circle of

6、6 is an innovative safety app that connects you to six of your most trusted friends (your “circle”) and helps you keep track of each other. if youre feeling scared about a situation youre in you can send a per-programmed text to your circle with just two taps, and it will include your exact location

7、. this could also be used by younger students to discreetly let their parents know that theyre in an uncomfortable situation and want to be picked up.goodbudget(free; ios, android)goodbudget can divide your money into virtual “envelopes” for things like groceries, transportation, entertainment, gas,

8、 and whatever else you need to budget for. the free version includes 10 regular envelopes plus syncing across two devices. or you can move to a premium subscription(溢价认购)($5/month, $45/year)for more envelopes, five devices, and a five-year transaction history.21. which of the following is not true?a

9、. all of the four apps can be used free of chargeb. sleep cycle alarm clock can make you sleep as much as possiblec. myhomework student planner can be used on computers and cellphonesd. goodbudget can help you use your money wisely【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据每一部分标题后面的free可知四款应用都是免费的，a项正确；根据文中的“the myhomework s

10、tudent planner is available on wide variety of platforms so that you can stay organized wherever you are.”可知，我的家庭作业计划可以在各种平台使用，c项正确；根据文中“goodbudget can divide your money into virtual “envelopes” for things”可知goodbudget可以帮助明智的使用钱，d项正确。故选b。22. the app goodbudge with a premium subscription for six mont

11、hs costs _.a. $5 b. $22.5c. $30 d. $45【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“$5/month”可知，如果订购六个月应该付费30美元。故选c。23. which might be the most useful for a primary school student who walks to the school alone every day?a. sleep cycle alarm clock(free; ios, android)b. myhomework student planner(free; ios, android, window

12、s)c. circle of 6(free; ios, android)d. goodbudget(free; ios, android)【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据文中的“text to your circle with just two taps, and it will include your exact location.”可知，对于一个每天独自步行去学校的小学生来说，circle of 6最实用。故选c。bsummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far too often. according to ki

13、dsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the us, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.for bishop curry, a fifth grader from mckinney, texas, one such incident hit close to home. a six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. a

14、fter hearing about her death, curry decided that something needed to be done. young curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch(草图) of a device he called “oasis.”the device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. if

15、it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. curry also designs the device using gps and wi-fi technology, which would alarm the childs parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.currys father believ

16、es that the invention has potential. “the cool thing about bishops thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “we feel like the way hes thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” his father even introduced the device to toyota, where he works as an engin

17、eer. the company was so impressed that they sent curry and his father to a car safety conference in michigan.in january, currys father launched a campaign for the invention. they hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. their goal was $20,000, but so many pe

18、ople believed in oasis potential that they have raised more than twice that-over $46,000.currys father remembers the first time he saw his sons sketch. “i was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “we always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”24. what inspired cur

19、ry to invent oasis?a. his narrow escape from death after being locked in a carb. his knowledge of many childrens death because of car heatc. the death of his neighbors baby after being left in a hot card. the injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据after hearing about h

20、er death, curry decided that something needed to be done. young curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch(草图) of a device he called “oasis.”得知在听说领居家6个月的婴儿在车里热死后，young curry决定发明“绿洲”设备。故选c。25. what would oasis do if it was hot in a car with a

21、child?a. it would inform the parents or even the policeb. it would pump out the hot air in the carc. it would sound the alarm attached to the card. it would get the window open to save the child【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据curry also designs the device using gps and wi-fi technology, which would alarm the child

22、s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.得知 young curry发明的“绿洲”设备可以通知孩子家人和警方。故选a。26. what does currys father think is cool about currys invention?a. it used some of the most advanced technologyb. it simply combined technologies that existedc. it could accelerate production of new

23、 technologyd. it is the most advanced among similar products【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据currys father believes that the invention has potential. “the cool thing about bishops thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “we feel like the way hes thinking and combining all these technologies will get t

24、o production faster.”得知父亲认为young curry的发明很酷，因为用到的科技都是现成的。故选b。27. why did currys father start a campaign to raise money?a. to conduct experiments to test the inventionb. to get other children devoted to inventionsc. to support a charity of medical aid for childrend. to get the patent and bring it to

25、production【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据they hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer.得知young curry的父亲为他的发明筹钱用于获取专利，找到生产商进行生产。故选d。creducing plastic waste isnt easy because the cheap material is found in almost every household item. now, a delicious and nutritious solution

26、 has come up to help reduce our dependence on this environmental hazard.david christian, the co-founder of evoware, says the idea of creating the biodegradable (生物降解的) products came from concern at the countrys high pollution rate. indonesia is home to four of the worlds worst polluted rivers. since

27、 single-use packaging is a large contributor to the problem, evoware decided to deal with that first.after investigating various materials, the company settled on seaweed. unlike com, commonly used for biodegradable containers, seaweed does not require resources like water or large amounts of space.

28、 since indonesian farmers already harvest more seaweed than they can sell, its easy for the company to find the material.though they will not reveal their production process, evoware says the seaweed packaging contains no chemicals and is safe to consume. the company has also invented single-use cup

29、s, which can break down 30 days after theyre thrown away.while replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hard-sell in indonesia. according to christian, “the awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. this makes our bioplastic unnecessary.”

30、also a factor is the cost, which is higher than using plastic. hopefully, evoware will succeed in convincing indonesians and people worldwide that switching to their products will be helpful to protecting our beautiful planet.28. what problem did evoware decide to deal with first?a. ways to clean th

31、e four worst polluted rivers.b. means to contribute to the countrys economy.c. how to deal with single-use packaging.d. what nutritious materials for people to use.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由since single-use packaging is a large contributor to the problem, evoware decided to deal with that first.可知evoware决定首先处

32、理一次性的包装，选c。29. why did evoware choose seaweed?a. it didnt require much space and was easy to get.b. it could be found everywhere in his country.c. it was most commonly used for packaging.d. it grew thickly in most of the polluted rivers.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由unlike com, commonly used for biodegradable con

33、tainers, seaweed does not require resources like water or large amounts of space.可知evoware选择海藻是因为海藻不需要太多的空间，并且容易获得，选a。30. what can we infer from christians words?a. their seaweed products have won government support.b. their new products have received wordwide popularity.c. the cost of making seawee

34、d products will be lowered soon.d. sometimes its hard to get people to reduce the use of plastics.【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。由according to christian, “the awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. this makes our bioplastic unnecessary.”可知christian的话暗示出有时候让人们减少塑料的使用很困难，选d。31. what does the underl

35、ined word “hard-sell” (in para. 5) refer to?a. something lasting long.b. something hard to accept.c. something easy to get.d. something commonly seen.【答案】b【解析】词义猜测题。由according to christian, “the awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. this makes our bioplastic unnecessary.”可知while

36、replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hard-sell in indonesia. 这句话的意思是虽然用海藻产品取代塑料制品对我们来说很有吸引力，但是在印度尼西亚很难被接受，所以选b。da large body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower. most of the researchers exploring self-co

37、ntrol do so with an obvious goal in mind: how can willpower be strengthened? if willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests, what can be done to make it stay strong?avoiding temptation (诱惑) is an effective method for maintaining self-control, which is called the “out of sights, o

38、ut of mind” principle. one recent study, for instance, found office workers less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks, in plain sight.the research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of self-control raises a troubling question. when we face too many tempta

39、tions, are we to fail? not necessarily. researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever completely exhausted. rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands. the right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-

40、control strength has been run down. high motivation might help overcome weaken willpower at least to a point.willpower may also be made less vulnerable（脆弱）to being exhausted in the first place. researchers who study self-control often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use

41、. but there is another aspect to the muscle comparison, they say. while muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strengthsthe evidence from willpower-exhausti

42、on studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions on new year's eve is the worst possible approach. being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas, so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time. in other words, dont try to quit smoking, adopt a healthy diet

43、 and start a new exercise plan at the same time. taking goals one by one is a better approach. once a good habit is in place, baumeister says, youll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. eventually healthy habits will become routine, and wont require making decisions at

44、all.32. from the studies in the passage we learn that .a. people have unlimited self-controlb. high motivation ensures one's successc. willpower is hardly completely exhaustedd. too many temptations often lead to failure【答案】c【解析】细节推理题。根据第三段researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever com

45、pletely exhausted. rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands.可知研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求节省的意志力。故选c。33. the underlined phrase “tap into” in paragraph 3 most probably means .a. make use of b. run out ofc. build d. increase【答案】a【解析】猜测词义题。句意：正确的动机使我们能够利用这些储备

46、，即使我们的自我控制能力已经被消耗殆尽，我们仍然可以继续前进。“tap into”指利用，与make use of同义，故选a。34. the author compares self control to muscles .a. to prove the long-term effect of willpowerb. to show the significance of regular exercisec. to argue that self-control can he easily used upd. to explain the benefits of practicing sel

47、f-control【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段while muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength.可知虽然肌肉在短期内会因运动而疲惫不堪，但长期而言，它们会通过经常锻炼而增强。同样规律的自我控制可以提高意志力。两者相比是为了说明同一个道理：长期

48、的锻炼和自我控制的好处，故选d。35. to develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer?a. “i will give up dessert and do exercise.”b. “i will set three goals this new semester.”c. “i will keep myself from any temptation.”d. “i will read an english novel every month.”【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段taking

49、goals one by one is a better approach. once a good habit is in place, youll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. eventually healthy habits will become routine, and wont require making decisions at all.可知作者认为一个接一个的目标是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再需要依靠意志力来维持自己的行为。最终健康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要

50、做任何决定。d项“i will read an english novel every month.”是先设立目标，然后成为好习惯，作者更喜欢这种目标。故选d。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 on december 22, 2016 i landed in the land of the “american dream.” _36_ here is one of the things ive struggled with during my almost one year in the

51、 states._37_ my uncle and aunt joked that i brought rain from saigon to america. saigon, where i come from, is the old name of ho chi minh city in vietnam. vietnam is a tropical country where it rains most of the year. before going to the u.s., actually, i had no idea what to expect about its weathe

52、r, but the big rain on my arrival gave me the first expectation of what the weather here might be like.california is known for having a great climate more sunshine, cooler in summer and warmer in winter. _38_ however, having been here for a pretty long while now, i have experienced various forms of

53、climate in california._39_ most of the time i was living in silicon valley, where the weather is a bit colder than where i study in orange county. but i was really surprised to find chill-to-the-bone weather in san francisco a big shift from silicon valley in only about an hours drive. how strange!_

54、40_ the worst is that i get n runny nose whenever i wake up in the morning. because i am allergic to the cold and windy weathers, i keep sneezing badly, and even more badly if i get caught in the cold. i think that my body needs more time to get used to this climate, but as many people said, i am lu

55、ckier to be in california where i dont have to fight with extreme weathers as in other stales.a. i am sensitive to weather change.b. such strange weather has affected my health.c. so the amount of rain this year is considered unusual.d. lax airport in california welcomed me with a big rain.e. so i q

56、uickly get used lo the unchangeable climate in california.f. the weather varies widely depending on where you are in the state.g. since then, i have discovered tons of dilemmas about life in america.【答案】36. g 37. d 38. c 39. f 40. b【解析】36. 根据空格后here is one of the things ive struggled with during my

57、almost one year in the states.提到自己到美国后遇到的一个困扰自己一年困难，可以判断出作者初到美国遇到很多困难。故选g。37. 根据空格后my uncle and aunt joked that i brought rain from saigon to america叔叔婶婶开玩笑说我把越南胡志明市的雨带到了美国，可以判断出作者到加州洛杉矶国际机场时，美国下雨了。故选d。38. 根据空格前california is known for having a great climate more sunshine, cooler in summer and warmer

58、 in winter.得知加州气候适宜-阳光充足，夏季凉爽，冬季温暖，可以判断出现在美国今年的雨量多的有点反常。故选c。39. 根据空格后most of the time i was living in silicon valley, where the weather is a bit colder than where i study in orange county. but i was really surprised to find chill-to-the-bone weather in san francisco a big shift from silicon valley in only about an hours drive. 得知这里举例仅有一个小时车