不定代词-中考整理复习

1、不定代词 不定代词不是指确定的对象,而且仅具有非确定特指含义,通常用作替代词.常用的不定代词有:all,each,every,both,either,neither,one, none,little,few, many,much,other,another,some, any,no,以及由some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.none none 在句中可以作主语在句中可以作主语, ,宾语及同位语宾语及同位语, ,但它不能作定语但它不能作定语. . -Are there any maps on the walll -Are there any maps on the walll?

2、 ? -None -None I like none of these books I like none of these booksnone of none of 后面只能接后面只能接可数名词复数可数名词复数, ,但谓语动词用单但谓语动词用单, ,复数均可复数均可, ,强调整体时谓语动词常用复数强调整体时谓语动词常用复数, ,强调个体时谓语动词强调个体时谓语动词常用单数常用单数. . None of these pictures are/is good. None of them like it. None of us has got a n.没有一个，没有一个， 毫无毫无N

3、one of us likes pollution. 没人喜欢污染。没人喜欢污染。注意注意: :回答回答how manyhow many或或how muchhow much问句时通常用问句时通常用nonenone回答回答. .-How many students are there in the -How many students are there in the classroom?classroom?-None.-None.-Who is in the classroom ?-Who is in the classroom ?-No one/Nobody-No one/NobodyNo

4、one 1)不与不与of连用；连用；2)谓语动词用单数；谓语动词用单数；3)只能指人，但不具只能指人，但不具体指什么人；体指什么人；4)一般用来回答一般用来回答who,及含及含anyone, anybody引起的引起的疑问句。疑问句。 None 1)可与可与of连用；连用；2)谓语动词用单或复数；谓语动词用单或复数；3)具体指什么人具体指什么人或物；或物；4)一般用来回答一般用来回答how many +n, how much +n及含及含any +n引起的疑问句。引起的疑问句。 Little,a little和few,a few Little few表示”很少,几乎没有,”a little,a

5、 few表示”有一些”. Little和a little后接不可数名词, few和a few后接可数名词复数.他们在句中可作主语,宾语和定语. I have a few books but I have few pencils. -Can you speak English? -Yes,I can speak a little. There is little water in the bottle,is there?当句子前面有only时,后面只能用a little和a few,即:only a few=very few(几乎没有几个),only a little=very little(几

6、乎没有,很少)He can speak only a little Chinese.some,any,no,everysome,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词组合的复合不定代词. .thing body onewhere someanyeverynosomethingsomebodysomeonesomewhereanythinganybodyanyoneanywhereeverythingeverybody everyoneeverywherenothingnobodynowherepron.没有人n.小人物，无足轻重的人pron.人人，每个人人人，每个人1.当形容词或else修

7、饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.I have something important to tell you.We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?2.everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物, 还可以和of短语连用.Everyone /Every one likes Mary.I have kept every one of her letters. 3 4教材P121some,any,no

8、,every组合的复合不定代词. 当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing 等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it. Everybody is here ,arent they? Everything is ready,isnt it?1. All “所有”,谈到三个或三个以上的人或物时以及在谈到不可数的事物时.当作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数形式;当作主语指物时,谓语动词用单数形式;当作定语时,它

9、既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词. All of us are interested in English. All is going well. They all went there and bought some books last week. He told me all about it.注意:All of us are not students.是”我们大家并不都是学生”之意.暗示:我们当中有一些是学生,有一些不是.句型Not all或为Allnot不完全否定句. 当all用作主语时,如果后面有人称代词,须在他们之间加上of,如果后面跟的是名词,他们之间可加of,也可不加.

10、All of them are from Beijing. All the students/All of the students have passed the exam.All的位置：当谓语动词是实义动词时，all放在动词前面；谓语动词是be时，放在be后面；当谓语动词是情态动词或助动词加实义动词时，放在他们之间。 They all know the answer. They are all women. They have all finished their homework. You can all come to see me again next Monday.当all用作人称

11、代词宾语的同位语时,all放在宾语后面.如:you all,them all us all.each 和every Each强调个体, every强调整体.可以用作主语,宾语及同位语, every只能作定语. Every student has got a new pen. Each teacher is wearing a hat today. We each have a new schoolbag now. He gave two to each of them.each 和every 均可作定语,后面的名词只能是单数可数名词,谓语动词只能用单数. each of后面必须接复数名词,但谓

12、语动词只能用单数形式. Each of the girls is good at English.every other day 每隔一天both,eitherboth,either 和和neitherneither both表示“两者都”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,可以构成bothand的句型 Both of us are doctors. You are both wrong. Both the students are American Both you and he are right.both of 的否定式是Neither of,Both of them come from Japa

13、n. Neither of them comes from Japan either表示两者中的任何一个,在句中可用作主语,宾语和定语,用作定语时后面只接单数名词. 1.-Would you like a cup of tea or a glass of water? -Either will do.2. There are many trees on either side of the river. either 可以构成eitheror,表示或者或者,要么要么 Either Tom or Jack will stay at home tommow.either还可以作副词,意为”也”,用

14、在否定句中. Neither 表示两者都不,在句中可作主语,宾语和定语,作定语时只能接单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数. 1.Neither of the students is fifteen. 2. -Do you know Jack and Tom? -No,I know neither of them. 3. -What about the two books? -Neither book is interesting.neithernor表示既不也不,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与后面的名词或代词一致.bothand的否定式是Neithernor,Neither you nor s

15、he speaks Japanese.Both Mr.Li and Mrs.Zhang are OK.Neither Mr.Li nor Mrs.Zhang is OK.Little,a little和few,a few Little few表示”很少,几乎没有,”a little,a few表示”有一些”. Little和a little后接不可数名词, few和a few后接可数名词复数.他们在句中可作主语,宾语和定语. I have a few books but I have few pencils. -Can you speak English? -Yes,I can speak a

16、 little. There is little water in the bottle,is there?当句子前面有only时,后面只能用a little和a few,即:only a few=very few(几乎没有几个),only a little=very little(几乎没有,很少)He can speak only a little Chinese.other 和another Other”别的,其他的”.当它前面有定冠词时,后面跟一个单数或复数名词,当它前面没有定冠词时,后面必须跟复数名词. This seat is free,the other seat is taken. She always thinks of other people and never thinks of herself Another 意思是”另外一个,再一个”, another前面不能用定冠词the,它作为限定词与单数名词连用,但它后面跟基数词或few时,后面的名词必须用复数. Please give me another umbrella. This one is too old. We need another ten chairs. We need another few days before I finish this book