2019学年湖南衡阳八中高二上第一次月考英语卷【含答案及解析】

1、2019学年湖南衡阳八中高二上第一次月考英语卷【含答案及解析】姓名_班级_分数_题号-二二三四五六总分得分、阅读理解1. Researchers from France and Italy discovered that Can adia n pare nts are less strict with theirchildren than mothers and fathers in France and Italy.“ Our most importa nt finding was the differe nee betwee n Can adia ns and the others ,”

2、said Professor Michel Claes , the lead author of thestudy. “ Can adia ns focus on in depe ndence and n egotiati on . On the other hand , Italia ns , forexample , exercise more con trol . We found Can adia ns seem to focus on n egotiati on in case ofa con flict.”Claes said Can ada , France and Italy

3、were selected for the study because they share importa ntcultural and social factors.“ We chose Fre nch-Ca nadia nsbecause they share the same Ian guage as France , and origi nally came from France and sharecertain values. Italy was included because it was consideredto have similar , strong and impo

4、rtant family values，” he explained.The researchers examined the emotional ties between parents and their childre n by questi oning1,256 stude nts aged 11 to 19 years old.Can adia n stude nts reported less con trol and more free actions , accord ing to the study . Italia npare nts were stricter and F

5、rench pare nts were somewhere in the middle.Claes explains that the differences lie in education in Canada , France and Italy.“ North America has its o wn educati onal values , which promote individualization . Toleranceand comprehension are encouraged . Italy , on the other hand , promotes respect

6、of authority , control , and the n eed for permission.” he said.Childre n from all three coun tries described their mothers as warm andcom muni cative . Italia n and Can adia n childre n had similar feeli ngs about their fathers , andreported high levels of emotional ties . But Frenchfathers were ge

7、nerally thought by their children to be more distant and cold.“ We were surprised by this , ” Claes admitted. “ It seems as though the relationships betweenFrench mothers and their children were becoming closer over time , while fathers maintain a form ofdistance and coldness , which is more of a so

8、urce of co nflict in France than in the other countries.1._ Professor MichelClaes believes that Canada , France and Italy _ .A have the same family spiritB have some similar cultural traditionsC have experienced some similar social changesD have experienced similar cultural developments2.How did the

9、 researchers carry out the study?ABy collecting answers of parents from Canada , France and Italy.B By collecting answers of children from Canada , France and Italy. C By questioning parents andtheir children from Italian Canadian families.D By questioning children from French-Canadian families.3.Ac

10、cording to Michel Claes , what mainly leads to the differences in parent-childrenrelationships among Canada , France and Italy?A Educational opportunities.B Traditional ideas.C Educational values.D Historical events.2.When looking at Western Europe , we don t usually think about poverty but in fact

11、, somepeople in modern - day Britain are so hard up that they can t afford t o buy food .Back in 2008 , t he financial crisis caused a lot of unemployment . Then there were the cuts to thewelfare system in 2013 which added to the problem and many British people fell into debt . Its estimated that 50

12、0 , 000people in the UK have turned to food banks , just to get by .Steph Hagen , who works in a Nottingham food bank , says：“ People do notgo to a food bank because its an open door . It s a case where they go toit because they need to . With our food bank we are an independent one ,and we have lim

13、ited stocks everyone who comes through our door has no”income . ”There are checks to make sure nobody is abusing the system . If a doctor ora social worker thinks someone needs to use a food bank even for a shorttime they can give them vouchers（凭证） . Then the people in need takethem along to the foo

14、d bank and they get handouts for three days .Churches and individual donors provide most of the food in the banks . Butsome businesses might help out too .And what sort of food is offered in food banks? Hagen says：“ Basically ,we ve got porridge . We do occasionally get fresh produce but it s veryra

15、re , especially in the winter months . It s like tinned fruit , tinned ready meals . We have to giveout no -cooking food parcels because peoplecan t afford the gas and electricity” .Community spirit has a lot to do with food banks . Volunteers say they are a great meeting place forpeople who are lon

16、ely and depressed . And when facing a crisis , some beneficiaries might need tofeed not only their belly butalso their soul .1. According to the text , the food bank is a place _ .A which is funded by the governmentB where people can get food randomlyC which helps poor people live through crisisD wh

17、ere there is enough food supplies2. What does the underlined word“them” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A Systems _B Doctors C Social workers D Vouchers 3. Why do food banks mainly offer“ no - cooking ”food?A Poor people have no money for gas and electricity .BThe volunteers hate to supply cooked food .CFoo

18、d banks can t afford cooked food .D This kind of food is easy to store .4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A Community spirit can cure those who are depressed .B Food banks benefit poor people mind and body .C People can have great fun in food banks .D Volunteers tend to feel lonely and de

19、pressed in food banks .3. I ve often wondered how exactly sleep, or lack of it, can have such an awful effect on ourbodies and, guess what, how much we sleep switches good genes（ 基因 ） on and had genes off.In the first half of 2013, the Sleep Research Centre at the University ofSurrey found a direct

20、link between hours spent sleeping and genes. Every cellin our bodies carries genetic instructions in our DNA that act as a kind of operating handbook.However, each cell only“reads ” the part of thishandbook it needs at any given moment.Can sleep affect how a gene reads instructions? It s a question

21、asked byProfessor Derk-Jan Dijk at the University of Surrey. He set up an experiment and asked hisvolunteers to spend a week sleeping around seven and a half hours to eight hours a night and thenext sleeping six and a half to seven hours.Blood samples were taken each week to compare which genes in b

22、lood cells were being usedduring the long and short nights. The results were rather surprising. Several hundred geneschanged in the amount they were being used, including some that are linked to heart disease,cancer, and Type 2 diabetes. Genes to do with cell repair and replacement were used much le

23、ss.Sleep restriction（six and a half to seven hours a night） changed 380 genes.Of these, 220 genes were down regulated （their power was increased）. Those affected includedbody-clock genes which are linked to diabetes（糖尿病 ）. Oneof the most downgraded genes is that which has a role in controlling insul

24、in（ 胰岛素 ）and is linkedto diabetes and insomnia（失眠 ）. The mostupgraded gene is linked to heart disease.So changing sleep by tiny amounts can upgrade or downgrade genes that can influence our healthand the diseases we suffer from when we sleep too little.The important message is that getting close to

25、eight hours of sleep a night can make a dramaticdifference to our health in just a few days through the way it looks after our genes.1.What kind of relation is directly discussed in the passage?A. Sleeping hours and changes of genes.B. Sleeping hours and diseases.C. Changes of genes and diseases.D.

26、Genes and health.2.What can we learn about Professor Derk-Jan Kijk s experiment?A.The experiment was carried out to find the answer to how genes affect sleep.B. The experiment took a period of more than two weeks to reach a conclusion.C.His volunteers were divided into two groups with two different

27、sleeping patterns.D.Blood samples of the volunteers were checked afterwards to decide how many genes changedin sleeping.3.Which of the following may be concluded from the passage?A. The experiment was performed at the University of Surrey in early 2013.B.Body-clock genes are associated with heart di

28、sease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes.C.Sleep restrictions may contribute to disease like diabetes, insomnia, and heart disease.D. 7.5 8 hours sleep pattern makes little difference compared with 6.57 hours sleep pattern.4.Which of the following can be inferred from the findings of the sleep research?A.W

29、hen there is a sleep restriction, genes to do with cell repair and replacement function less.B.In a sleep, several hundred genes change in the amount. The more changes, the worse results.C.When genes are up regulated, they do good to health; when genes are down regulated , theydo harm to health.D.Ei

30、ght hours of sleep a day can be beneficial to our health in that it looks after our genes.4. The oceans are unique to our planet. No other planet in our solar system has liquid water. Theoceans cover about 70% of the earths surface. They contain about 97% of the earths water supply.Life on earth ori

31、ginated in the seas. The oceans continue to be home to an incredible number ofplants and animals.We know very little about the oceans. Because they are so deep and dark, they are hard to study.But scientists are discovering new strange creatures all the time. We are learning more by usingsatellites

32、to look at the oceans surfaces and by using buoys （航标 ） to measure temperatureand saltiness.Special vehicles can now travel deep into the dark oceans to see what mysteries can be discovered.More of the suns heat is assimilated by water along the equator than at the poles. This means thewater at the

33、equator is warmer than water at the poles. These different water temperatures causethe water in the oceans to move. This is called an ocean current.The air above ocean currents also moves. The warm or cold ocean air moves over the land as wind.Oceans are also a really important part of the water cyc

34、le. Evaporation （蒸发 ） from oceanscreates most of the worlds rainfall.Plants on land need the rain to absorb nutrients from the soil.The oceans are also home to all kinds of sea life. These include fish, whales, dolphins, octopi,lobsters, crabs and shrimps. There are also jellyfish and starfish. Many

35、 kinds of plants, such asplankton, kelp and sea grass are part of the forest of the seafloor.Carbon dioxide in-oxygen out! Oceans help to capture and store carbon dioxide（C02）. They arethe largest natural carbon sinks in the world. Oceans trap about 1/4 of the CO2 that humans putinto the air. Oceans

36、 also release oxygen. Half of the worlds oxygen is produced by these tinyplants!1.What does the author think of oceans?A. They are amazing.B. They are common.C. They are boundless. D. They are unimaginable.【小题 2 To know more about the mysterious oceans, _ .A. scientists use satellites in the oceansB

37、. scientists are discovering new strange creaturesC. scientists are using satellites to monitor the depth of oceansD. scientists are introducing scientific equipment in the research2.What does the underlined word assimilated mean in the passage? A. Taken in .B. Given off.C. Cut down. D. Held back.3.

38、It can be inferred from the passage that _ .A. oceans produce much carbon dioxideB. it is not safe to live by the oceansC. oceans provide humans with rich resourcesD. humans can only depend on oceans for water二、七选五5.根据短文内容 ,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。What attitude would you have to disappoin

39、tments in life? 1. Find out how a chair , a pair ofsunglasses and other items can hold unexpected promise for controlling your anger .1 . Take A Seat Right NowTheres a reason you ve probably never gotten into an angry state of mind from a chair . WRobert Nay , a clinical professor , says ,“Ou r brai

40、nsbecome conditioned to associate sitting and lying down with feeling relaxed .2.Sitting down , Nay says , sends a message of safety and security to your brain .2 . Don t Get Mad , Get OrganizedA study of nearly 11,000 subjects in 42 countries found that the key to hold back anger is preventingit in

41、 the first place . Spending a few minutes every morning to map out your day will go far in loweringanger and anxiety levels . The theory ： 3.3 . Keep Your Cool With A Pair Of ShadesResearch in the journal Cognition & Emotion （情绪） found that whenpeople walk in direct sun without sunglasses ,

42、the light causes them to feeldepressed . Those who walked unshaded against the rays had increased aggressiveness scores .Study co-author Daniele Marzoli suggests seeking shade during heated exchanges ：“ 4. ”4 . Handle anger in a sensible wayWe are busy working all day as if running a car on the high

43、 way . But remember： remind yourselfto brake at any time in case of sudden crash . When youre in anger , say to yourself, “ Why amI angry? Is it necessary?”Whenattention is transferred（ 转移 ） , blind emotion will be controlled 5. A Dont be an angry bird .B Well begun is half done .C It s useful to ha

44、ndle problems .D You re suddenly a crazy angry person .E That s why it s so easy to fall asleep on an airplane .F Effective time management keeps you on track , avoiding stress .G Compared outdoor , indoor conversations have more friendly interactions .三、完形填空6.完形填空，阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中,选

45、出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Stealing? I guess we were stealing. But in our 13-year-old brains the matter of ownershipoccurred to us. We just wanted to _ somestrawberries in Mr Jordan s backyard. So we w ent _ into hisbackyard.When we started _ his strawberries, all of a sudden Mr Jordan cameoutside.“ What are you

46、 boys doing out here?” he _ and tried to grab oneor two as my friends rushed past him, but they were too _ for theolder gentleman to seize, and all the boys except me disappeared within seconds.Speed was never my _ . So I could just stand there and _whatever punishment would surely come my way from

47、Mr Jordan.He marched me to my house and my mother criticized me. My friends gathered to celebrate their_ and observe my capture. They _ me aboutit for days afterwards, while all I could do was complain to my father about howit was.“I don t think so,” Dad said. “You got the punishment you _ .”“But wh

48、at about other guys? ” I asked.Dad said, “You can t _ what happens to other people. You can only_ what happens to you. You picked Mr Jordan s strawberries thatnight , and you were punished for it. To me, that is completely fair. ”Then I couldn t _ my father s words. _ through the yearsI knew what he

49、 talked about. We didn t come to earth with a _that life would treat us fairly.Like Dad said, the _ thing we can actually _ is whathappens to us. How we choose to respond to what happens to us is truly the_ by which the quality of our lives will be measured whether or notwe think it happens fairly.1

50、. A.never B.ever C.often D.sometimes2. A.see B.plant C.pick D.water3. A.carelessly B.sadly C.secretly D.calmly4. A.harvesting B.destroying C.treating D.facing5. A.smiled B.shouted C.doubted D.added6. A.stupid B.quick C.kind D.tall7. A.character B.luck C.choice D.strength8. A.deny B.judge C.admit D.a

51、ccept9. A.escape B.unit C.life D.holiday10. A.helped B.teased C.blamed D.supported11. A.illegal B.impractical C.unfair D.unnecessary12. A.deserved B.observed C.wanted D.imagined13. A.ignore B.expect C.conclude D.control14. A.face B.lead C.devote D.refuse15. A.mark B.improve C.understand D.discuss16.

52、 A.And B.Or C.So D.But17. A.guarantee B.direction C.question D.form18. A.common B.obvious C.only D.easy19. A.look at B.deal with C.dream of D.take away20. A.standard B.view C.value D.purpose四、语法填空7. 语法填空 ， 阅读下面材料 ,在空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确 形式。A father is very worried about his son , _ 1. acts li

53、ke a coward.So his father paid a visit to the master and 2. (ask) him to train his son.The master said, “ I promise Ill be able to train your child 3. a real man in three months. ”Three months later, his father came 4. (pick) the child. The master arranged a match between thechild 5. his coach to sh

54、ow the three-month training result.At Round One, the child 6. (knock) down and fell to the ground. He stood up to meet the challenge.But he was knocked down again, and once again he stood up to fight. this was repeated six times.The master asked his father,“ D o you think your childs 7. (perform)is

55、that of a man? ” The father said,“ I feelashamed for 8.！ Inever expected that he would be so weak after three months 9.(train). ” The master said , “ I dont agree with you, and I regret that you only see _ 10. surface ofthings. You have not seen the courage and perseverance in your son. This is the

56、very spirit of a man！ ”五、短文改错8.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。Have you ever had a headache during a test? Have you ever be

57、en too worried about something thatyou have a headache or even can t sleep at night? If so,then you know that stress is.Not all stress is bad for you. Some kinds of stress can help you get things do better, like when youare running towards the finishing line or when you are being asked to give a spe

58、ech to your class.Stress sometimes can help push you to make full preparation for a test. However, too much stresscan result in anger, depression and other related problems, which we need to take serious.There are many things in our life what might cause stress having toomuch homework, taking a diff

59、icult test, and having economic problems.It s impossible to live in a life completely free of stress, so you shouldlearn to deal with stress. The best way reduce stress is to have a balance life. If you get enoughsleep, eat properly, take more exercise and haveenough fun time, you ll probably feel l

60、ess stressed.六、书面表达9.书面表达假设你是李华，你校英文报“ My Point of View ”一栏拟刊登“家庭与孩子成长”有关 的内容。现在很多家庭只有一个孩子，这样的环境对孩子的成长是否有利？如果一个家庭 可以有两个孩子，那对孩子的成长又有什么样的利弊？请你就这个话题给校报编辑写一封 信，谈谈你的看法。注意：1. 词数 100 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Editor,With the implementing of family planning policy, most families have only one chi