英语语音知识与发音练习 学生版

1、6语音外国人说英语与中国人说汉语运气的方式与位置不一样。外国人说英语很有力道，气一般都提起来了，大致在胸腔附近。而中国人说汉语则很少提气，把气一般都放在腹腔以下，所以感觉外国人说话声音相对很饱满，有种用“美声”说话的感觉，而中国人则不然。这点是大家在说英语时应特别感受和注意的。音标1.易混音标：i:i    长音发得不够长，短音发得不够短。如：ship-sheep; shit-sheetæe     嘴形大小不到位。如：pat-pet; bad-bedeai；:au    单元音发得不

2、够短，双元音发得不够饱满。如：press-price; smell-smile; soft-sauce-southie    容易发音不清楚，将其区别弱化或忽略。如：really-rarely; beer-bearwv    嘴形不到位。如：wave; vote; vowel;very wellr    容易与汉语拼音混淆。如：garage; mirror; measurezð   注意舌头的具体位置，多加练习。2.特殊发音规律：1）听力中的元音æ。a:在美音中常演

3、变成ar、æ两个音。例：ar: far  dark  march  hard  mark  start  parkæ: last  fast  master  glass  class  cant2) 听力中的元音长短问题。试比较beach和bitch的区别。前者中i:和后者中的i是很多人经常读错的，除此之外还有u:和u的区别，如说“我吃饱了”：“Im full”,别不小心读成了“Im fool”(我是个蠢货)。例： sheet  shit；leave &

4、#160;live；seat  sit；leap  lip；pull  pool3) 元音在口语中的变化(尤其在美音中)。通常在口语中有“O”字母发的单词常被发作音。例： box  fox  bottle  god  job4) 辅音与汉语拼音中声母的比较。在英语中有bpm等，汉语中也有。英语中叫辅音，而汉语中叫声母。汉语声母后面总是有韵母出现，所以从来没有声母单独发音的情况。可是英语辅音是压迫出声的，气流冲破感要强得多，如果我们仍用发声母的习惯去发英语辅音，那么会有“波”“泼”“摸”之类的音出现，cat会发成“凯特”，bo

5、ok会发成“布克”等等。这就是明显的中式英语，所以应特别注意英语辅音中发音时的气流冲破感。5) “r”字母卷舌的标志例： red   read   fire   warm   yesterday   wrap   worry  etc.6) 摩擦音、和辅音连缀tr、dr，对于这些音标，应当重点注意其嘴形和牙齿的位置。 : birds  beds  goods        &#

6、160;  : students  boots  lots: church  which  watch       : judge  jam  joy  jointr: tree  travel try  truth      dr: dream  dress  dry  drive  朗读技巧连读 ：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。

7、连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重，也不可吞音。(连读符号：)(1)“辅音+元音”型连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglish boy.I calledyou halfanhourago.Itisanold book.Putiton, please.Let me havea lookatit.Notatall.Ms. Black worked inanoffice yesterday.Please pickitup. (2)“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以

8、-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。Theyre my fatherand mother.Hereis a letter for you.I looked forit hereand there.Hereare foureggs.Thereis a football underit.But whereis my cup?Thereare some books on the desk.Whereare your brotherand sister?但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。The b

9、lack clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。Thankyou.                     Nice to meetyou.Didyou get there lateagain

10、?      Wouldyou likea cupof tea？Couldyou help me, please?“音的同化”常把/d/+/j/读成/d/，did you听上成了/didu/，would you成了/wudu/，could you成了/kudu/。 (4)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。Isit ahat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）Thereisa good book in my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读）Can you

11、 speakEnglish or French? （English与or之间不可以连读）Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读）She opened the door and walkedin. （door与and之间不可以连读） 失去爆破6个爆破音有3对：/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。(1) 叠合音型与“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音

12、会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。1）bad desk  good day  deep pond  black coffee  keep pace  like candy  You ate too much.   I dont know what to do.   My friend did it.Grab Bob and get him for me!   He wears a fresh shirt.A big gam

13、e was played between the two parties.2）The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.Were going to work on a farm n

14、ex(t) Tuesday.What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?Its a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day.You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.I bought a chea(p) book, but its a goo(d) book. (2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/w/，/t/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。Goo(d) morni

15、ng, Mr. Bell.Goo(d) morning, dear.Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don(t) know.The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao. 重音问题： 1）      no

16、un              verb  import(进口)        import(向进口)          export(出口)            export(

17、向出口)          present(礼物)           present(出席、赠与)          record(唱片)            record(录唱片、作记录) &#

18、160;        object(实物)            object(反对) 2）      drama(戏剧)            universe(宇宙)        b

19、iography(传记)dramatic(戏剧化的)   universal(全球的)   biographical(传记体的)Read and practise1.A thousand times no!2.It is not a big deal!3.How about eating out?4. Stay away from him.5.Its up in the air.6.Dont make up a story.7.Give a lark to catch a kite.8.You piss me off.（你拿我开涮呢！）9.Get out

20、a my life!   10.You ask for it!(你自找麻烦、活该！)11.Youre just a good for nothing bum.(无业游民)12.For here or to go?  13.Shes such a brown-nose.14.Did you come up with any ideas? 1.       We have anEnglish friend. 2.     

21、;  They looked forit hereand there. 3.       bla (ck) board, foo (t) ball, ke (p) t 4.       a bi(g) car 5.       I didn'(t) say so 6.       a grea(t)

22、change 7.       a bi(t) more expensive 8.       ImanEnglish boy. 9.       Itisanold book. 10.   Let me havea lookatit. 11.   Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday

23、. 12.   I calledyou halfanhourago. 13.   Putiton, please. 14.   Notatall. 15.   Please pickitup. 16.   Theyre my fatherand mother. 17.   I looked forit hereand there. 18.   Thereis a foo(t)ball u

24、nderit. 19.   Thereare some books on the desk. 20.   Hereis a letter for you. 21.   Hereare foureggs. 22.   But whereis my cup? 23.   Whereare your brotherand sister? 24.   Thankyou. 25.   Nice t

25、o meetyou. 26.   Didyou get there lateagain? 27.   Wouldyou likea cupof tea? 28.   Couldyou help me, please? 29.   Iam Chinese. 30.   Heis very friendly to me. 31.   She wants to studyEnglish. 32. 

26、60; Howand why didyou come here? 33.   She can't carryit. 34.   Itll take you threehours to walk there. 35.   The question is tooeasy for him to answer. 36.   Isita hat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读） 37.   Thereisa good book in

27、 my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读） 38.   Can you speakEnglish or French? （English与or之间不可以连读） 39.   Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读） 40.   She opened the door and walkedin. （door与and之间不可以连读） 41.   The girl in

28、 the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike . 42.   The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is fullof people. 43.   Wha(t) time does he getup every morning? 44.   This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car. 45.   The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.

29、0;46.   Were going to workona farm nex(t) Tuesday. 47.   What wouldyou like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee? 48.   Its a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day. 49.   You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden. 50.   I bought a chea(p)

30、 book, but its a goo(d) book. 51.   Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell. 52.   Goo(d) morning, dear. 53.   Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema. 54.   I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night. 55.   Doyou know his bi(ke)

31、 number? -Sorry, I don(t) know. 56.   The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult. 57.   lookaround 58.   3 yearsago 59.   notatall, halfanhour, I loveyou andall. afterall 60.   Thatwill do. 61.   Iam sure I

32、can finishit nextweek. 62.   Whatis betweenus? 63.   Canyou read this tongue twister? 64.   Itwill be enough if we could have twenty dollars. 65.   I am ugly, bu(t) I am gentle. 66.   They said bu(t) they didnt doit. 67.

33、   She is tired bu(t) happy. 68.   Last bu(t) not least, treasure the time. 69.   Ill do anything bu(t) that. 70.   The work is halffinished.  71.   Are they going to take it withthem?  72.   Look at those blackcard

34、s. 73.   We saw a biggap. 74.   GiveVicky a job. 75.   Which isher handbag? 76.   a lotof work 77.   as soonas possible 78.   the dogoutside 79.   Tellusallaboutit.  80.   Imafraid

35、 hesout. 81.   She is going to majorinEnglish.  82.   Are you going to buy some moreeggs?  83.   Dont go out aftereight.  84.   Would you like to shareit?  85.   Theyre new to work afterall.  86.   lastyear 87.   Can you (+w) ask him why?  88.   May I (+w) ask you question?