主谓一致(参考)

1、1. 由由and连接的并列成分指的是连接的并列成分指的是同一概念同一概念，一个人的双重身份一个人的双重身份或或匹配出现的事物匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数时谓语动词为单数，由，由and连接的两个连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时，谓并列成分表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。语动词用复数。 The worker and writer is from Beijing. (那个工人兼作家那个工人兼作家) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家)Bread and butter is a daily foo

2、d in the West.Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada. 常见的由常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread 针线针线salt and water盐和水盐和水the folk and knife 刀叉刀叉 iron and steel 钢铁钢铁time and tide 岁月岁月2. everyone of one of each of either of neither of+复数名词作主语，谓语用复数名词作主语，谓语用单数单数。 Each

3、 of the students has a book. Each of the girls likes dancing. One of them has been abroad. Neither of the two boys is good at English.one of复数名词定语从句复数名词定语从句结构结构如果如果one前面没有限定词前面没有限定词，这个句型中的，这个句型中的“复数名词复数名词”是先行词，是先行词，定语从句的谓语定语从句的谓语动词用复数；动词用复数；如果如果one前面有前面有the only, the first, the last, the right等限定词修饰

4、等限定词修饰，则，则one是先行词，是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。定语从句的谓语动词用单数。John is the only one of the students who has the keys.John is one of the students who have the keys.3. more than one, many a + 单数名词单数名词作主语，意义上是复数，谓语动词常作主语，意义上是复数，谓语动词常用单数。用单数。(形单意复形单意复)More than one student has tried.Many a student and teacher is watc

5、hing the football match.Many a man has died in the war.4. each/every/no/many a + 单数名词单数名词 and each/every/no/many a + 单数名词单数名词 作主语，谓语动词用单数。作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Each book and each paper is foundin its place. Every boy and every girl has the rightto receive education. Many a boy and many a girl has seenthese p

6、ainting. Every hour and minute is important.第二个第二个each, every, no, many a可以省略。可以省略。5. a+ +单数名词单数名词+ +and a half, , a+ +单数名词单数名词+ +or two 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 A year and a half has passed. A day or two is enough.one or two +复数名词复数名词, one and a half +复数名词复数名词作主语，谓语作主语，谓语用复数。用复数。One or two boys k

7、now it.One and a half months have passed since I saw him.A month and a half has passed since I saw him. none of.结构作主语结构作主语指代不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数；指代不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数；指代复数名词作主语，强调全体，谓语指代复数名词作主语，强调全体，谓语用复数更好一些；用复数更好一些；着重个别，则用单数较好。着重个别，则用单数较好。None of the money is yours.None of us havehas ever been abroad.6. all,

8、 none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，等不定代词作主语，根根 据其指代的内容而定。据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 7. “a number of复数名词复数名词”作主语，作主语， 谓语用复数谓语用复数; “许多许多” “the number of复数名词复数名词”作主语，作主语，谓语用单数谓语用单数。“的数量的数量”The number of traffic accidents has increased.A number of children like this song.the quantity

9、of + 复数名词或不可数名词，复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用单数谓语用单数。a quantity of +复数名词复数名词,谓语用复数谓语用复数。 a quantity of +不可数名词不可数名词,谓语用单数谓语用单数.quantities of + 复数名词或不可数名词，复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用复数。谓语用复数。Quantities of tea were sold last month.A large quantity of beer was sold out. The quantity of books in the library is amazing. 8. Quantity/

10、ies of +名词复数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词9. population 做主语指人口做主语指人口,谓语用单数；谓语用单数；指人的行为、居民等，谓语常用复数；指人的行为、居民等，谓语常用复数；分数分数/百分数百分数+ of the population做主语，谓做主语，谓语用复数。语用复数。The population of the village is 538.One third of the population here are workers.10. the Olympic Games, the Asian Games 做主语，谓语用复数。做主语，谓语用复数。The Olymp

11、ic Games are held every four years.谓语动词要和谓语动词要和 of 之之后的名词保持一致后的名词保持一致。 11.Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.Forty-five percent of the doctors were women.Only 40 pe

12、rcent of the students in the class are boys.12. 集体名词集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, majority, crew, audience, government, public, group, committee等作主语。等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers.The committee was m

13、ade up of 10 members.The committee were in the hall. This class consists of 45 students. Mr. Green teaches it This class are all diligent. Mr. Green teaches them.The team is the best in the league这个队在联赛中打得最好。这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths足球队队员们在洗澡。足球队队员们在洗澡。 1His family _ a small on

14、e2His family _ fat and short A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is 此题应选此题应选 。family是一个集合名词，是一个集合名词，具有单数具有单数(侧重指整体侧重指整体)和复数和复数(侧重指侧重指个体个体)两种可能。两种可能。但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法：两种用法： 1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数不可数)：clothing衣服，衣服，poetry 诗歌，诗歌，baggageluggage 行李，行李，furniture家俱，家俱，sce

15、nery 景色等。景色等。 2. 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不但不用复数形式用复数形式)：people人，人，police警察，警察，cattle牲口等。牲口等。3. goods, clothes, glasses, shoes, scissors及及trousers, chopsticks, compasses等以等以复数形式出现的名词作主语，谓语用复复数形式出现的名词作主语，谓语用复数；数；4. news, politics, maths, physics, plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语，谓语用单数

16、。语，谓语用单数。The goods belong to Mr. Wang.No news is good news.My trousers are new.13. “theadj./v-ed/v-ing”作主语作主语 the + dying, young, old, blind, rich, sick, wounded, poor及及dead等词，等词，相相当于复数名词，代表整个类别，故作当于复数名词，代表整个类别，故作主语时谓语用复数。主语时谓语用复数。The old in China are living a happy life.The wounded have been saved.

17、The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.14. 表示表示时间、距离、钱额、重量、空间、时间、距离、钱额、重量、空间、体积体积等意义的复数名词作主语，谓语动等意义的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数。词常用单数。 Eight hours of sleep is enough. A hundred miles is a long distance. Ten pounds was missing from my pocket. Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 15

18、. 动名词、不定式、从句做主语动名词、不定式、从句做主语1).单个动名词或不定式作主语，谓语单个动名词或不定式作主语，谓语用单数。用单数。 Making speeches is not her strong point.Growing flowers needs constant watering.2). 由由and连接的两个连接的两个(或多个或多个)动名词或动名词或不定式作主语不定式作主语 如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似，谓语用单数；或相似，谓语用单数； 如果语义不一致，则谓语用复数。如果语义不一致，则谓语用复数。Lying and stealing

19、are not right.To love and to be loved is sweet to me.Weeping and wailing does nothing towards solving the problem.3). 由由that, where, when, whether, how等等词引导的名词性从句作主语，主句的谓词引导的名词性从句作主语，主句的谓语常用单数形式。语常用单数形式。How they can finish their work is still unknown.Where we will go has not been decided.When and wh

20、ere to hold the meeting _ not decided.When to hold the meeting and where to have lunch _ not decided.isare4.) 由由what引导的名词性从句作主语引导的名词性从句作主语，谓语一般用单数谓语一般用单数(表语是复数时也可用表语是复数时也可用复数复数)；如果如果what从句是带有复数意义的并列从句是带有复数意义的并列结构，主句的谓语用复数。结构，主句的谓语用复数。What they are after is money.What we want areis promises.What he s

21、ays and (what he) does do not agree.16. Not only he but also I am invited. I or his brothers were to blame.Neither I nor he is to attend the meeting.Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.Not only I but Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. (89)A.

22、is B. are C. am D. be析析: 由由“or, eitheror, neithernor, notbut, not only but also”连接连接两个并列主语时，动词与靠近的主两个并列主语时，动词与靠近的主语保持一致。语保持一致。17.当当 there be/ here be 句型的主语是一句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。持一致。 1. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 2. There are twenty boy-students an

23、d twenty-three girl-students in the class. 3. Here is a letter and a book for you.4. There are three chairs, two tables and a bike in the house.主语后跟主语后跟结构时，谓语动词一般和前结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。面的主语保持一致。 1. The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.2. Tom, as much as you, was responsible for

24、the loss. 3. He more than you is anxious to go there.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a giftA. is offered B. has offeredC. are offered D. have offeredWe Chinese _ a hard-working peopleA. is B. are C. is being D. are being此题应选此题应选 。这里应注意的是：我们。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语通常说的是主谓一致（即

25、谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。 These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim The planets were the object of his study The most important thing I need is books The countrys leading export is watches1.The best part of the m

26、eal is the coffee and cookies但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数两种可能，它的谓语到底用单数还是复两种可能，它的谓语到底用单数还是复数，要看具体的语境（多数情况是看其数，要看具体的语境（多数情况是看其后面词语的单复数）：后面词语的单复数）：1 aWho is your brother？bWho are your brothers？2 aWhat he said is quite correctbWhat he left me are only a few old books1. _ you or he the teacher of

27、English? Neither my sister nor my mother _ present at the meeting. A. Are, was B. Is, were C. Are, are D. Is, is 2. When and where to build the new factory_ yet. (91) A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided析析: 当当when和和where加不定式指的是加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。同一件事时，谓语动词用单数

28、。 A3. I, not you, _ in the wrong. Not I but he _ been invited. A. were, have B. were, has C. was, has D. was, have4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. (99 Sh2) A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play5. One or two days _ enough to see the city A. i

29、s B. are C. am D. be6. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind A. is B. are C. am D. be7. Not the teacher, but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film A. is B. are C. am D. be8. His “Selected Poems” _ first published in 1965. 78 A. were B. was C. has

30、been D. have been9. A woman with some children _ soonA. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come10. No one except my parents _ anything about this。A. know B. knows C. is known D. are knownNo one knows anything about this except my parents.11. The teacher as well as the students _ the book al

31、ready A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading12. All but one _ in the accident A. was killed B. were killed C. will be killed D. are killed All were killed in the accident but one.13.The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; wasB

32、. was; was C. was; wereD. were; were14. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. 99sh A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are15. Mathematics _ the language of science. A. is B. are going to be C. are D. were16. A good deal of money _ spent on boo

33、ks. 83 A. have B. has C. have been D. has been17. On the wall _ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging8518. “_turn green in spring. 86 A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves 19. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 20. All but one _ here just now.

34、A. is B. was C. has been D. were21. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. 01 sh A. number; hasB. quantity; has C. number; haveD. quantity; have22. Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who _ to visit the museum _ asked to be at the school gate bef

35、ore 6:30 in the morning. A. are; areB. is; is C. are; isD. is; are1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; haveB精析：a large number of 后面要接复数名词，所以A不能作为答案。因为desert是单数，所以要填 has。这句话的意思是“毁坏森林的结果是，大片沙漠覆盖了陆

36、地”答案 B2. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, areC精析: 分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词表示.如果分子大于1, 分母序数词后加-s. 分数和百分比作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后面的名词.句子中的主语 land是单数,所以谓语动词要用is covered. 答案C.3 - Each of the students, working hard at

37、 his or her lessons, _ to go to university. - So do I. A. hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hopeA精析：这句话的主语是 Each of the students，是单数，所以要 hopes 选作谓语。现在分词短语working hard at his or her lessons 作状语，表示伴随的情况。有的考生盲目地把 lessons 当成了主语，填写了hope，发生了错误。本题的译文：每一个努力学习的学生都想上大学。我也是。答案 A。4. _ people in the world are sendin

38、g information by e-mail every day. A. Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many millionA精析: 在million前如果有具体的数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。 many一般不与 million等词连用. 表示“数百万”，英语为 millions of。这句话的意思是“每天，世界上有几十万人通过 e-mail传递信息。”答案 A。5.The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ abs

39、ent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; wereC6. The number of students in this school _ by 5% every year. A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises the number of+复数可数名词作主语，表示的数目(数量)，谓语动词用单数；a number of+复数可数名词作主语，表示许多，谓语动词用复数。C7. A good deal of money _ spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has beenD9. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offeredA10. E-mail, as well as telep