高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day20

1、高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练 Day 20Passage 1Domestic （驯养的） horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and Carry police. But early horses Were n't tame（驯服的）eno Ugh to PerfOrm these kindsof tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.Thousand

2、s of years ago, people killed the Wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This Was the first step in domestication.As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For

3、example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People Who used horses to pull heavy loads Would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals' genes. So as the domesticat

4、ed horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each neW generation of horses Would shoW more of these chosen characteristics.Modern-day horse breeds come in a Wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn't exist in the horse population before domestication. The S

5、hetland horse is one of the smallest breeds typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals Were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts （矿井） With loW ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large

6、 vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses Were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads alloWed people to farm more efficiently. Before they Were able t

7、o ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses alloWed people to travel far greater distances in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact With one another. The neW form of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the World.1. Before

8、domestication horses were .A. caught for sportsB. hunted for foodC. made to pull ploughsD. used to carry people2. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show .A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horseB. horses used to have gentle personalitiesC. some horses have better shaped than othe

9、rsD. horses were of less variety before domestication3. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by .A. carrying heavy loadsB. changing farming methodsC. serving as a means of transportD. advancing agriculture in different areas4. The passage is mainly about .A. why humans domesticated horsesB. h

10、ow humans and horses needed each otherC. why horses came in different shapes and sizesD. how human societies and horses influenced each otherPassage 2Despite the high technology and investment （投资） in flood defences by theEnvironment Agency （环保局） , there is no way to stop all flooding sooner or late

11、rnature will produce something that will beat even the strongest defences.Warning people of this danger is very important if we are to prevent the great loss of life seen fifty-three years ago. Indeed if the Flood Warming System that currently exists had been around on that cold, stormy night in Jan

12、uary 1953, many lives would have been spared.The Environment Agency took over the role of flood warning in 1995 from the police who had to go door to door or sound alarms to get the news out. The service isbeing constantly improved and a combination of better technology and increased investment foll

13、owing the Easter Floods of 1998 has led to the creation of Floodline and an automatic (自动)messaging SyStem that CanWam thousands Of people in Verylittle time.0845 988 1188 offers information and adVice 24 hours a day and if Warnings are in place, callers can get information either from local updates

14、 or by using a quickdial code for their area.The Flood Warning team in Kent has also sent letters to the people liVing close to the riVers or the sea and inVited them to join the VAM ( automated Voice messaging) system. Anyone choosing to take up this free serVice Will receiVe a recorded message dir

15、ectly to their home, business or pager telling them of tile leVel of Warning, giVing them as much time as possible to carry out their flood plan and saVe items that cannot be replaced if lost or damaged, such as photographs or children's faVorite toys.1. Choose the correct statements from the fo

16、lloWing according to the passage.a. Many people lost their liVes in the flood in 1953.b. The Flood Warning system Was already in use in 1953.c. Flood defenses can stop all flooding.d. The EnVironment Agency began to Warn people of flood in 1995.e. Floodline Was created after the Easter Floods of 199

17、8.A. a, b, cB. b, c, dC. a, c, eD. a, d, e2. What does the underlined Word“pager ” mean in the passage?A. A boy employed to carry luggage in hotels.B. A piece of equipment designed to receiVe and shoW messages.C. A page of papers Written to offer messages.D. A person inVited to Write pages of messag

18、es.3. People Can easily get in format On and advice about flood any time Of the day fromA. automatic messag ing SyStemB. 0845 988 1188C. the Flood Warning team in KentD. automated voice messagi ng SyStem4. The best title for this PaSSage may PrObabIy beA. En Vir Onment Age ncyB. TeCh no Iogy In Floo

19、d Defen CeSC. Flood Warni ng SyStemD. EaSter FloodsPaSSage 3HaVe you ever tried living a whole day WithOUt CaSh With a Smart phone, it is easy for ordi nary people to do so in most PartS of China, eve n Whe n PUbIiC tran SPOrtati on is invoIved. In fact, China's mobile Payment apps are expanding

20、 their reaches in the global market as internet giants like AIibaba and TenCentSeek to promote their e-payment tools OVerSeas.While WeChat Pay has bee n USed in twenty coun tries and regi ons in clud ing JaPa n and the RePUbIiC of Korea, AIiPay OfferS Payme nt ChOiCeS for shopp ing, tran sport and S

21、ightSee ing in thirty-eight coun tries and regi ons. WeChat Can deal With tran SaCtiOn交 易）in thirteen CUrrencies, while AIiPay SUPPOrtS SettIements in twenty-seven CUrrencies. ConSUmerS in altogether twenty-four countries Can get their tax refunds through Alipay, and the app is available in more tha

22、n SiXty OVerSeaS airports to offer VariOUS services. BeSideS promoti ng apps OVerSeas, Alibaba's AntFinan cial has Partnered With In dia's PayTM SinCe 2015 to help the Iatter build a local mobile Payment platform and control risks.What is Certain is that the growth of China's mobile Paym

23、ent is driven by improved Internet facilities, tech no logical inno Vati on（变革）as well as a frie ndly bus in ess environment. After successesin online shopping, mobile payments expanded into stores and restaurantsin and outside China. The trend has made China the world's largest mobile payment m

24、arket.1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to the passage？ A. E-payments can be made for bus rides.B. E-payments can be made for shopping.C. E-payments can be made for education.D. E-payments can be made for personal finance.2. What does the underlined phrase "partnered with&quo

25、t; in paragraph 2 mea？nA. discussed a plan withB. signed a contract withC. set up a business withD. competed for a bid with3. What factor contributed to the development of China's mobile paymen？t A. The growth of populationB. The rise of the domestic economyC. The increase in financial investmen

26、tD. The development of Internet systems4. Which of the following might be the best title？A. E-payment Success in ChinaB. Mobile Payment Helps China Develop FastC. China's Mobile Payment Expands WorldwideD. Mobile Payments' Involvement in Public TransportPassage 4I started my journey at the C

27、adillac House, drove out of the city and got on the 1-95 toward Washington, D.C. It's about a four-hour drive.As soon as I jumped on the highway, I sped up to about 70 miles per hour and entered standard cruise control. A small indicator on the instrument panel （仪表盘）ShOWed the Car WaS ready to e

28、n gage Self-driv ing mode. I PuShed a butt On On the Steeri ng wheel to beg in, in itiati ng SUPer CrUiSe mode.A gree n light bar at the top of my Steeri ng wheel ShOWed that SUPer CrUiSe WaS on. There Were no shake, no SUdde n SPeed Cha nges or any thi ng like that. The Car rema ined PerfeCtIy stea

29、dy. It USeS a comb in ati on of cameras, radar Sen sors, and GPS to find the Center of the lane. The Car found it like a train on a track.I had to admit that I WaS little WOrried about letting the Car take over at first. I kept my hands n ear the wheel and my eyes locked on the road. After about ten

30、 minu tes, I fin ally Started to trust the car's judgme nt. It soon became clear that it could easily drive itself in light traffic, braking When necessary and keeping a Steady speed.The n We hit a bottle neck. There WaS a Sta ndstill traffic OUtSide of BaItimore, and things could have easily go

31、ne wrong, but this is Where SUPer CrUiSe really Shin ed. The VehiCIe Came to a complete stop to avoid CraSh ing into traffic, the n SPed UP Whe n CarS Started moving aga in. It WaS impressive as hell, and SOmeth ing that SetS the 2018 Cadillac CT6 apart from all COmPetitors.I eventually turned off t

32、he highway and headed into WaShington D.C. To turn SUPer CrUiSe of, I SimPIy hit the butt on on the Steeri ng wheel aga in. The gree n light at the top of the wheel turned off, and I took control of the car.The CT6had no problem bringing me from NeW York to WaSh ington, D.C, in SUPer CrUiSe mode pra

33、ctically al by itself. It makes me hopeful for a future Where I'll n ever n eed to touch a Steeri ng wheel aga in.1. What is the text main Iy about?A. A report COmPari ng differe nt cars' PerfOrma nce.B. A descripti on of an adve nturous journ ey.C. An advertiseme nt of a new type of car.D.

34、An acco Unt of a self-driv ing experie nce.2. The Un derl ined word "in itiat ing" in ParagraPh 2 Can be replaced by.A. tak ing inB. turni ng onC. making OutD. COming Off3. What did the Writer thi nk of the self-driv ing mode at the beg inning of thejourney?A. Doubtful.B. EXCit ing.C. Bori

35、 ng.D. Reliable.4. What is the COmPetitiVe advantage of the writer's Car COmPared to SimiIarones?A. There is no need to touch the Steering wheel all the way.B. The built-in facilities help the Car remain steady.C. The Car Can adjust its SPeed according to traffic conditions.D. The OPerati on of

36、the SUPer CrUiSe mode is quite simple.PaSSage 5The LifeCyCIe of a T-ShirtWe all PrObabIy have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the in flue nce of a T-Shirt on the pla net? You'd PrObabIy be SUrPriSed to learn what's invo IVed in the IifeCyCIe of just one T-shirt.There

37、are 5 major stages: material, PrOdUCti on, ShiPP ing, USe and disposal理）. The material Stage invoIves farming, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning. While cotton is a natural fiber纤维）and not as harmful to the enVirOnment as manmade fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and PrOdUCt

38、ion stages. COmmerCiaI cotton farming USeS a large amount of water, and the USe of PeStiCide杀（虫剂）is WideSPread across the globe, especially in cott on farmi ng. StUdieS have show n that farmers SPe nd around 4.1 billion on PeStiCideS annually, of WhiCh 25% WaS SPent on cotton crops in the US.OnCe th

39、e cott on is grow n and harvested, so beg ins the PrOdUCt ion stage: SPinning, kn itt ing, bleach ing, dye ing, CUtt ing, SeW ing, etc.-these PrOCeSSeS also USe a great deal of Water and en ergy. COmmerCiaI dyes and bleaches are harmful polluta nts and can eve ntually pollute groun dwater.After the

40、T-Shirt is produced, it enters the tranSPOrtation stage. ThiS often invoIves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garme nts 衣服）are made in China Or In dia. Garme nts Can be ShiPPed Via PIa ne, ShiP Or truck ,all of WhiCh spill CO2 into the atmosphere. C

41、alculatiOnS show that CQ 2 emissiOns frOm Iight truCks aIOne amOunt tO 1.15 POunds Per miIe.Qnce the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is Purchased. This stage may seem like the least enVironmentally damaging Part. But consider the number of times you'Ve washed and dried your faVorite T-shir

42、t. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. HoweVer, the aVerage American household does 400 loads of laundry Per year, using about 40 gallons of water Per load. Such excessiVe water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.The final stage of life is disPosal. Th

43、is releases harmful emissions, or inVolVes a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.We all need new clothes eVery once in a while,

44、 but let's all try to keeP in mind what goes into the Production of clothing It has a real imPact on the Planet.There are a lot of things you can do to helP reduce your imPact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they're too worn out to wear, cut them uP and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them

45、to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When Possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.1. The underlined Phrase "takes a toll" Probably means " ".A. wastes w

46、aterB. takes a lot of timeC. uses energyD. has a bad effect2. We can learn from the Passage that in the US, .A. Pesticides in cotton farming cost oVer 4 billion dollars eVery yearB. CQ2 emissions of land transPort amount to 1.15 Pounds Per mileC. about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materi

47、alsthat are recycledD. about 16,000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry3. What can be inferred from this passage?A. The production process may affect water safety.B. The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.C. Cotton clothes are buried because they are har

48、d to break down.D. The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.4. What is the purpose of this article?A. To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.B. To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.C. To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.D. To introd

49、uce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.13参考答案Passage 11. B 细节理解题。由文章二段第一句 “ Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. 可知，几千年”以前，人们捕杀野马是 用作食物的，因此 B 选项为正确答案。2. D 推理判断题。本句考查对说明方法的理解能力。第四段第二句“ Thisvariety didn't exist in the horse population bef

50、ore domestication. 说明，在人们开始 ” 驯养马之前，马的种类并不多。接着第三句就说“The Shetland horse is one of thesmallest breeds.bred to pull coal.out of mine shafts with low ceilings. 这说明 The Shetland horse 是身材最小的种类之一，是为了从低矮的矿井中拉煤而培育出来 的。由此可知，The ShetIa nd horse的例子是为了佐证第二句 在人们开始驯养马 之前，马的种类并不多。 ”这一观点的，因此 D 选项是正确答案。3. C 细节理解题。文章

51、最后一句 “The new form of rapid transportation heIped CUItUreS SPread around the WOrld.说明，马作为一种新型、快速的交通工具，有助 于各个文化向世界传播，再比较四个选项，可知 C 选项是正确答案。4. D 主旨大意题。 文章前四段主要阐述了人类是如何驯养野马， 使得马的种 类繁多，这主要说明了人类社会对马的影响； 而文章最后一段阐述了马作为交通 工具加速了人类文化传播的进程， 体现了马对人类社会的影响。 综合上述两方面 的内容可知， 本文主要讲的是人类与马之间的相互影响， 比较四个选项， 可知 D 选项是正确答案。P

52、assage 21. D细节理解题。题目要求根据文章选择叙述正确的一项。选项a,许多人在 1 953年洪水中丧生 ”，正确。选项 b, “洪水警报系统在 1 953年就已经开始使用 了”。根据原文第二段最后一句话， “如果在 1 953年就有这个系统的话，将会使 很多生命存活下来 ”，说明在 1 953年没有这个系统，故表述不正确。选项 c, “洪 水预防可以阻止所有的水灾 ”。根据文章第一段最后一句话， “不论你有多强大的 防御措施，自然界迟早会打败你 ”，因此表述不正确。选项 d, “从 1995年开始， 环保局为人们提供洪水警报 ”。根据文章第三段第一句话， “ 1 995年环保局从警察

53、 机关手中接管了提供洪水警报的工作 ”，因此是正确的。选项 e, “洪水专线是于1998年EaSter Floods之后设置的”。根据文章第三段最后一句话“ EaSter Floods Of1998 has led to the CreatiOn of FlOOdline.（ 1998 年 EaSter FlOOdS之后便设置了这个 专线电话。）”可知，选项e的表述也是正确的。因此正确答案为D。2. B 词义猜测题。选项 A, “旅馆里搬运行李的男孩 ”；选项 B, “一种用于接收 和显示信息的装置”；选项C, 一张便签”；选项D, 一个被邀请写信息的人”。根 据上下文，当人们选择了这项服务时

54、，便可以及时地收到这个系统发出的信息， 比较四个答案，选项 B 的解释最符合，因此正确答案为 B。3. B 细节理解题。 题目问的是人们怎样在一天的任何时间中都能获得有关洪水的情况和建议。选项 A,通过自动信息系统”；选项B,通过0845 988 1188洪 水专线”；选项C,通过Kent的洪水预警队”；选项D,自动语音信息系统”。根据 文章第四段第一句话 “Floodline0845 988 1188 offers information and advice 24 hours a day很'容易得出正确答案为B。4. C主旨大意题。要求选择最合适的标题。选项A,环保局”；选项B,防

55、洪技术”；选项C,洪水预警系统”；选项D, “EaSte水灾”。文章主要介绍多种洪水 预警系统以及洪水预警的重要作用，很明显正确答案为 C。Passage 31. C 细节理解题。根据文章 After successes in online shopping, mobilePayme nts expa nded into StOreS and restaura nts in and OUtSide Chin 可知电子支付 可以用来购物没有按段落提及。故选 C2. C 词义猜测题。根据文章 Alibaba'S Ant Financial haS Partnered with India&

56、#39;S PayTM Since 2015 to helP the latter build a local mobile Payment Platform and control riSkS. 可知阿里巴巴的蚂蚁金服自 2015 年以来一直与印度 PayTM 合 作，帮助后者建立本地移动支付平台，控制风险；意为合作，建立商业联系。故选 C3. D 细节理解题。根据文章 What iS certain iS that the growth of China'S mobile Payme nt is drive n by improved Internet facilities, te

57、ch no IOgiCal inno Vati On变 革）as well as a frie ndly busi ness en viro nment.可知中国移动支付发展的因素是因 特网系统的发展。故选 D4. C 推理判断题。根据文章In fact, Chi na's mobile Payme nt apps areexpanding their reaches in the global market as internet giants like Alibaba and TenCent Seek to promote their e-payme nt tools OVerSea可知文章