牛津初中英语重点词汇讲解

1、牛津初中英语重点词汇讲解A1a bit有点儿后面可跟形容词 a bit of 后跟不可数名词a bit of housework I feel a bit / a little lonely from time to time because I have just come to a new school.我偶尔因为感到有点儿孤独因为我刚刚来到一所新学校。a little 有点儿，（比）稍微可修饰比较级Its 10 a.m. I feel a little hungry.上午10点了，我感到有点饿。 Lily is 1.65 metres tall. I am 1.63 metres tal

2、l. Lily is a little taller than I.Lily1.65米高。我1.63米高。Lily比我高一点。2ability n. 能力 be able to doDifferent people have different abilities. Find out more about his abilities.不同的人有不同的能力。3above prep.在的上面Wilson lives two floors above Wendy.Wilson住在Wendy楼上两层。below prep. 在的下面 Mary lives six floors below Wendy.

3、 Mary住在Wendy楼下6层。over prep. 在的正上方，从上跨越 There is a bridge over the river.有一座桥横跨这条河。 The plane was flying over the mountain. 那时飞机正飞越那座大山。under prep. 在的正下方 There is a bike under the tree.有一辆自行车在树下。on prep. 在的上面 o There is a book on the desk.桌上有一本书。4abroad adv. 在国外，到国外 Im planning to travel abroad in th

4、is coming summer holidays. 我计划在即将到来的暑假里去国外旅行。5accept vt. 接受 辨析：receive 收到Do you accept what he told you?你能接受他所告诉你的事吗？6accident n. 事故，意外的事 The car accident killed three men yesterday.昨天，三个人在这场车祸中丧生。7achieve vt. 获得 achieve a balance betweenand 在和之间获得平衡 I dont know how to achieve a balance between my s

5、choolwork and my hobbies.Can you give me some advice?我不知道怎样在学习和爱好两者之间取得平衡。你能给我一些建议吗？8across prep. 从表面穿过 go across the road/ bridge/street/field Go across the road and walk on,youll see the bookshop.穿过这条马路继续走，你就看到那个书店。crossvt.穿过 Cross the road and youll see the museum. 穿过这条马路，你就看到那个博物馆。crossroads n.

6、十字路口 through prep.（从内部）穿过，通过go through the forest/tunnel 穿过森林/隧道They put candles in them so the light shines through the eyes,the nose and the teeth.他们把蜡烛放在里面，这样光线就会透过眼睛鼻子和牙齿照出来。 The sun is shining through the window.阳光透过窗户照进来。9action n.行动 take action(s)采取行动 We can take the following actions to prot

7、ect giant pandas.你可以采取以下行动来保护大熊猫。 If we do not take action,there will be no bears in the world.如果我们不采取行动，世界上就没有熊了。10active adj. 积极的，活跃的 反义词：inactiveYou are energetic and active,but sometimes too impatient.你精力充沛活泼，但有时你太没有耐心了。 take an active part in 积极参加actively adv. 积极地，活跃地 We hope this information w

8、ill help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife.我希望这个信息将帮助他们理解并且使他们积极地采取行动来保护野生动物。11activity n.活动after-school/outdoor/indoor activities 课外/户外/室内活动We do after-school activities every afternoon.我们每天下午进行室内活动。12advantage n.优势，长处 disadvantage n. 劣势，缺点，不利条件Living in the cou

9、ntry has advantages and disadvantages.住在农村既有优势也有劣势。13advise vt. 建议，劝告 advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事Our English teacher advises us to speak English as much as possible.我们英语教师建议我们尽可能多说英语。advice n. （U） 建议，劝告，忠告 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 I dont know how to learn English well.I hope you can give me so

10、me advice.我不知道怎样学好英语。我希望你可以给我一些建议。 suggestion n. (C) 建议 offer sb. some suggestionsCan you offer me some suggestions?14affect vt. 影响 affect our moods 影响我们的心情Do you know that colours can affect our moods?你知道颜色能影响我们情绪吗？effect n. 影响，作用 have a good/badeffect on sb.对某人有好的/坏的影响15afford vt./ vi.买的起，能做 affor

11、d sth. 买的起 afford to do sth.有能力做某事We cant afford to pay such a price.我们没有能力承担这样的价格。 The car is too expensive. I cant afford it/I cant afford to buy it.这辆太贵了， 我买不起。16afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕 be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing/be afraid to do sth./be afraid that I have a lot of homework to do. Im afraid (

12、that) I cant go with you.我有许多家庭作业要做，恐怕我不能和你去了。 Im afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。 Im afraid of going out alone at night.我害怕晚上单独出去。 Dont be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。frightened adj. 感到恐惧的They heard something unusual,they felt frightened.他们听到一些异常情况，他们感到恐惧。17against prep. 反对，违反，紧靠 He is wanted because he

13、has done something against the law.他被通缉因为他做了违法的事。18age n.年龄at the age of 在岁时Whats your age?/How old are you?你多大啦？ At the age of five,she could swim.在5岁的时候，他就能游泳。19ago adv. 以前 two years ago两年前 three seconds ago 三秒种前He dont know what happened to them three seconds ago.他不知道三秒种前他们发生了什么事。beforeadv. 以前I h

14、ave never been to the Great Wall before.我以前从来没有去过长城。prep. 在以前，在前面 I like reading English before I go to bed.我在上床前喜欢读英文。 The train had left before I went to the station.在我到达火车站之前，火车就离开了。 He sits before/in front of me.他坐在我前面。 the day before yesterday 前天 the year before last前年20agree vi. 同意，赞同 agree wi

15、th sb. 同意某人的看法 agreement n. 同意，协议 反义词：disagreeI agree with your parents that it is better for you to go home earlier.我同意你父母的观点，你最好早点回家。21air n. 空气，大气air pollution 空气污染 There isnt air or water on the moon.月球上没有空气和水。 There is less air pollution in Sunshine Town than in Moonlight Town.阳光镇的污染比月光镇的污染要少。

16、v. 使通风 air the room 使房间通风We should air the rooms every day in spring.春天，我应该每天使房间通风。22allow vt. 允许 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事My parents dont allow me to play outside after 6 p.m.我父母不允许我下午6点之后出去玩.23almost adv. 几乎，差不多 nearly adv. 几乎，差不多 hardlyadv.几乎不 He is very tall- almost 1.75 metres tall.他很高，几乎有1.

17、75米We lost our umbrella in the wind and I nearly fell over.大风卷走了我们的伞，我几乎跌倒。24alone adv./ adj. 独自，单独be at home alone, live alonelonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的 feel lonely The old man lives alone,but he doesnt feel lonely.这个老人独自一人居住，但他不感到寂寞。25along prep. 沿着 go/walk along the road get along(well) with 及相处（融洽），在取得（

18、大的）进展 I get along well with all my classmates.我和我所有同学相处融洽。26already adv. 已经yet adv.还（未）常用于完成时 We have already finished our homework.我们已经做完我们家庭作业。 Have you finished your homework yet? No ,not yet.你已经做完你的庭作业了吗？还没有。27although conj.虽然，尽管不能和but连用Although he studies hard, he cant catch up with others. 虽然他

19、努力学习，但他不能赶上别人。28also adv. 也 , too adv. 也 ,as well也,either也He likes reading.I also like reading.I like reading,too.我也喜欢看书。 He is also wearing a pair of colourful trainers.他也穿了一双颜色鲜艳的运动鞋。 I want to read the book as well.我也想读这本书。 He doesnt like running,I dont,either.他不喜欢跑步，我也不喜欢。29among prep. 在中间 三者或以上

20、 betweenprep. 在之间 两者 The teacher stands among the students.老师站在学生中间 There is a railway between the two cities.在这两城市间有一条铁路。30angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的 be /become/get angry with angrily adv.愤怒地His parents became angry when he made the same mistake again.当他再次犯同样的错误时，他的父母生气了。 “What?”the tiger said angrily. “什么

21、?”老虎生气地说。31another adj. 另一个，别的 后跟可数名词单数 other 后加可数复数Would you like another cup of tea?你想再要一杯茶吗？ I am going to take another route.我想走另一条路线。onethe other（两个中的） 一个另一个The old man has two daughters.One is a worker,the other is a nurse.这个老人有两了女儿，一个是工人，另一个是护士。32answer n. 答案 the answer to 的答案 Can you tell me

22、 the answer to the question? Its difficult for me.你能告诉我这个问题答案吗？这对我有点难。v.回答 answer a question 回答问题Can you answer the question? Yes ,I can.你能回答这个问题吗？reply n./v. 答复，回答 reply to a question/letterMy penfriend in the USA hasnt replied to my last three e-mails.我在美国的笔友还没有回复我上次三份e-mail。33anyone pron. 任何人 用于疑

23、问句和否定句Is there anyone in the room? 房间里有人吗？34. appearance n.出现，相貌 对应名词： appear 反义词：disappearShe made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。35argue vi. 辩论，争辩 argue with sb about sth.和某人争辩某事 I love peace and do not like to argue with others.我喜欢安静不喜欢和别人争辩。36arrive vi. 到达 arrive at/in ,get to,r

24、each a place 到达某地arrive in Beijing,arrive at the station,reach the station,get to the station, get here/there/homearrival n. 到达 time of arrival 到达的时间When we arrived,the film had been on for 10 minutes.当我们到达的时候。电影已经放映10分钟了。37asleep adj.睡着的 fall asleep 入睡He was too tired, so he fell fast asleep.他太累了，很

25、快就入睡了。sleep vi./n. 睡觉go to sleep , get enough sleepAfter breakfast,I want to go to sleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉。 I dont get enough sleep.I feel sleepy in class.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的 feel sleepy 感到困倦38attention n. 注意，专心 pay attention to 注意You should pay attention to your spoken English.你应该注意你的口

26、语。39awake adj. 醒着的 反义词：asleepSuzy was still awake at 12 oclock last night.Suzy昨晚12点仍然醒着。40award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 近义词：prize the Grade 7 Most Helpful Student Award 七年级最佳乐于助人学生奖 Beijing Musuic Awards 北京音乐奖B1. badly adv. 拙劣地，糟糕地，严重地 比较级最高级 worseworstOur team played badly at first but got better in the second

27、half.我们的队伍开始打的糟糕，但下半场打的好些。His grandfather is badly ill.他的爷爷病得很严重2. beauty n. 美，美丽Walk slowly around the lake and feel the beauty of the old park.慢慢沿着湖边散步，会感受到这个古老公园的美丽。When Hepburn died in 1993,the world mourned the loss of a great beauty,a great actress and a great humanitarian.当Hepburn在1993年去世的时，整

28、个世界都在哀悼一位美女伟大女演员和慈善家的离去。beautiful adj. 美丽的 beautifully adv.Our hometown is a beautiful and quiet place.我们的家乡是一个美丽而安静的地方。3. become vi. 成为，变得 became becomeI want to become a famous singer and travel around the world in the future.我想将来成为一个著名的歌手并且周游全世界。Nanjing is becoming more and more beautiful.南京正变得越来

29、越漂亮。4begin/start vi./vt. 开始 begin/start to do sth./doing sth.He began to learn English when he was six years old.当他6岁时就开始学英语。beginning n.开始，起初 began begun at the beginning of 在开始At the beginning of the class,we sang an English song.在这堂课开始时，我们唱了一首英文歌。5. between pron. 两者之间between. andamong三者或以上He will

30、 come between 5p.m and 7p.m .他将在5点到7点之间来。6birth n.出生，诞生 date of birth 出生日期 at birth出生时 birthday生日Next Sunday is my twelfth birthday.下周日是我12岁的生日。7boring adj.乏味的，无聊的，令人乏味的 feel bored adj.感到无聊的Mr Blacks class is boring.We all feel bored in his class. Mr Black上的课枯燥，我们在他的课上都感到乏味。The trip to the World Par

31、k was boring. We all felt bored on the way.去世界公园的旅行令人乏味，在路上我们都感到乏味。8borrow vt. （向某人）借用，借 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物lend vt. 借给lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物借给某人 Excuse me,can I borrow a bike from you?/Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行车吗？ I lent my English book to Kate yesterday.昨天我把我的英语书借给Kate了。kee

32、p 借多长时间 You can keep the book for 2 weeks. 这本书你可以借2周。9both pron./adj. 两者，双方，两者的，双方的 neither 两者都不 either 两者中的 一个Peter and I are both students. Pete和我都是学生。 Peter and I both love playing football. Pete和我都喜欢踢足球。 Both of us love playing football. Both he and I are hard-working. He knows both English and

33、French.all (三者或三者以上)都 none (三者或三者以上)都不 All of us are students. We are all students. 我们都是学生。 We all work hard at English. 我们都努力学英语10.bread n.不可数名词I am not full, I want two more pieces of bread.我没吃饱，我还想要两快面包。11breath n. 呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气breathe vt./vi. 呼吸 breathe heavily 呼吸急促Daniel arrived out o

34、f breath because he missed the early bus.Daniel上气不接下气赶到，因为他错过早班车。 A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.一个证人报告说他呼吸急促，衬衫上有血。12bridge n.桥There is a wooden bridge over the river. 有一座木桥横跨这条河。 go across the bridge /cross the bridge /walk over the bridge 过桥13bright ad

35、j. 明亮的，聪明的My classroom is very bright.我的教室非常明亮。 He is a bright/smart/clever boy.他是一个聪明的男孩。14bring vt. 带来，拿来 brought take vt. 拿走 took taken Take these old chairs away,and bring the new ones here.把这些旧椅子拿走，带一些新椅子来。 Remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.记得明天把你作业带来。 Its raining outside. Please ta

36、ke an umbrella with you when you go out.外面正下雨。当你出去的时候，请带一把伞。15build vt. 建造，建筑built building n. 建筑物，楼房 We should build more reserves for giant pandas.我们应该为大熊猫建立更多的保护区。 Most of us live in tall buildings.我们中的绝大部分住在高楼里。16burn vt. 烧伤，烧The fire burned Zhang Huas neck,arms,and face.火烧伤了张华的脖子胳膊和脸。17busy adj

37、. 忙的，忙碌的 be busy with /doing sth. 忙于做某事business n. 企业，商行，工厂The students are very busy these days.学生这些天非常忙。They were busy with/ doing their homework at that time.他们那个时候忙于做作业。We get lots of support from local businesses.我们从当地企业得到许多支持。18buy vt. 买buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. bought bought My father bo

38、ught me a new bike yesterday./ My father bought a new bike for me yesterday.我父亲昨天为我买了俩自行车。sell vt. 卖，出售 sold soldHunters will make a lot of money if they sell elephantstusks.猎人通过卖象牙来赚钱。19by prep. 通过，靠，用（表示通过某种方式）by bus/ bike/ plane/air/ train/ ship/sea/underground/boatby doing sth.Nowwe can take an

39、underground to the centre of Nanjing.Now we can go to the centre of Nanjing by underground.现在我们可以乘地铁到南京市中心。We go to school by bike every day.We ride bikes to school every day.我们每天骑自行车上学。She wanted to remind us that we should protect the environment by showing us the beauty of nature.她想通过向我们展示大自然的美来提

40、醒我们应该保护环境。C1. call vt.把叫做/给命名We call him Tom.The boy is called Tom.这个男孩名叫Tom There is a boy called Tom in my class. Jerry is calling the police for help.在我班上有一个名叫Tom的男孩。Jerry在打电话给警察寻求帮助。2. calm vi.平静下来，镇静下来 adj.平静的 calm down 静下来Some colours like blue and white make us calm and peaceful.蓝色和白色等颜色使我们安静

41、。 We should calm down when the earthquake happens.当地震发生时，我们应该镇静。3. camel n.骆驼A camel is a useful animal. 骆驼是有用的动物。4. camera n. 照相机/摄象机We usually take photoswith cameras.我们用照相机照相。5. candle n.蜡烛You can put candles into pumpkins to make lanterns.你可以把蜡烛放在南瓜里来制作灯笼。6. candy n.糖果 At Halloween, we can eat a

42、 lot of chocolates and candies.在万圣节，我们吃巧克力和糖果。7. capital n. 首都the capital of 的首都（省会） Washington DC is the capital of the USA.华盛顿特区是美国的首都。Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu.南京是江苏的省会。8. care v. 介意，在乎I dont care about money.我不在乎钱careful adj.小心的 Be careful with fire ,please. 请小心火。carefully adv. 小心地，仔细地，认

43、真地 Listen carefully in class.careless adj.粗心的Tom is a careless boy ,he often does his homework carelessly. Tom是一个粗心的男孩，他经常做作业粗心。carelessly adv. 粗心地9. carrot n.胡萝卜 Rabbits like to eat carrots.兔子喜欢吃胡萝卜。10. carry vt.搬运，运输，携带 carry on withdoing sth执行进展 I want you to carry all the bags for me. 我想要你帮我搬运所有

44、的袋子。11. cartoon n. 卡通片，动画片Tom and Jerry is my sons favorite cartoon. Tom and Jerry是我儿子最喜爱的动画片。12. case n. 病历，案例 Some people cant see things ,they are blind. But most of the cases can be cured.一些人不能看到东西，他们是盲人，但是大部分病例可以被治愈。13. catch vt.捉住，接住，赶上；染上caught catch up with 赶上catch a cold 感冒其延续性动词：have a col

45、dThe black cat caught a mouse yesterday evening.这只黑猫昨晚捉住一只老鼠。14. cause vt.引起，使发生n.原因What causes the problem?什么导致这个问题？15. centre n.中心the centre of 中心Boys dont like shopping centres. They like going to the youth centre and the computer centre.男孩不喜欢购物中心，他们喜欢去青少年中心和电脑中心。16. century n. 世纪，百年 A century is

46、 a hundred years.一世纪是100年。17. certain adj.确信的，无疑的 certainly当然，行Are you certain you can deal with the problems?你确信你能处理这个问题吗？Can you help me? Certainly .18. chance n.机会If we study hard ,everyone has the chance to go the college.如果我们努力学习，每个人都有机会上大学。19. change vt 改变，变化 n.变化 I dont have a good lifestyle

47、.Its time for me to change now. 我没有一个好的生活方式，现在到了我改变的时间了。There have been a lot of changes in Sunshine Town over these years.在这几年阳光镇有了很大的改变。20. character n.特点，性格，品质，人物 Jay Chou is the main character in the film.在这部电影里周杰伦是主角。21. chat vi./ n.聊天，闲谈 chat with sb. 和某人聊天 chatting chattedPeter often spends m

48、uch time chatting with his friends on the Internet.Peter经常花许多时间和他的朋友在网络上聊天。22. cheap adj.便宜的The shirt is too expensive .Do you have a cheaper one?这条裙子太贵了。你有更便宜的吗？expensive/ dear adj. 昂贵的This coat is so expensivethat I cant afford it.这件外套太贵了，我买不起。The price of this coat is highlow.23. check n.核实，查明 Wh

49、en we go to the cinema, there is someone checking the tickets at the entrance.当我我们去看电影时，有人在入口处查票。24. cheer vi.欢呼，喝彩cheerful adj.令人快乐的，快乐的I cheered up for our team.我为我们队伍欢呼加油。He is a cheerful boy.他是个令人快乐的男孩。25. child n.孩子 Childrens Day儿童节 Im the second child of my family.我在我家排行老二。26. chip n. 薯条 How m

50、any chips do you want to have?你想要多少薯条？27. choice n.选择Now I know hwo to make my choice.现在我知道作出我的选择。choose vt.选择 There are many clothes for dancers to choose from.有许多衣服让舞蹈者来挑选。choose sb to do sth28. Christmas n.圣诞节at Christmas/ on Christmas Day在圣诞节 Christmas is a very important festival in the West. 圣

51、诞节是西方一个非常重要的节日。29. cinema n.电影院 go to the cinema 去电影院 Tomorrow is Sunday .Would you like to go to the cinema with me ?明天是星期天，你想和我去电影院吗？30. city n.城市adj.城市的 Nanjing is the capital city of Jiangsu.南京是江苏的省会。31. clap vt. 鼓掌clapping clappedThe children all clapped and screamed with joy when they saw thei

52、r favorite characters in Disneyland.孩子们都高兴地鼓掌尖叫当他们在迪斯尼乐园看到他们最喜爱的人物。32. clean adj.干净的v. 打扫Mikes bedroom looks as clean as new. Mike的卧室和新的一样新。We clean our classroom every morning.我们每天早上打扫我们的教室。 clearly adv 清楚地 I can not see the blackboard clearly, I need to wear glasses.我不能清楚地看到黑板，我需要戴眼镜。33. clever ad

53、j.聪明的，伶俐的 be cleverbright at 在很聪明 Tom is clever at math. Tom数学很好。34. climb vt.爬，攀登 climber攀登者Madeeusually climbs a ladder to get into her house. Madee通常要爬梯子进入他的房子。35. clone vt./n.克隆 David is very interested in Dolly, the first cloned sheep. David对第一只克隆绵羊非常感兴趣。36. cloud n.云cloudyadj.多云的 Its sunny tod

54、ay. There is no cloud in the sky.今天是晴天，天空中没有云。Whats the weather like today? Its cloudy.今天天气怎样啊？多云。37. coach n.客车，教练We ran to the park as soon as we got off the coach.我一从下车就朝公园跑去。38. coin n.硬币 Mr Zhangs five-year-old son spread the coins all over the floor.It made him very angry.张先生5岁的儿子把硬币撒满了地板，这使得他

55、很生气。39. collect vt. 收集 Do you like collecting stamps?你喜欢集邮吗？40. college n.大学，学院We havent met each other since we graduated from college.自从我们大学毕业后，我们没有见过面。41. come on来吧，快点，得了吧 Come on ,we have no time . 快点，我们没有时间了。42. come out 出版，发行，发表，出来 come out of 从中出来 A new educational CD-ROM called “ Around the World in Eight Hours” has just comeout.一个名叫八小时环游世界的教育光盘刚刚出来。