英国历史与文化英文版

1、会计学1英国历史与文化英文版英国历史与文化英文版Chapter 1 Early England 1.1 Geography: Some Terminology 1.1 Geography: Geography and History1.1 Geography: Weather1.2 Early Settlers 1.2 Early Settlers StonehengeIn Search of History 00:20 01:381.2 Early Settlers Gaius Julius Caesar (July 13, 100 BC March 15, 44 BC)a Roman mi

2、litary and political leaderplayed a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire3. Leaving in around 410 A.D.The Roman Empire disintegrated in 476 A.D.left behind a well established Celtic-Roman culture1.Roman laws, taxes, engineering skills2.Architecture3.Roman so

3、cial system 4.The Latin Language5.System of writing and numbering6.Introduced a system of organized government in towns 7.Brought the new religion Christianity to Britain Roman towns: London, York, Bathbaths, temples, amphitheatres 竞技场竞技场, Roman aqueducts 高架渠高架渠 Roman roads: more than 5000 roads, a

4、network of roads to connect large towns Roman civilization was based on city life in hundreds of walled town linked by military roads. Roman town: BathBath Abbey Roman amphitheatre Roman aqueduct Roman Road Celtic gods and goddesses BritanniaBeowulf, the oldest English epic, tells the story of a Sca

5、ndinavian hero. Probably written in Northumbria in the early eighth century, it provides a striking picture of early Germanic life. The earliest surviving manuscript of Beowulf was written in Saxon in the late tenth century. p73The Manuscript of BeowulfAn evil dragon robbed the holly cup away and gu

6、arded the cup in his cave not allowing anyone to touch it.Beowulf led his men to sail across the sea to find the holly cup back for his people.n B. the basis of modern English constitutionn C. the upholding of individual rights against arbitrary governmentneach other entirely forevernGreat-great-gre

7、at-grandson of Edward IIIHenry VIIHenry VIIIEdward VIMary IElisabeth IThe greatest English humanistThomas More (Utopia)finest dramatistsChristopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, William Shakespearenon-dramatic poetsEdmund Spenser, Philip Sidney, Shakespeare and John Donne, John Milton (Paradise Lost)progeni

8、tor of English materialismFrancis BaconnWhigs favored reform and Tories are monarchists.Chartism: a movement forpolitical and socialreform during themid-19th century.The six main aims in the Peoples Charter of 1838 were largely realized later.Giving birth to the first massworking class political par

9、ty, theNational Charter Association andpaving the way for the successin a universal right to vote.“The Iron Lady” (tight control of Britains monetary policy) - the first female Prime Minister in the nations history in 1979.The return to private ownership of state-owned industriesThe use of monetarist policies to control inflationThe weakening of trade unionsThe strengthening of the role of market forces in the economyA emphasis on law and orderChapter 1 Early England Gaius Julius Caesar (July 13, 100 BC March 15, 44 B