新概念英语第一册语法总结(共14页)

1、语法：新概念英语第一册语法总结一、时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时1. 一般现在时表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。1 含有be动词的句子He is a teacher.The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are students.变疑问句将be动词移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?变否定句在be动词后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl

2、is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not.Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.不含有be动词的句子，即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bones.变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型Does he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog li

3、ke bones?变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesnt, 动词变为原型，原句中的动词不再有第三人称变化。He doesnt like books.She doesnt like him.The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Yes, she does. No, she doesntYes, it does. No, it doesnt.注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S，不要和名词复数混淆，变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。其他人称及复数名词I want to have a bath.We

4、have some meat.The students like smart teachers.变疑问句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath?Do we have any meat?Do the students like smart teachers?变否定句在主语和动词之间加dont.You dont want to have a bath.We dont have any meat.The students dont like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I do. No, I dont.Yes, we do. No, we do

5、ntYes, they do. No, they dont.6. 过去完成时：用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。结构：had+过去分词After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。5 变疑问句将助动词移到句首Ha

6、d she finished her homework?6 变否定句在助动词后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework.7 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. No, she hadnt.8 特殊疑问句：What had she done?1. 一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作， 经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示将来的词联用结构： 主语+助动词will+动词原形I will go to

7、America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?变否定句在助动词后面加notI will not go to

8、America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. No, I will not.Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. No, he will not.特殊疑问句：What will you do?【知识拓展】 一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在

9、陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first.Will you be at home at seven this evening?2)be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.3

10、) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。英语常考动词： 一般将来时1.一般将来时的基本概念一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态.一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称) 动词原形构成.美国英语则不管什么人称

11、,一律用will.2.一般将来时的构成am/is/are/going to do和will/shall do1) shall用于第三人称单数,常被will 所代替,二者都可以缩写成'll.will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称.Which paragraph shall I read first.Will you be at home at seven this evening?2) be going to 动词原形地点,表示将来.a. 主语的意图,即将做某事.What are you going to do tomorrow?b. 计划,安排要发生的事.The p

12、lay is going to be produced next month.c. 有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.3) be 不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事.We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4) be about to 不定式,意为马上做某事.He is about to leave for Beijing.注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用.3.一般将来时的用法表示

13、将来的动作或状态:一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow(明天), next week(下周), from now on(从现在开始);in the future(将来)等.4.一般将来时的其他用法一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了"shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称) 动词原形构成"外,还有以下几种形式.1)"to be going to 动词原形"表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事.例如:It is going to rain. 要下雨了。We are going to have a meeti

14、ng today. 今天我们开会。2)go, come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay,live,fly,等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作,例如:I'm leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。3)"be to 动词原形"表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见.例如:Are we to go on with this work?我们继续干吗?The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学。4)"be about to 动词原形"表示即将发生的动作,意

15、为:很快,马上.后面一般不跟时间状语.例如:We are about to leave.我们马上就走。5)某些词,如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay ,live,fly等的一般现在时也可表示将来.The meeting starts at five o'clock.会议五点开始。He gets off at the next stop.他下一站下车。一般将来时(The future indefinite tense)一般将来时主要有以下几种表现形式：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall 用于第一人称，will用于第二、

16、三人称。除英国外的说英语的国家，在陈述句中，即使在第一人称一般也用will，在英国也有这种趋势。在口语中，常用shall, will的缩写形式为ll, 如：Ill, youll等。Shall not的缩写式为:shant, will not 的缩写式为：wont.肯定句：I/We shall/will go.You/He/She/They Will go.否定句：I/We shall/will not go.You/He/She/They Will not go.疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go?什么叫做一般将来时（1）一般将来时表示将要发生

17、的动作或情况。例如：I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到。Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗？We wont (shant) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。（2）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如：Will she come? 她（会）来吗？ Well only stay for two weeks. 我们只待两星期。 The meeting wont last long. 会开不了多久。（3）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中

18、，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见(a)，或是询问一个情况(b)：a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头？b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗？在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用will，特别是在美国。例如：How will I get there? 我怎么去？（4）be going to+动词原形a.表示打算、准备做的事。例如：We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。How are you going to spend your holid

19、ays?假期你准备怎样过？b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如：I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。Theres going to be a lot of trouble about this. 这事肯定会有很多麻烦。c.“will”句型与“be going to”句型，前者表示纯粹将来，后者表示打算、计划、准备做的事情，更强调主语的主观意愿。例如：Tomorrow will be Saturday. 明天是周六了。We are going to visit Paris this summer.今年夏天我们打算游览巴黎。英语第一册语法练习 ： 一般将来时1

20、. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be2. Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; w

21、ill be D. is; will be4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be6.

22、Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?_. （不，不要。）A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once.A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will ge

23、t9. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving12. He _ to us as soon as he ge

24、ts there.A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote13. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Wa

25、rriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）.A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont.英语第一册语法练习 ： 一般将来时二、动词填空。1. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.2. How long _ you _（study）in our country?I _（plan）to be here for about one more year.I _（hope）to visit the other parts of

26、your country.What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here?I _（return）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed early tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present.三、句型转换。1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter）2. There are two cinemas in that t

27、own. （next year）3. He comes back late.（in two days）4. She is a conductor of a train.（soon）16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go17. We _ the work this way next time.A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the

28、 open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be21. They _ an English even