module4grammar

1、Module 4 A social survey - My neighborhood Period 3 Grammar & cultural cornerLearning aims：1. Revise present perfect tense (现在完成时)2. Learn something about the problems of some villages in western Europe. Grammar 现在完成时 基本形式：主动_; 被动_ 基本用法：）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already, yet, just, never, r

2、ecently, before 等词连用。eg. Ive seen quite a lot of China.He has already come back.) 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在（可能还会继续实行下去）的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：for, since, these days, so far, till now, up to now, this year等。eg. They have been friends for forty years. She has lived in Beijing since she came to China.) 延续性动词和非延续性

3、动词都能够用于现在完成时，仅仅非延续性动词不能与表示时间段的状语连用。 eg. They have got married.(正)They have been married since 2000.(正)They got married in2000. (正)They have got married since 2000.(误) 注：具体详解见练习册P76（现在完成时和一般过去时的区别）Practice：1. 用动词的适当形式填空。-I _already _(see) the film.-I _(see) it last week.-_he _(finish) his work today?

4、-Not yet. The tickets _(sell out ) when I get there. The tape recorder _(play) since 6 oclock. Please turn it off. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _(see) them since. She _(teach) in the school for ten years. It _(rain) a lot these days. They _(be) close friends till now. So far, the prog

5、ram _(save) hundreds of children. Their parents _(stay) abroad for 6 years.How can you possibly miss the news? It _(be) on TV all day long.Its the second time that I _(meet) her today.It _(be) six years since I came here.This is the most moving story that I _(hear) about.I _(read ) the book written

6、by Mo yan, so I didnt want to borrow it again.Tony _(play) football every weekend when he was young.2. 单句改错I know him a lot because I knew him for about three years.You kept the book since last week, so I hope you can return it as soon as possible.We had finished eighty percent of the work so far.My

7、 computer broke down and my article has left unfinished since then.The meeting has already begun for half an hour.It is the first time that I was in this city.3. 同义句转化 My uncle joined the football team 4 years ago._for 4 years. His grandfather has been dead for 3 months._3 month ago. The headmaster

8、entered his office an hour ago._for an hour. My friend arrived at the theatre 10 minutes ago._for 10 minutes. Its been a week since we came here._a week ago. Cultural CornerStep1. ReadingRead the passage &answer the following questions.1. In which countries is the countryside changing?2. There a

9、re a number of reasons for village disappearing, what are they?Step2. Phrases1.例如 2.许多，大量 3.的原因 4. 搬到某地 5. 在周末 6.上涨，升起 7.负担不起，买不起 8.赚钱 9.为生存挣扎着 10.取得成功（P38）Step3. Language points1. a number of 许多，一些“a number of + 可数名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，number 前可用small, large, great 等词修饰。eg. A number of insects have

10、 disappeared from the earth.区分：the number of “的数量，数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。eg. The number of the people employed in the company is thirty.(练) The number of people invited _(be) fifty, but a large number of them _(be) absent for different reasons.2. afford vt. 买得起；有能力支付；提供，给予（析）afford 表买得起，负担得起；有足够的时间做某事时，多与

11、can could be able to 连用，构成“can could (not) afford to do sth” 结构。afford sb sth = afford sth to sb 给予某人某物eg. Many people cant afford to buy a house, especially in big cities.We couldnt afford to pay such a price.(译) 目前他买不起这款车。_3. go up (析) go up (价格，温度等)上涨，上升（无被动） go down (下降)bring up 使上升（有被动）bring do

12、wn 使下降eg. The price has gone up recently. The price has been brought up recently.(练) We must make a decision as the price _(go up ) next week.4. remain Vi. 留下，剩下，继续存在（无被动） eg. I went to the city, but my brother remained at home. Very little of the house remained after the fire. sth remains to be don

13、e “某事有待于去做” eg. The problem remains to be solved.link-v(系动词) + adj v-ed (表被动)v-ing(表主动) “仍然是，保持”remain silent quiet energeticeg. Please remain seated until the plane has come to a complete stop.Practice:1. 用正确的形式填空 Today the number of people learning Chinese _(be) increasing rapidly. The prices keep _(go up) and nobody can get them _(bring down) The boy remained _(stand) outside. As one of the few _who luckily _the ship crash, the little girl was a