2022年2022年高一现在完成时讲解及练习

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载现在完成时讲解及练习（含答案）一 基本结构： 助动词 have/has+过去分词 done二句型：否定句：主语 +have/has+not+ 过去分词 +其他 .一般疑问句： have/has+ 主语 +过去分词 +其他 .简略答语 : yes、 主语+ have/has.确定 no、主语+ haven't/hasn't. 否定 三用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果i have spent all of my money so far. 含义为 :现在我没有钱花了. guo zijun has just/al

2、ready come.含义：郭子君现在在这儿my father has gone to work. 含义为 :我爸爸现在不在这儿（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、连续到现在的动作 （用行为动词表示）或状态（ be 动词表示）常与for （ +时间段） 、since（ +时间点或过去时的句子）连用.for+ 时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段 +agosince+从句（过去时） it is+ 时段 +since+ 从句（过去时） mary has been ill for three days.i have lived here since 1998

3、.四has gone to、has been to、 has been in的区分have/has goneto : 去了 现在不在说话现场 where is your father ？ he has gone to shanghai. have/has been to : 去过（已不在去过的地方） my father has been to shanghai.have/has been in：呆了多久（仍在所呆的地方）my father has been in shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含

4、义之一为过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响、用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义 :* 以 already、 just和 yet 为标志he has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮忙；he has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影；he hasn't come back yet. 他仍没有回来；* 以 ever 和 never 为标志this is the best film i have ever seen.这为我曾经看过的最好的一部电影；he has never been to beijing.他从没有到过北京；* 以动作发生的次数为标志

5、精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载he says he has been to the usa three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了；* 以 so far（到目前为止）为标+beforehe has got to beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京；she has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试；2.过去已经开头的动作始终连续到现在、 甚至有可能连续连续下去、我们可以从动作“连续 ”的特性和 “时间 ”点段的区分入手、进一步学习现在完成时；* for+ 时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）为标志留意：

6、1现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用、 如 yesterday、last week、 three years ago等 ;2不能与 when 连用3 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六 瞬时动词（ buy、die、join、come ,go 、leave、join）不能直接与for和 since 连用；要转变动词buy-haveborrow -keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-be ingo out-be out leave -be awaybegin-be onfinish-be overopen-be openclose -be closeddie-

7、be dead1.have 代替 buymy brother has had 不能用 has bought this bike for almost four years.2.用 keep 或 have 代替 borrowi have kept 不能用 have borrowed the book for quite a few days.3.用 be 替代 becomehow long has your sister been a teacher.4.用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldtom has had a cold since the day before ye

8、sterday.5.a用 wear 代替 put on精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载b 用“ be形容词 ”代终止性动词精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1.be married 代 marry2.be ill 代 fall get ill3.be dead 代 die4.be asleep 代 fall get asleep5.be awake 代 wake/wake up6.be gone 代 lose、die、sell、leave7.be open 代 open8.be closed 代 close/shut9.be missinggone、lost 代 lo

9、se精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载c用“ be1.“ be副词 ”代终止性动词on”代 start、begin精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2.“ be up”代 get up精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3.“ bebackto代 ”return to、come back to、go back to精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载4.“ be here there代 com”earrive、reach、get here 或 go arrive、reach、get there 等等精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载d 用

10、“ be介词短语 ”代终止性动词精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1.“ be in/ta+地点 ”代替 go to /come to2.用 be in the army代替 join the army3.“ be in/at +地点 ”代替 move to现在完成时练习一.单项挑选；1.both his parents look sad . maybe they what's happened to him . （呼和浩特） . knew . have known . must know .will know2.he has been to shanghai 、 has

11、he . already .never.ever . still3.have you met mr li？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4.the famous writer one new book in the past two years . is writing .was writing.wrote .has written5. our country a lot so far . yes . i hope it will be even . has changed well . changed good . has changed better

12、. changed better 6.zhao lan already in this school for two years . was studying . will study . has studied . are studying7.we xiao li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known. knew8.harry potter is a very nice film .i it twice . will see. have seen . saw .see9. these farmers have

13、been to the united states . really . when there . will they go. did they go . do they go . have they gone10. you your homework yet . yes . i it a moment ago . . did do finished . have done finished . have done have finished . will do finish11 . his father the party since 1978 . joined . has joined.

14、was in . has been in12. do you know him well . sure .we friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made13. how long have you here . about two months . been . gone . come. arrived14. hurry up. the play for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on . began精品学习资料精选学习资料

15、- - - 欢迎下载15. it ten years since he left the army . is. has . will. was 16 . miss green isn't in the office . she to the library .has gone. went.will go . has been17. my parents shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18. the students have cleaned the classr

16、oom、 .a. so theyb. don t theyc. have theyd. haven t they19 . has mr white been a member of greener china since he to china.a. how soon、 comesb. how often、 gotc. how long、 camed. how far、 arrived20 . his uncle for more than 9 years.a. has come hereb. has started to workc. has lived thered. has left t

17、he university二.句型转换；1.he has never surfed、 .（改成反意疑问句）2.they have been here since 2000. 对划线部分提问they been here.3.the old man last year. he for a year. die（动词填空）4.this factory opened twenty years ago. 同义句转换 this factory for twenty years.5.miss gao left an hour ago. 同义句转换 miss gao an hour ago.6.her moth

18、er has been a party member for three years . （同义句） her mother the party three years .7.the green family moved to france two years ago. 同义句转换 two years the green family moved to france.8.the bus has arrived here. it arrived ten minutes ago. 把两个句子合并成一个句子三.汉译英；1. 吉姆已做完作业,他现在有空了；2. 他昨天收到一封信；3. 我父亲以前到过长城

19、；4. 她仍没有看过那部新电影；5. 她去过上海；6. 他这些天上哪儿去了？参考答案：一.单项挑选；1.现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作仍未终止,始终连续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响；这种考查难度较大,往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析.推理才行；故上两侧依据上下文分析.推理,正确答案为 ；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2.现在完成常常与already（已经）, just （刚刚,正好）,ever（曾经）, never（从来,也不；从不）,before（以前）, yet（仍旧）等连用；故2 应选 b ；3.c4.现在完成常常与recentl

20、y （近来）, so far （到目前为止）,in the past/“ la一st段+时间 ”等时间状语连用； 由于上述短语表示的为从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作为从过 去某一时间或时刻开头连续到现在的；故4 应选 d ；5.c6.现在完成时常常与“ for +时间段或since +过去时间点 ”连用（含从句,从句过去时）；故6 应选 c；7.c8.现在完成时仍与once（一次）, twice （两次）, three times （三次）, several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用；故8 应选 b；9.现在完成时与一般过去时简单混淆,就为由于它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区分： 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事.存在的状态或常常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday 、 last week 、 a moment ago 等）连用；故 9 的正确答案为b ；10. b1