2022年2022年动名词

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载step 1非谓语动词概述1 非谓语动词概念非谓语动词为指由动词变化而成,仍具有动词的性质与意义,但不作谓语动词使用,而具有除谓语外其它语法功能；非谓语动词有动词不定式（the infinitive ）；动名词（ the gerund ）；现在分词（ the present participle ）；过去分词（ the past participle）；2 非谓语动词的分类.意义及构成：精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载非谓语形式构成时态和语态否定复合结构式特点和作用精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习

2、资料 - - - 欢迎下载不定式现在to doto be doing to have done doingto be doneto have been done being doneforsb.todosth.在非谓语具出名词,副词和形容词的作用在句中做主.宾.定.表和状语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载分分词词过去having donehaving been done具有副词和形容词的作用前加在句中做定.表.宾补和状语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载分词动名词doinghavingdonedonebeing done having been donenotsbs

3、doing具出名词的作用在句中做主.宾.定和表语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3非谓语动词的句法功能句子成分非谓语主语表语宾语补语定语状语同位语不定式动名词（极少）现在分词过去分词4. 非谓语动词的结构形式主动形式被动形式动词不定式to doto be done现在分词一般式doingbeing done精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载现在分词完成式having donehaving been done过去分词donestep 2动名词的用法动名词为由动词转化而来,在句中起名词的作用,但有保持动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成动名词短语； 也

4、可以有其规律主语、 从而构成动名词的复合结构；动名词所带的规律主语通常为形容词性物主代词.宾格代词.名词全部格或一般格；1.动名词复合结构的形式其形式有如下两种：a 名词全部格 /物主代词 +动名词 ,如：i insist on mary s going我th坚ere持. 要玛丽到那儿去； i have not heard of your being ill.我没听说你病了；b名词通格 /人称代词宾格+动名词 ,如：1. usually at the beginning of school、 the noise of desks being opened and closed、 and les

5、sons repeated at the top of the children s voices could be heard orueteint. the st2. in fact、 i think it s very much nicer without him、 if you don t mind me saying so. 留意：在上述例句中,动名词前的规律主语与句子主语不同；假如主语相同,就不用规律主语,只用动名词；试比较：i must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. 在确定规律主语的格的形式时须留意以下几点：1）

6、动名词复合结构作主语和表语时一般用名词全部格或物主代词；该主语被看做为单数,其谓语用单数；例如： nixon s visiting chinamarked a new era between u.s. and china diplomatic relations.尼克松拜访中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代；the main trouble is their not having enough money .主要问题为他们没有足够的钱；2 在口语和非正式语体中,只要不为作主语, 动名词复合结构中的规律主语常接受名词通格或人称代词宾格；例如：精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习

7、必备欢迎下载the doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.大夫并不反对我有时吃一点肉；3）假如规律主语为一个短语或有修饰语,一般用名词通格或人称代词的宾格的形式；例如：the teacher insisted on the boy who threw the eraser apologizing.老师支持要那个扔掉刷子的男孩赔礼；i insist on both of them coming in time.我坚持要他们两人准时来；do you remember mary and her mother com

8、ing to see us last year.4 动名词的复合结构做主语和表语,无生命的事物名词作规律主语时一般接受通格形式；例如：the suggestion of the meeting being put off was not adopted by the chairman.延期召开会议的建议没有被主席接受；2. 动名词复合结构的功能精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1）作主语his coming home late worries his mother.john s coming here will get us out of trouble约.翰的到来将会使我们脱离困

9、境；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2）作动词或短语动词的宾语i don t remember him/his giving me that book.我记得他给过我那本书； do you mind my /me smoking. 我抽烟你介意吗？精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3）作介词宾语4）作表语her parents insisted on her studying medicine.她父母坚持要她学医；have you heard of my sister s winning the c我o妹nte妹st在. 竞赛中获胜的事你听说了吗？i don t li

10、ke the idea of our living here.我不情愿我们住在这里；i knew nothing about the window being open.我一点也不知道窗户放开着；he left the city without our knowing it他离开城市我们大家都不知道；.what is most important is tom s going there at once. the main trouble is their not having enough money.3. 判定动名词复合结构的方式精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载主语位置上,或

11、动词.介词后的"名词代词+非谓语动词 " ,假如表示的为一个大事就为动名词复合结构,而不为" 名词+ 定语；请看以下各例：he insisted on the windows open while he was sleeping.a. leftb. being leftc. leavingd. be leftinsist on 后不接从句, d 可以排除；这里表达的为坚持要求" 开着窗子睡觉 " ,所以应当为动名词复合结构,答案为 b ；the road caused us to be for our work for half an hour

12、.a. blockedb. was blockedc. blockingd. being blocked做主语的表示上班迟到的缘由,自然应当为" 交通堵塞 " ,而不为 " 被堵的道路 " ,所以仍为动名词复合结构,答案为 d ；the concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son to college.a. had been admittedb. admittedc. having been admittedd. having admitted消息表达的应当为个大事,说明不为 "被录用的孩子

13、" ,介词 of 后不行能接从句, 说明 of 后为动名词的复合结构,答案为 c；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载a 类：1. while shopping、 people someti mes can t helpinto buying something they don t really need.a. to persuadeb. persuadingc. being persuadedd. be persuaded2. he knows nothing about it、 so he can t help any of your work.a.

14、doingb. to doc. being doingd. to be done3. how about the two of us a walk down the garden.a. to takeb. takec. takingd. to be taking4. sara never dreamed of a chance for her to be admitted to harvard university without taking any exam.a. there beingb. beingc. there would bed. there to be5. ann never

15、dreams of for her to be sent abroad very soon.a. there being a chanceb. there to be a chancec. there be a chanced. being a chance6. i live in the house with its door to the south.（这里 with 结构作定语）a. facingb. facesc. facedd. being faced7. with a lot of difficult problems 、 the newly-elected president i

16、s having a hard time.a. settledb. settlingc. to settled. being settled8. the furniture on october 15 was seriously damaged because of a road accident .a. being deliveredb. having deliveredc. having been deliveredd. delivered 9 have you considered a course in business for artist ？a. your takingb. tak

17、ingc you takingd being taken10. her mother has no objection to tv once mary has finished her homework. a .her watchingb. watchingc. she watchingd. she watchesb 类1. the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.a. the president will attendb. the president to attendc. the president atten

18、dedd. the president s attending2. i would appreciateback this afternoon. met 92a. you to callb.you callc.your callingd.you re calling3. simon was not asked to join the club、 insufficiently popular with all the members.a. consideringb. being consideredc having consideredd to be considered4. both of m

19、y parents insisted a computer for me、 but i don t think it is necessary.a. to buyb. buyingc. on buyingd. in buying5. i don't mind the decision as long as it is not too late.a. you to delay makingb. your delaying makingc. you delaying to maked. you delay to make6. i would appreciate it a secret.a

20、. your keepingb. you to keepc. that you keepd. that you will keepc 类1. what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital.a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed2. in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for

21、.a. the girl was educatedb. the girl educatedc. the girl's being educatedd. the girl to be educated3. for school once in a while often makes mr. smith angry.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载a. tom being lateb. tom to be latec. for tom being lated. tom s being late4. anyone trying to take knives on

22、 heard flights would be caught by the police.a. findsb. foundc. being foundd. will find the discovery of new evidence led to .a. the thief having caughtb. catch the thiefc. the thief being caughtd. the thief to be caught4.动名词的否定式：not + 动名词动名词否定式直接在动名词前加not； 动名词一般式的否定式: not doing动名词完成式的否定式: not + hav

23、ing done; having never done否定式为将否定词not 置于动名词之前；如动名词为完成式或被动式,否定词not 应置于整个结构之前；如：don t be angry with me for not having write to you.我没给你写信请别生我的气； he felt bad for not being able to lend a hand.他因不能帮忙感到遗憾；i am sure you will excuse me for not speaking to you first.我确定你会原谅我事先没跟你说； he said he so much regre

24、tted not being able to swim. 他说他对不会游泳感到特别遗憾；she was angry about not having been invited.她没被邀请很愤怒；i must offer my apology for not coming to your party.我没来参与你的晚会,必需向你赔礼；【注】如动名词带有规律主语,就否定词应置于规律主语之后；如：i m surprised aytour not having noticed.你竟未留意到我感到惊讶；jenny s not having been traineads a dancer is her o

25、ne regret.杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练为她感到遗憾的事；例题：1. victor apologized forto inform me of the change in the plan.【2004 上海春】a. his being not ableb. him not to be ablec. his not being abled. him to be not able解析： apologize for sth./doing sth.为某事或作某事而赔礼2. what worried the child most wasto visit his mother in the hospi

26、tal.【1998 上海】a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed解析：动名词的复合结构作表语；动名词作表语,表示抽象的动作或行为；带规律主语的动名词复合结构也可做表语；不定式作表语,表示详细的动作；带规律主语或疑问副词的不定式也可以用表语；分词作表语：现在分词作表语,表示主语的特点；过去分词作表语,表示主语所在的状态；另外,有关于否定的一个特别结构：“there+ be + no + v- ing ”结构；例如： there s no saying

27、 what he ll be doing next.there s no telling what he s going to do. there s no knowing1.i wouldn't advisethere by bus、 because it is too crowded.a. and gob. to goc. to goingd. going2. with modern traffic control facilities speeder can t expect tdoeetescctaepdeand fined.a. to beb. beingc. to have

28、 beend. having been3. i really don t risk the childrenthese awful programs.a. to seeb. having seenc. to seeingd. seeing精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载4. it s strange that she d'itdmnentionhim at the party.a. to meetb. to meetingc. meetingd. met5. i don t mindto the party.a. being not invitedb. t

29、o be not invitedc. not being invitedd. bot to be invited 6. the programme、 they have to stay there for another two weeks.a. not completingb. not completedc. not having completedd. having not completed7. the girl made her mother angry by not taking her medicine.=thethe medicine made her mother angry.

30、8. the girl is nervous for never speak in public. 9.they apologized for_ not wait for us.5.动名词的被动式精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载一.动名词基本构成形式时态语态主动被动精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done二.动名词被动的时态1被动一般式 句子的主语为动名词（被动式）的规律主语如： he came in without being asked.he dislikes being i

31、nterrupted in his experiment.he came to the party without being invited他未被邀请就来到了晚会；2. 被动完成式 动作在谓语动词动作之前发生如： she doesnt remembehraving ever been given a chance to go abroad.她不记得曾经被赐予过一次出国的机会；he forgot having been taken to guangzhou when he was five years old.他遗忘五岁时曾被带到广州去过；3. 例解例（1）：while shopping ,p

32、eople sometimes can 't help into buying something they don't really need（ 1996 上海）a. to persuadeb. persuadingc. being persuadedd. be persuaded解析：答案 c；依据句意, can't help 为 “抑制不砖.“情不自禁 ”的意思； 其后应接动名词作宾语；在此句中,people与 persuade 之间为动宾关系,所以应用动名词的被动式；例（ 2） :tony was very unhappy for to the party （

33、2000 上海）a.having not been invitedb.c. having not invitedd. not having been invited解析：答案d；动名词的否定式作介词的宾语；由于tony 未被邀请在先,不兴奋在后,所以接受了完成式的形式；三.动名词被动的用法1.动名词的被动作主语2002 to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one s skin.a. exposedb. having exposedc. being exposedd. after being exposed2.动名词的被动作宾语精品学习资料

34、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载the squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.这松鼠幸运得很,刚躲避了被逮住的厄运；we have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必需阻挡空气被污染；动名词在need, want, require ,be worth 后接宾语,常以主动形式来表示被动意义.of be worthy of being done/ to be done这本书值得一读；need/ want/ require doing sth / to be done

35、 需要做eg. my bike needs repairing / to be repaired.3.动名词被动作表语1998 what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital.a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed4动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构在句中作宾语时,名词可用一般格代替全部格,代词可用宾格形式代替形容词性物主代词；eg.i don t like yo

36、u/ your/ tom / tom但为s b动ei名ng词la作te主. 语时,只能用your / tom s being 形lat式e ；例:what worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital（ 1998 上海）a. his not allowingb. his not being allowedc. his being not allowedd. having not been allowed解析：答案b ；动名词复合结构的否定式应把否定词not 放在物主代词之后.动名词之前；child 和 allow

37、之间为动宾关系,所以就用其被动式；a 类题目1. no one enjoys at.a. laughingb. to laughc. being laughedd. to be laughed 2.he was afraid for being late.a. of seeingb. of being seenc. to be seend. to have seen3.i still remember to my home town when i was young.a. takingb. takenc. being takend. to take 4. by the teacher to l

38、eave the classroom made him feel ashamed.a. askedb. being askedc. having askedd. to have asked 5.do you remember to professor smith during your last visit.a. to be introducedb. being introducedc. having introducedd.to have introduced6. what i really mean is the noise of .a. the desk being opened and

39、 shutb. the desks opening and shutc.the desks opening and shuttingd. the desks opening and shutting7. the hungry boy couldnresist t to do such a foolish thing.a. to temptb. to be temptedc. on being temptedd. being tempted8. we were lucky that we just escaped the rain 10.articles 物品 used by patients

40、must be disinfected 消毒精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载12. the thief took away the woman's wallet without .a. being seenb. seeingc. him seeingd. seeing himb 类题目1. you must do something to prevent your house .a. to be broken inb. from being broken inc. to break ind. from breaking in 2.anything wort

41、h is worthy of well.a. doing ； being doneb. doing ；doingc. to be done； to be doned. to be done； being done3. while shopping、 people sometimes can not help into buying something they do not really need.a. to persuadeb. persuadingc. being persuadedd. be persuaded 4.the man caught hold of the side of t

42、he lifeboat and narrowly escaped .a. to be drownedb. from drowningc. being drownedd. from being drowned 5.they couldn t stand by the host at the party.a. to be neglectedb. being neglectedc. neglectedd. that they were neglected 6.it is a common sense that new idea have to be tested many times before

43、.a. fully acceptedb. being fully acceptedc. fully acceptedd. been accepted f 7.she was lucky enough by the carb. to miss hitting8. by 、 water can be changed into gas. 参考 : if 、9. no one can avoid by advertisements.a. to be influencedb. being influencedc. influencingd. having influencec 类题目1. the thi

44、ef drove as fast as he could to escape by the police.a. to be caughtb. he caughtc. being caughtd. catching 2.tom was unhappy for to the party.a. having not been invitedb. not having invitedc. having not invitedd. not having been invited3. the discovery of new evidence led to .a. the chief having cau

45、ghtb. catch the chiefc. the chief being caughtd. the chief to be caught 4.the library needs 、 but it will have to wait until sundaycleaningd. improved7. this x-精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载9. after for the job、 you will be required to take a language test.a. being interviewedb. interviewedc. inter

46、viewingd.having interviewed10. he forgot to guangzhou when he was five years old.a. having takenb. takingc. to be takend. having been taken6. 动名词完成式精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载基本语法构成完成式：语 态主动语态被动语态完成式having donehaving been done精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载we remembered having seen the film.我们记得看过这部电影；完成被动式：he

47、forgot having been taken to guangzhou when he was five years old.他遗忘五岁时曾被带到广州去过；动名词的句法功能：1）作主语：reading aloud is very helpful.朗读为很有好处的；collecting stamps is interesting.集邮很好玩；it s no use quarrellin争g. 吵为没用的；2）作表语：in the ant city、 the queen s job is la在yi蚂ng蚁e王gg国s.,蚁后的工作为产卵； 3）作宾语：they haven t finishe

48、duilbding the dam. 他们仍没有建好大坝；we have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必需阻挡空气被污染；留意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句；此外,动名词作宾语时,如跟有宾语补足语,就常用形式宾语it,例如：we found it no good making fun of others.我们发觉取笑他人不好；要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：【单词 20个】 enjoy、 finish、 suggest、 avoid（防止） 、 excuse 、delay、 imagine、 keep、 miss、

49、 consider、 admit（承认）, deny（否认） 、 mind、 permit、 forbid、 practise、 risk （冒险） 、 appreciate （感谢）【 短 语 22 个 】 be busy、 be worth、 feel like、 cantstand、 canthelp、 dream of、 be fond of、 be keen on, prevent from、keepfrom、 sto（p from ） 、protect from、 set about、 be engaged in、 spendin、 succeed in、 be used to、

50、look forward to、 object to、 pay attention to、 insist on、 persist in4）作定语：he can t walk without a walking-stick.他没有拐杖不能走路；is there a swimming pool in your school.你们学校有游泳池吗？5）作同位语：the cave、 his hiding-place is secret.那个山洞,他藏身的地方很隐秘；his habit、 listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未转变；动名词完成式练习a 级题目1. i regretted that to her.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载a . having saidb. to have saidc. to sayd. /2. you'll regret those words. you may hurt her feelin