精选备考高考题库《阅读理解(12)》

1、精选备考高考题库阅读理解（12） （含详解）：备战 2012 高考，精选阅读试题，适合高三第一轮复习使用，希望对大家有帮助。第一周several times each year the queen gives afternoon tea parties at which guests are served tiny cakes filled with cream from her own cows. cakes and sandwiches are brought in by footmen, yet you never see the queen touch a thing. she sim

2、ply sits beside a big silver plate, pouring cups of tea for everyone and carefully avoiding the cakes. at cocktail parties the queen moves from group to group, chatting informally, and manages to make one glass of diet( 节食 )drink to last an entire evening. tours abroad are difficult because hosts( 主

3、人 )seem to believe the warmth of their welcome must be shown with wonderful state banquets( 宴会 ). but the queen has perfected the art of appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much. during one visit to the pacific islands of tonga, a specially-prepared dinner was arranged in a hut made

4、of wood and bamboo leaves. deep holes were dug in the ground, filled with hot stones and baby pigs, and the pigs were slowly baked over several days. the queen looked uneasily at her plate when she discovered a whole roast pig was her serving. then she became uneasy when a turkey, some meat, bananas

5、 and an apple were also carried in for each guest. so she depended on her old favorite trick of talking with her host. , king tupou iv, carrying on a warm conversation. at the same time she pushed her food around her plate and only ate a piece of turkey and some fruit. reporters traveling with her h

6、ave noted that the queen will sometimes seem so carried away by a foreign leader s political chat that she simply never has time to finish a meal before it is time to get up and make her speech. she will lift her fork to swallow a mouthful, then put it down again to make another point, leaving almos

7、t all of her meal untouched. 1. the main idea of the passage is about _. a. the queen s favorite foodb. the queen s tours abroadc. how the queen keeps her diet during her tours d. the queen s trouble with a foreign leader2. the queen talked with her host and carried on conversation with him. the pur

8、pose of doing this is _. a. to show her politeness b. not to eat much c. to show her great interest in food d. to hide her dislike to the food 3. we can infer from the passage that tours are difficult for the queen, because _. a. she has to meet with so many important leaders b. she has to eat much

9、oily food c. she has so many reporters to travel with her d. hosts always present wonderful state banquets 4. what probably is the queen s art of acting at state dinners?a. appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much. b. drinking malvern water. c. eating a piece of turkey and some fruit

10、. d. eating much without being noticed. 【答案与解析】1. c 解析：文章谈到了食品以及女王的“tours” ，但主旨是女王如何“keep her diet” 。答案为 c。2. b 解析：由第五段“uneasy” 、“old favorite trick of talking with her host ” 、“pushed her food around her plate and only ate a piece of turkey and some fruit ”可判断答案为b。3. d 解析：从第三段第一句话中可推断出答案为d。4. a 解析：

11、从第三段第二句话可得到答案a 符合题意。the following table shows some results of a survey in which 800 japanese school pupils were asked to give their impressions of their classroom teachers. the pupils impressions were found to differ depending on whether the teacher was new(with less than three years experience), mi

12、ddle-standing(ten to twenty years), or a veteran(twenty to thirty years). the numbers in the table show the percentage of the pupils who answered “ very satisfied” or “ extremely satisfied” for each question item. question items new middle-standing veteran 1. shows a sense of humor in class 42 56 70

13、 2. explains clearly 33 58 68 3. teaches in a relaxed(轻松的 )manner 30 46 65 4. writes neatly on the blackboard 9 43 56 5. lets pupils ask questions in class 18 30 47 6. makes checks and comments in notebooks 22 30 43 7. speaks loudly and clearly 45 85 54 8. treats all pupils squally 43 58 42 9. cares

14、 about pupils opinions 47 43 17 10. spends time with pupils between classes 25 10 6 1. in contrast( 对比 )to the new teachers, the middle-standing and veteran teachers seem to have made a remarkable( 显著的 )improvement in their ability to_. a. be fair to any pupil b. evaluate(评价 )pupils progress c. pres

15、ent materials clearly d. understand and play with pupils 2. pupils seem to regard the new and the middle-standing teachers as being more _than the veteran. a. relaxed in class b. interested in pupils ideasc. neat in appearance d. skilful at explaining 3. according to the table, which of the followin

16、g is right? a. in the new teachers classes, pupils seem to ask questions more freely. b. pupils seem to be quite satisfied with amount(总量 )of time their teachers spend with them between classes. c. the evaluation of the middle-standing teachers is lower than that of the veterans in seven items. d. t

17、hough veterans do not play games with pupils during breaks, their teaching is rated highly. 4. compared with the new teachers, _. a. the middle-standing teachers lack energy to teach b. the middle-standing teachers feel difficult to teach c. the veterans feel it relaxing to teach d. the veterans fee

18、l the older they are, the more difficult it is to teach 【答案与解析】1. b 解析：这是一道细节理解题。根据 item8，选项 a 不正确； 根据 item7，选项 c 不正确；根据 item10，选项 d 不正确。所以正确答案为b。2. b 解析：这是一道细节理解题。根据item3 ，选项 a 不正确；根据item2，选项 d 也不正确；选项c 文章里没有提到。所以答案为b。3. d 解析：这是一道细节理解题。根据item5，选项 a 不正确；根据item10 ，选项 b 不正确；根据item1-6 ，选项 c 不正确；所以选d。4.

19、 c 解析：这是一道细节理解题。根据item7，选项 a 不正确；根据item3 ，选项 b、d 不正确；故答案为c。britain s oldest man made his first visit to london yesterday at the age of 101. mr. john evans had never found the time or money to make the trip from his home in forest fach, near swansea. but, when british rail offered him an all-expenses

20、-paid birthday trip to the capital he just could not refuse. he arrived at paddington station and smartly turned out in his best suit, favorite panama hat and a red rose in his buttonhole. “ it s very exciting. there s no doubt about it,” he said. until yesterday he had never been far from home, exc

21、ept for one trip to aberdeen. “ but i ve been on the seas to that faraway land called ilfracombe 21 miles fro m home,” he joked. mr evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in south wales, almost made the journey to london once before, at the turn of the century. “ there was a trip to the white

22、city but it was ten shillings return from swansea too much i thought. all my money went to the family then,” he said. during the next two days mr. evans will be taken on a short tour of london to see the sights. top of his list is a visit to the house of parliament organized by his mp, mr. gareth wa

23、rdell. the only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided for him if he gets tired. “ i don t like the chair people will think i am getting old. ” he said. his secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized no wine, no tobacco and no anger. before setting off from swan

24、sea with his 76-year-old son, amwell, he said jokingly, “ i m glad to see they ve given me a return ticket. ”1. the very reason that mr. evans didn t go to see the world is that _. a. he had already been on the seas to ilfracombe b. he was too busy to go too far away from home c. he couldn t afford

25、both the time and the moneyd. he believed “ east or west, home is best”2. mr evans didn t like the wheelchair simply because _. a. he was not used to traveling in it b. the wheelchair was of poor quality and not easy to operate c. he actually preferred walking to sitting in it at home d. he thought

26、he was still young enough to manage the trip 3which of the following is not true according to the passage ？a. mr. evans had to work hard to raise his family when young. b. the trip to london excited mr. evans very much. c. mr. evans could not really enjoy the trip because of his age. d. humor was on

27、e of mr. evans characters. 4the probable explanation to mr. evans long life lies in _. a. his good living habits b. his hard working for the family c. his sticking to his hometown d. his living conditions near the swansea 1. c 细节理解题。从第一段第二句话“never found the time or money”可知。2. d 细节理解题。从第六段第二句话“peopl

28、e will think i am getting old ”可知。3c 细节理解题。从第二段，尤其是最后一句话可知。4a 细节理解题。从第六段最后一句话“no wine, no tobacco and no anger”可知。第二周from the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research. and so far, we ha

29、ve achieved many successes. but there are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not cease trying to progress. the international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration. it is not only helpful but also essential. it provides a proper space environment for ma

30、ny experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time. it is also a base for the observations of the earth and the universe. it could also be an important base for later travel to the moon and mars. in a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space sta

31、tion. as the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. the usa seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone，and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. so it aggregated many other countries to work on it togethe

32、r. though it is still extremely expensive, it is much cheaper than doing it alone. it is really a job that needs everyone s effort and will benefit everyone.but even so, the funds needed are still a big problem. as for the usa, it seems that it has too many things to spend its money on. although it

33、is the richest country in the world, it has much debt every year. it has to make arrangements about its finance, and try to find a balance in all these issues. 语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。国际空间站对于人类探索太空起着至关重要的作用。由于耗资巨大，财大气粗的美国单独建造起来也并不那么成功。只有各国合作起来，才能解决资金问题，从而使国际空间站造福全人类。1what is the author s attitude towards build

34、ing and developing the international space station? a. supportive. b. doubtful. c. critical. d. dissatisfied. 解析 态度判断题。 根据第一段中的“ we should not cease trying to progress”和文中作者介绍国际空间站的重要性可知，作者对建设国际空间站持支持态度。答案 a 2from paragraph 2 we learn that _. a. the necessity of building the international space stat

35、ion is not realized now b. many experiments have been done in the international space station c. the international space station is necessary for people to explore space more d. people have traveled to mars from the international space station 解析 细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“ in a word ， if we want to explore spa

36、ce more， the first thing we should do is to set up a space station”可知，国际空间站是进行太空探索所必需的。答案 c 3which of the following is not a reason for countries cooperation in building the international space station? a. that it requires a lot of money. b. that it needs everyone s effort.c. that it will benefit ev

37、ery participating country. d. that it is too far away from the earth. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ as the space station costs a lot of money.”和“ it is really a job that needs everyone s effort and will benefit everyone”可知， a、b、c 三项均提到了，而文章中没有提到d。答案 d 5the underlined word “ aggregated ” in paragraph 3 can be re

38、placed by “ _ ”a. united b. scolded c. allowed d. forbade 解析 词义猜测题。由该词所在的语境可知，发展国际空间站耗资巨大，因此美国联合其他一些国家共同来建设该工程，即该词的意思相当于united。答案 a 5which of the following aspects about building the international space station is not mentioned in the passage? a. difficulties. b. cooperation. c. significance. d. spe

39、cific arrangements. 解析 细节理解题。 第二段提到了建设国际空间站的重要性，第三段提到了建设国际空间站面临的困难和合作的重要性，但是文中没有涉及具体细节安排，故答案为d。答案 d 长难句解读 from the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research. 此句较长，但是简单句，句子前半部是介词短语，结构是“fr

40、om.to.”。语意：从最初使用火箭将卫星送入太空到建立空间站，人们一直在太空研究方面努力着。one potential problem with allowances is that childrensresponsible behavior can become about earning the allowance rather than the intrinsic ( 固有的 ) value of their family responsibilities. for example, if you pay your children for taking out the trash,

41、they see this chore (家务 ) as a job that they should be rewarded for instead of a responsibility they must fulfill as part of the family. but giving children an allowance for weekly chores is not necessarily bad. you are rewarding them for fulfilling their family responsibilities, but it is not for a

42、 specific act. rather, it is an appreciation of their commitment to your family values. you are also conveying another important message that their actions have consequences: if they do good things, good things happen. they also learn a lesson about the market economy, namely that work is rewarded.

43、allowances can also be used as punishment and to teach children lessons about family values. for example, if your children join a group of kids smashing (砸碎 ) pumpkins on halloween, a part of a reasonable punishment might be to require them to pay the families out of their allowances to replace the

44、pumpkins. thus, your children learn that bad behavior has financial consequences. also, by relating the punishment to the misdeed, you ensure that your children see the connection and learn the value lesson. how much allowance should you pay your children？the precise amount depends on your family s

45、financial situation, the cost of living and your children s needs. children can start to earn a weekly allowance as early as 5 years of age. an increase of $ 1 per week for each ydar of your children s lives is realistic until they reach their midteens. when they begin to drive and date, you can cal

46、culate their expenses and establish a reasonable allowance that covers their needs. 语篇解读 本文为议论文，就“ 孩子做家务要不要给予物质奖励” 这一话题进行谈论。文章分析了其利与弊，最后还就怎样的金额比较合适提出了自己的看法。1the underlined sentence in the 1st paragraph probably means that “ giving allowances may _ ”a. lead to children s preference for money rather t

47、han anything else b. lead to children s preference for earning money by their ownc. cause the problem that children value money more than responsibilities d. cause children to earn money instead of going to school 解析 句意理解题。 根据接下来的一句的举例说明可知前一句的句意，孩子会认为做家务得到奖励是合理的，而不认为做家务是他的责任。答案为c。答案 c 2how many adva

48、ntages of giving allowances are mentioned in the passage? a. one. b. two. c. three. d. four. 解析 推理判断题。 第一段最后三句分别提到了三点好处，第二段的第一句论及了使用经济方式作为处罚的好处。显然文中共提及四点好处，故选d。答案 d 3when your children join a group of kids smashing pumpkins on halloween ，_. a. they should be taught that bad behavior has financial co

49、nsequences b. they should be rid of their opportunity to celebrate halloween c. you should give them some allowances to pay for the pumpkins d. you should ensure your children see the connection with their lessons 解析 事实细节题。 根据第二段第三句可知a 正确，让孩子意识到做出不好的行为要承担经济后果。其他选项均与第二段内容不符。答案 a 4the precise allowanc

50、e amount you should pay your children depends on all the following factors except_. a. how rich or poor your family is b. how much other children receive c. the actual needs of your children d. the living standard in your area 解析 正误判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，a、c 和 d 均正确。故选b。答案 b 5it can be inferred that_. a. th

51、e author doesn t want to give any tips on the allowance amount b. allowances given to children of different ages may vary c. children under 6 can t be given any allowanced. the allowance amount grows at the same speed with your children 解析 推理判断题。 根据文章最后两句可知b 正确。最后一段作者就具体数量提了自己的意见，故a 错。 c 与第三段第三句不符，d

52、 过于绝对化。答案 b 长难句解读 for example，if you pay your children for taking out the trash ，they see this chore(家务 )as a job that they should be rewarded for instead of a responsibility they must fulfill as part of the family. 该句为一个多重复合句。第一层次为they see this chore as a job ； 第二层次有两个： if you pay your children for

53、 taking out the trash 为条件状语从句，that they should be rewarded for instead of a responsibility 为定语从句修饰job。第三层次为they must fulfill as part of the family，是省略了which/that 的定语从句，修饰responsibility。第三周pop stars today enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty (皇室 ). wherever they go, people turn out in their t

54、housands to greet them. the crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. the stars are transported in their chauffeur driven rollsroyces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. they are surrounded by a permanent entourage(随从 ) of managers, press ag

55、ents and bodyguards. photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported，for, like royalty, pop stars are news. if they enjoy many of the privileges of royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. it is dangerous for them to make unsch

56、eduled appearances in public.they must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds who idolize them. they are no longer private individuals, but public property. the financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are great. and why not? society has

57、always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. the great days of hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation ( 奉承 ) on an alltime scale. by today s standards, the excesses of hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. a single gramophone record nowadays may earn

58、 much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. the competition for the title “ top of the pops” is fierce, but the rewards are truly huge. it is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. don t the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the service they perform to th

59、eir companies and their countries? pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large industrial companies and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer(国库 ). so who would begrudge them their rewards? it s all very well for people in bori

60、ng jobs to complain about the successes and rewards of others. people who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. for every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. a man working in a steady job and looking