主语从句翻译讲解及练习PPT

1、1CET能力发展计划翻译系列之一：主语从句2Definition:主语o主语：句子的核心主体，通常位于谓语之前，表明一个句子是谁或何种情况所发出执行或者承受的。o句子欣赏句子欣赏oLife is a matter of choice.oLosing can be a real beginning. oThe selfless can be fearless. The ignorant can be fearless. The shameless can be fearless.3More ExamplesoI think, therefore I am. oI doubt, therefore

2、 I am.oI pay tuition, therefore I am.oI eat, therefore I am.oTo light the candle of heart is better than to curse the darkness of the outside world.oFrom words to deeds is a great space.4Definition：主语从句o正传正传o在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫做主语从句，引在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫做主语从句，引导主语从句的词有从属连词，连接代词，关系代导主语从句的词有从属连词，连接代词，关系代词，连接副词等，

3、它们在句子中不能省略。词，连接副词等，它们在句子中不能省略。o外传外传o当充当主语的部分是一个当充当主语的部分是一个句子句子时，这个句子就叫时，这个句子就叫从句。因为他们家姓从句。因为他们家姓“主主”，所以就成为，所以就成为“主语主语从句从句”；又因为这个；又因为这个“主语从句主语从句”在这个家中势在这个家中势力强大，所以干脆整个句子就称为力强大，所以干脆整个句子就称为“主语从句主语从句”了，外号了，外号“主从主从”。5记住十种句型o十种主语从句句型，根据引导词的不同而划分。o十种主语从句的练习。6句型一：That + 完整句=名词oThat education plays a vital r

4、ole in all walks of life is clear.oThat everyone may receive at least a senior high school education is significant.oThat all men are created equal and that both men and women should enjoy equal rights are nothing but slogans and desires. 7句型二：Whether + 完整句=名词oWhether you can succeed in making your

5、dream come true depends on hard work more than luck.oWhether computer can replace the role of teachers has long been a hot topic.8句型三：how + 完整句=名词oHow you think and act will influence your life.9句型四：where+ 完整句=名词oWhere we love is home.oWhere our language is stored in the brain and how the form and m

6、eaning are stored and whether the form and meaning are stored in the same place or in a different place are still major problems for psychologists to probe into.10句型五：when + 完整句=名词oWhen the sun is shining is the best time to repair the roof.oWhen you can finish it depends on your efforts.11句型六：why +

7、 完整句=名词oWhy so many people prefer to live in the city is beyond me.oWhy we need to love and hate and why we need to set a clear line between our love and hate are commonplace questions, but these questions, though commonplace, defy easy answers.12句型七：whoever + 不完整句=名词oWhoever wants to reach a distan

8、t goal must take many small steps.oWhoever dares wins.oWhoever seeks obtains. 13句型八：which + 不完整句=名词oWhich way you turn is up to you.oWhich girl you choose to be your girlfriend is your decision.14句型九：what + 不完整句=名词oWhats done cant be undone.oWhat we do willingly is easy.15句型十：Whatever+ 不完整句=名词oWhate

9、ver is at the center of our life will be the source of our wisdom and power.oWhatever you love in this world loves you in return.16句子翻译练习o你需要的是更多的练习。oWhat you need is more practice.o他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。oIt doesnt make any difference whether they join us or not.o很明显他已经尽力而为了。oThat he has done his best is

10、obvious.o他们什么时候来还不知道。oWhen they will come is still not known.17句子翻译练习o她渴望的是更多的钱。oWhat she needs is more money.o犯人是如何逃跑的是个迷。oHow the criminal escaped was a mystery.o不论谁来都欢迎。oWhoever comes is welcomed.o他是如何成功的仍然是个迷。oHow he succeeded was a mystery.18句子翻译练习o我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。oWhether we will hold a par

11、ty outside tomorrow depends on the weather.o她干了什么尚不清楚。oWhat she has done is not clear.o她去了哪儿，还不知道。oWhere she has gone is not known.19形式主语句o用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： oa. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that 重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显 o b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句

12、It is believed that人们相信 It is known to all that 从所周知 It has been decided that 已决定 20形式主语句o c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是 od. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起 21主语从句和形式主语句的转

13、化o谁去，这不重要。 oWho will go is not important.oIt is not important who will go. o到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。 oWhich team will win the match is still unknown. oIt is still unknown which team will win the match. 22主语从句和形式主语句的转化o他还活着全靠运气。 oThat he is still alive is sheer luck.oIt is sheer luck that he is still alive.o他们何

14、时结婚依然不明。 oWhen they will get married remains unknown.oIt remains unknown when they are going to get married.23主语从句和形式主语句的转化o这一计划是否可行还有等证实。 oWhether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. oIt remains to be proved whether the plan is feasible. o书销售如何取决于作者本人 oHow the book will sell depends on its author.oIt depends on its author how the book will sell.24句子翻译练习o据说格林先生已经到北京了。oIt is said