新编大学英语3课后习题答案

1、Unit 1 Personality(P14)Post Reading3Reading ComprehensionUnderstanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction (Para. 1) :Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.2) Reasonswhy shyness can have a negative effect (Para.2-3)People s self-concept has a profound effect on all

2、 areas of their lives.People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.3) Ways of overcoming shyness (Para. 4-15)i) Recognize your personal strengths andweaknesses.ii) Set reasonable goals.iii) Don t waste t

3、ime and energy on destructive feelingssuch as guilt and shame.iv) Don t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.v) Do not make negative comments about yourself.vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully.vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing themas learning experiences.viii) Do no

4、 associate with people who make you feel inadequate.ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluateyour goals regularly.x) Practice being in social situations.4) Conclusion (Para. 16)The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.1. Understandin

5、g Specific Information1) F2) T3) T4)T5) F6) T7)F8) F9) T2. (略)Vocabulary Practice1. ” Self- ” is a prefix which means of, to or by oneself or itself. Words with the prefix “ self- ” that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-

6、destructive, self-awareness, self-acceptance, self-rejection, self-confident.2. self-conscious(worried and embarrassed about whatyou look like or what other people think of you)3. self-confidence (beliefin one s ownability, power,judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)4. self-esteem (the feeling that

7、 you are someone whodeserves to be liked, respected, or admired)5. self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that arecounter to one s own best interests)6. self-worth (the value you give to your life andachievements)7. self-concept (one s conception or general idea ofone s own basic character and n

8、ature)7.about oneself)8.Self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment self-assurance / self-confidence (the belief that2. 1) BL4) AD7) E8) NC12) F3. 1) profound numerous2) I5) H9) J13) G2) jealousy4) overweight3)6)6) eventually7) slimcompliments 9) diminish10) M11)14) K3)5) overcome8)10) reassura

9、nce11) detrimental12) isolated13) self-esteem 14) accented4. 1) reflectedprofound effect / influence4) viewed / regarded respond / react7)eliminated concentrate on10) made no comment2) concerned / worried3)5) sensitive 6)8) overcome my fear 9)you are able to deal with people and problems easily)Tran

10、slation1. You should spend a reasonable amount of timerelaxing and exercising.2. In general children are healthier and bettereducated than ever before.3. When the right opportunitycome along, he ll takeit.4. Every day he sets aside some time to be with hisfamily and enjoy life.5. I remember those da

11、rk streets and walking hand inhand with my father.6. He finally failed to live up to his parentsexpectations.7. In contrast, our use of oil has increasedenormously.8. He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatalweakness.Part Four Writing and Translation(P 46)2 . Translation PracticeFrom Chinese

12、 into English1) It is believed that pessimism often leads tohopelessness, sickness and failure.2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy andsuccessful.3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure asa learning experience.4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence

13、in front of problems or difficulties.5) Don t let negative thoughts hold you back.6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments,so don t blame yourself too much.Unit 2 Myths and Legends(P60)Post Reading3 Reading Comprehension1. Testing Your Memory1) Because they were invited to a feast in

14、 the sky.2) He saw the birds were busy preparing.3) He planned to go to the feast / sky with the birds.4) They didn t agree because Tortoise was mischievous /cunning and ungrateful.5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he wasa changed man.6) He madetwo wings with all the feathers he go

15、t from eachbird.7) All of you.8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palmwine, etc.9) For whom have you prepared this feast?10) Because he knew the answer would be “ For all of you” , which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first.11) They were very angry.12) They took bac

16、k the feathers they had lent him.13) He asked them to take a message to his wife.14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to

17、land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead.16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.2. Finding the Best SummarySample:Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, there was a famine, and the birds got an invitation from the sky to att

18、end a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather. Tortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have all the food by naming himself "All of you". When they reached the sky, th

19、ey received a warm welcome, and soon the food was presented to them. Then he asked one of the people in the sky, "For whom have you prepared all this feast?" The man replied: "For all of you." So he ate almost all the best food. The birds becamevery angry and took back their feat

20、hers before flying home. Without feathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces.3. Acting out the Story (略)4. Taking SidesSample:1) I don't admire Tortoise's cleverness. He was unwise to cheat all the birds. After his mischief, how could he have face to live to

21、gether with them any longer? He would have no friends at all. He was clever, but at the same time he was also stupid . Whenall the birds became so angry, how could he have trusted Parrot? He should have jumped into the sea to avoid being hurt.I sympathize with the birds. They took Tortoise out of ki

22、ndness, but after flying such a long distance, they had to fly back home on an empty stomach. They were formally invited, but the food was eaten by Tortoise. I think the birds werevery unlucky.2) I learned from the story that a) we should be honest, and shouldn't cheat others. If we cheat others

23、, we will be punished in the end; b) we shouldn't be carried away by sweet words, like the birds; c) a leopard can't change its spots, nor can Tortoise. He was cunning, he could never change his personality and behave himself.B.C. invitingVocabulary Practice1. 1) A. invitation invited2) A. p

24、repare preparedB.C. preparationB.C. discovered5) A. eloquent eloquence6) A. faithful unfaithful/faithless faith7) A. occasional occasionally8) A. delivery deliveringB.C. occasionB.C. deliveredD. preparatory / preparation3) A. discoveries discoverers4) A. approvalB.approveC.approvedD. approvingE. dis

25、approveB.C. eloquentlyB.C.D. faithfully9) A. troublesomeB.troubledtroubledC.D. troublingB.C. assure10) A. assurance assured2. 1) got / ran into trouble2) notrouble3) asking for trouble4) have trouble5) troublewith 6) in serious/deep/big trouble7) get/getting into trouble8) took the trouble3.1) with

26、a pattern of roses2) prepared a wonderful / good meal for us3) promised faithfully4) deliver this letter5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate6) keep out of mischief / behave themselves7) the sound of distant thunder8) received approval from the government9) in spite of the fact that he drank to

27、o much10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart Four Writing and Translation(P 96)2. Translation PracticeFrom English into Chinese万物之初， 天地还是一体， 充满混沌。 宇宙如同一个大黑蛋， 盘古就在黑蛋里。一万八千年以后，盘古长睡醒来，他感到窒息，于是他拿起一把大斧子，用尽全身力量砸开黑蛋。轻的、透明的部分冉冉上升，变成了天；而冷的、混浊的物体依然在下面，变成了大地。盘古站在中间，顶天立地。天地开始以每天一丈的速度分开，盘古的身子也随着长高。一万八千年后，

28、天更高，地更厚，盘古像一根九百万里高的柱子伫立其间，天地永远也无法再合在一起。Unit 3 Social Probelms(P111)Post Reading3Reading Comprehension1.What the Text Discusses1) financial career later guilty2)3)4)5) hurt6) resentful independence7) productive9) responsibility8)10) trusted11) frightening12)resentment13) abandoned14) factors15) quali

29、ty1) T2) F3) T4)F5) T6) F7) F8)F9) F 10) F2.Understanding Specific Information3. （略）Vocabulary Practice8) D 9) L 10)1.1) . C 2) H 3) G 4) A 5) E 6) K 7) I B 11) J 12) F2 1) constantly burden2) impact4) Candidly3)5) fulfillment salaried7) resentment6)8) assistance9) perfect10) suppress3. 1 ) successf

30、ully resentment necessity5) advisableaccessibility7) athletic9) emotional2)3) security4)6) access /8) maturity10) effectively4. Sentence-Making Game (略)Directions: Make sentences with the words written on the board. You may use more than one word at a time. The sentence you make must bemeaningful an

31、d grammatically correct. Speed and accuracy are both part of the game.(注意掌握下列词的用法)rise, decade, expense, financial, affect, on the other land, priority, engage, range, forbid, isolate, stimulate, express, claim, widespread, given, work out, take into consideration, in case of, secure, arise, cope wi

32、th, demand, provideTranslation1.Because of an emergency, the doctor will not beavailable for several hours.2.How will taxes affect people with low incomes?3.My mother always told methat in the long run I wouldbe glad I didn t give up practicing the piano.4. The books range in price form $10 to $20.5

33、. It seems to me that you don t have much choice.6. Given their inexperience, they have done quite agood job.7. For such a big house the price is fairly cheap, butyou ve got to take into consideration the moneyyou will spend on repairs.8.Can we begin by discussing questions arising fromthe last meet

34、ing?Part Four Writing and Translation(P 142)2. Translation PracticeFrom English into Chinese1)孩子最好远离毒品一个电话报警者打来三个电话， 报告毒品交易。 他还对交易场所中小孩子的健康表示了忧虑。 有两人被发现因吸入过量毒品而深度中毒， 现场还发现大量被使用过的注射器。屋内情况非常糟糕，孩子们立即得到了保护。2 )在逃的武装抢劫犯落入法网四名武装抢劫犯在逃离现场时， 开枪打伤了一名警察。 警察抓住了两名罪犯，但是不能确认另两名逃走的罪犯的身分。 打进报警热线的一个电话准确、 详细地描述了这起事件和其中

35、一个逃走的罪犯。 不久， 一名男子被抓获， 他被指控企图谋杀及武装抢劫。Unit 4 Career Planning(P158)Post Reading3 Reading Comprehension1) Understanding the Organization of the Text2) IntroductionCareer planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps.3) Students weaknesses in career planning ( Para. 2)i) Most students cho

36、ose from a very narrow groupof occupations.ii) 40 to 60 percent of the students chooseprofessional occupations, but only 15 to 18 percent of the work force is engaged in professional work.iii) Young menlack interest in fields that offer manyjobopportunities.iv)of occupation.A third of the students a

37、re unable to express any choice4) Serious flaws in the ways manypeople makedecisions ( Para. 35)i) complacency - ignoring challenginginformationii) defensive avoidance - resorting to wishfulthinking or daydreamingiii) hypervigilance - searching frantically for careerpossibilities and seizing on hast

38、ily invented solutions5) Keys to career planning ( Para. 611)i) Study yourself.ii) Write your career goals down.iii) Review your plans and your progress periodically withanother person.iv) If you choose a career that does not fit you, you canstart over.6) Changes in careers ( Para. 1113)i) Few chang

39、es involve downward movement; mostinvolve getting ahead.ii) Job changes and career shifts occur at all ages.7) Conclusion ( Para. 1415)Although there is no sure way to make career plans work out, there are things that you can do now to shape your career possibilities.2.Understanding Specific Informa

40、tionI) TTTII) T2) T5) F8) T12) F3) F6) T9) T4)7)10) F3. （略）Vocabulary Practice1. 1) acceptable 2) efficiency 3) implications 4) instability 5) rationalize6) evaluation 7) unforeseeable 8) invention9)hastily10) probability11) professional 12) challenging13)defensive14) personality2. 1) in case 2) Eve

41、ry so often 3) resort to4) talk over 5)start over6) in reality7) at stake8) seized on9) leadingto 10) take stock of4) both 5) provided 6)3. 1) programs 2) way 3) technical who8) such 8) needed 9) opportunities 10) when 11) to 12) Completion13) holding 14) early 15) hire 16) promote 17) up 18) educat

42、ingTranslation1. 几年前他心脏动了一次大手术。 (undergo)He underwent major heart surgery several years ago.2我们估计完成这项工作要花一个星期。(estimate)We estimated that it would take a week to finish the work.3许多妇女发现从事一种职业同时又要孩子是很困难的事。(pursue)Many women find it difficult to combine pursuing a career and having a child / children.

43、4你可以爱一个人而不一定要跟他/ 她结婚。 (necessarily)You may love someone without necessarily wanting to marry him/ her.5她不接电话时我只好站在她窗外叫她。(resort to)When she didn t answer the telephone, I resorted to standing outside her window and calling up to her.6可能下雨你最好带把伞，以防万一。(in case)It may rain - you d better take an umbrel

44、la (just) in case.7英国要求召开最高级会议(summit) 来审视世界秩序中发生的根本变化。(take stock of)Britain has requested a summit to take stock of the fundamental changes in the world order.8她非常虔诚，因此对死并不惧怕。(hold)She is very religious, so death holds no fear for her.Part Four Writing and Translation(P 195)2. Translation Practice

45、From Chinese into EnglishA. Interviewer: Do you have a boyfriend?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is he here, in this city?Applicant:No, he is in another city.Interviewer: Sorry, will not employ you.Applicant:Why not?Interviewer: You would not be keeping your mind on your work. What s more, we do not want

46、 to see our telephone bill increase enormously because of you.B. Interviewer: Do you have a girlfriend?Applicant:No.Interviewer: Have you ever dated a girl?Applicant:Yes, but she didn t want to date me.Interviewer: Do you want to date girls after you have a job?Applicant:I will set my mind on work f

47、irst. I will notconsider my marriage now.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you.Applicant:Why not?Interviewer: You are lacking in the ability of dealing with interpersonal relationships. Also, you lack self-confidence.C.Interviewer: Do you have a girlfriend?Yes.Applicant:Interviewer: Is she pret

48、ty?Applicant:Not quite.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you.Applicant:Can it be that a plain girlfriend will affect yourcompany s image?Interviewer: It s not that. But our companyengages in works of art. Your aesthetic judgment does not satisfy our company s need.D. Interviewer: Do you have a

49、girlfriend?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is she pretty?Applicant:Very.Interviewer: Is she your first love?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because you lack the initiative in pursuing the better unceasingly.E. Interviewer: Is she pretty?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is she your fir

50、st love?Applicant:No, I had a couple of girlfriends before.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because you would soon job-hop.F.Interviewer: Do you have a boyfriend?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is he very rich?Applicant:No.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because your job is to work

51、 with money. I am afraid you cannot resist the temptation.G. Interviewer: Do you have a boyfriend?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is he very rich?Applicant:Yes, he has his own company.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because even your boyfriend s company doesn t employ you.Applicant:But that s

52、 because his company doesn t have aposition suitable for me.Interviewer: What s your major then?Applicant:Secretary.Interviewer: Sorry, we still cannot employ you. Pretty girls will affect our company s work.Applicant:But I am not pretty.Interviewer: That s even worse. If you are not pretty, our man

53、ager will not be interested in you.Unit 5 Language(P212)Post Reading3Reading Comprehension1. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction: the most important day in her life2) Para. 2-3 Her feelings before her teacher arrived.3) Para. 4 The first encounter with the teacher.4) Para. 5-9

54、How she discovered words.A. Para. 5 Her initial success in learning: She leanedthe spelling of a few words.B. Para. 6 The difficulties encountered in learningthe meaning of words and her reaction.C. Para. 7-8 Her new sight that everything had a nameand each gave birth to a new thought.D. Para. 9 Her

55、 feelings and her outlook on life beforeshe fell asleep that night after her trip to the well-house.2. Understanding Specific Information(1) I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. (l 23)A. What do the two lives refer to?The two lives she led before and after the teacher came.B. What does it refer to?The day when her teacher came to her.Before the teacher came, she lived in a still, dark world in which there was no strong sentiment or tenderness. From that day on, she began to