完成句子解题策略之时态

1、完成句子解题策略之时态分析近几年高考试题不难看出，时态是考生害怕也 是容易出现错误的考点，本文就考生容易出错的时态考点， 谈谈几种基本的解题策略。首先，我们来看几道近几年湖北卷关于时态的考题。如:1. not until two days after the earthquake her mother alive （find）直到地震2天后，她才发现她的妈妈还活着。2. if alcohol last night, i could have driven my car home （drink）如果我昨晚没有喝酒，我就能开车回家。3. my mother was so proud of all

2、, tha/t she rewarded me with a trip to beijing. （do）我妈妈对我所做的事情感到非常骄傲，以至于她奖励我 去北京旅行。4. last nighs tv news said that by then the death of the missing people yet （prove）昨晚电视新闻说，截止到新闻发出时，失踪人员的死亡 情况还未得到证实。5. if times , have our ways of thinking changedtoo? (change) 如果时代变了，我们的思维方式也会改变吗？6. had we not used

3、an out-of-date train schedule, we the train. (miss)要不是用了过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会错过火车。7. the chief engineer together with his colleagues new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.(look)五年以来，总工程师和他的同事们一直在寻找新的科学 农耕方法。解析1. did she find.本题考查倒装和时态。时间状 语 two days after the earthquake,表明用过去时。2. i had not

4、 drunk.本题是考查虚拟语气中的时态。 时间状语last night,表明用过去时。3. that i had done.本题考查定语从句和时态。主句 是一般过去时，“我”做的事情发生在过去的过去，所以用 过去完成时。4. had not been proved.本题考查过去完成时的被动 语态。句子中by then是重要的时间状语标志，表示prove 这一动作到过去某一时间为止还未完成，即发生在过去的过 去，所以用过去完成时。5. have changed.考查动词时态。本题考查现在完成 时，从句意来看“时代变了”是延续到现在的动作，所以要 用现在完成时。这个题考生容易受if的干扰，首先可

5、能会 想到一般现在时态，但是根据句子的后半句理解，可以做出 正确的判断。6. would not have missed.本题是考查虚拟语气中的 时态。从句是省略辻，had提前的倒装句，对过去事情的 虚拟。7. has been looking for本题考查现在完成进行时， 这五年来动作一直在持续。方法小结一般说来，考题不会单纯的考查动词时态， 命题人往往会把时态、语态、定语从句、虚拟语气和主谓一 致等结合在一起进行考查，所以在做题之前，要先分清句子 含义，理清句子结构，考虑动词特殊用法，做到这些，相信 关于时态的习题，就不是那么难了。策略一分清句子含义及语境例 1 what did you

6、r brother do before he works here?你的哥哥来这工作之前是干什么的？he for five years, (work)他做了 5年厨师。例 2 hi , jim, nice to see you again.你好，吉姆。很高兴又见到你。i you were in wuhan. (know)我不知道你在武汉。解析根据语境，例1中，你的兄弟在这儿工作之前是 一名厨师，说明现在没有当厨师了，虽然有for many years 时间状语，考生容易填写成现在完成时，但是这个动作只是 过去这段时间的动作，与现在无关，因此只需要用过去时态。 答案是:works as a co

7、oko例2中，我现在与朋友见面，知道他在武汉，所以是过 去不知道，过去的动作用过去时，答案是：didn, t knowo我们再在句子中体会语境暗示：the news that housing prices will be brought down is very exciting.关于房价将要下跌的新闻太令人兴奋 toif the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. but it rained all day. 如果那天天气好一点 的话，我们就会去野餐，可惜下了一天雨。策略二理清句子结构及时间状语例 3 last night

8、，john was answering the letters that during the past two weeks (arrive)昨天晚上，约翰在回复过去两周收到的信件。例 4 seldom video games ever since they entered college. (play)进入大学后他们就很少玩游戏了。解析 在例3中，根据时间状语last night以及定语从 句时态应该根据主句时态来确定，寄信的动作发生在过去的 过去，所以用过去完成时，答案是：had arrived for himo在例4中，根据时间状语ever since通常与完成时连 用,seldom的意

9、思是“很少"，含义否定意义的词放在句首, 句子应该倒装，答案是：have they playedo从以上两题我们可以看出，句子中通常有一些标志性的 时间状语。通常与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：usually, every day , sometimes , now , on sundays , in the morning/afternoon/evening通常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：last year/night/week, yesterday, 5 years ago通常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：tomorrow, soon , in a few days , ten

10、days later ,nexttime/week/month通常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:so far, already, in the recent years, recently, in the past/last ten years, since, ever since通常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：by+过去时间点, between 1911 and 1921 （过去时间）通常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有：by 2015 （将来 时间），at this time tomorrow, by the end of next term 策略三特殊句型特殊时态考生应该注意，如果遇到一些

11、固定句型，并没有根据时 间状语来确定时态，这就需要大家识记一些固定句型和习惯 性的表达。例 5 i feel so sick. i wish mumto eat so much. （force）我感觉很难受，我真希望我母亲没有逼我吃那么多。例 6 hardly he was met by his girlfriend （get） 他一下火车就遇见了他的女友。解析在例5中，根据语境i wish对过去事情的虚拟， 因此用过去完成时，答案是：hadn t forced me。在例6中，对hardly/scarcelywhen .特殊句 式的考查，通常hardly后面用过去完成时，when后面从句 用

12、过去式。答案是：had he got off the train wheno句型小结：1.虚拟语气句型i wish i were ten years younger.if i were you, i wouldn? t help him. （现在）if you had come earlier, you would have met him. （过去）it is high/about time that we went/should go toschool.i would rather you had finished your homeworkif only i had been to be

13、ijing.2. hardly/scarcely. when.no sooner. . . than. 表示 “一.就”hardly had i sat down when the bell rang.3. sb be doing sth when sth happenedsb be about to do sth when sth happenedsb be on the point of doing sth when sth happened 表示“正准备做突然i am about to go shopping when it began to rain.4. it was (not) +

14、段时间+before+从句(通常用 一般过去时)it w订1 (not) be +段时间+before+从句(通常用 一般现在时)it was five years before they finished the work.it will be five years before they finishes the work1. i at that time to decide whether i should accept the offer. (give)他们给了我十分钟来考虑是否要接受那个工作机会。2. i my sis ter several times before she cam

15、e, but the line was always busy. (phone)在我姐姐来之前我给她打过几次电话，但一直占线。3. as a st amp collec tor, he so much money on st amps. (regret)作为集邮者，他从不后悔花这么多钱在邮票上。4. when and where to go for the on-salary holiday yet. (decide)什么时候到哪里去度假还没决定。5. the boy when his mother came into his bedroom. (pretend)当那男孩的妈妈来到他卧室的时候

16、他假装睡着了。6. with the rapid development of scienee andtechnology, i can" t imagine in ten years. (what) 随着科技的快速发展，我想象不出十年后我的家乡会是 什么样子。7. li lei about ancient chinese history last year, but i don' t know whether he has finished it. (write)去年李雷在写一本有关中国古代历史的书，但我不知道 他是否写完了。8. the water when i jump

17、ed into the pool for morning exercise (feel)当我跳进游泳池进行早锻炼时，感觉水有点凉。9. since she left home, i have been worried about her and at all. (sleep)自她离开家，我一直担心她，因此一直没睡好。10. so far, nobody do bet ter than charlie chaplin in making people laugh(able)迄今为止，在逗乐方面卓别林无人能及。11. i in a big city five years ago. still, i don， t regret it. (teach)五年前我放弃了在大城市教书的工作。不过，我并不后 悔。12. lots of amusing activities to enrich students' school life by the students' union every year (hold)每年学生会都会举办多种趣味活动以