100个最最常用医学词根和词缀知识分享

1、此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除100 个最最常用医学词根和词缀Table 1 Examples of organs and systems（部分器官与系统术语）中文普通词根 /前 /后形容词示例缀1心heartcardiocardiaccardiology心脏病学cardialendocarditis心内膜炎myocarditis心肌炎2脑braincerebrocerebralcerebrum 大脑encephalocerebellum小脑encephalopathy脑病3颅skullcraniocranialintracranial颅内的4肺lungPulmopulmonar

2、ypulmonology肺病学pulmonopulmonitis肺炎5肝liverhepatohepatichepatitis 肝炎hepatobiliary肝胆的hepatoenterostomy肝 肠吻合6肾kidneynephrorenalnephritis 肾炎nephropathy肾病nephrectomy肾切除7胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis 胃炎gastrectomy胃切除8肠intestineenterointestinalenteritis 肠炎gutgastroenteritis胃肠炎bowelenterostomy肠造口术9食 道 /esop

3、hagusesophagoesophagealesophagitis食道炎管esophagoscopy食道镜10胆Bilecholebiliarycholecystitis胆囊炎（汁）cholesterol胆固醇11脾spleensplenosplenicsplenectomy脾切除splenomegaly脾大12胰pancreaspancreatopancreaticpancreatitis胰腺pancreatopathy胰腺病13膀胱bladdercystocysticcystitis 膀胱炎cystcystography膀胱造影14（泌）urineurourinaryurology 泌尿

4、病学尿urethrotransurethral经尿道的15直肠rectusrectorectalrectoscopy直肠镜检查rectoplasty直肠成形术rectocolitis直肠结肠炎只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除16结肠coloncolocolonalcolitis 结肠炎colostomy结肠造口17肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis心肌炎myoma 肌瘤18关节jointarthroarticulararthritis关节炎arthropathy关节病19骨boneosteoosteoarthritis骨关节炎osteoplas

5、ty骨整形20髓marrowmyelomyeloma骨髓瘤myelitis骨髓炎myelopathy骨髓病21血bloodhematohematichematology血液学hematoma血肿22血管vesselvasovascularvasopressin血管加压素angioangiography血管造影23动脉arteryarterioarterialarteriosclerosis动脉硬化24静脉veinvenovenousIntravenous静脉内的25神经nerveneuronervousneuron 神经元neuroma神经瘤26细胞cellcytocellularcytolo

6、gy细胞学leukocyte白细胞27眼eyeophthalmocularophthalmology眼科学ovisualophthalmitis眼炎oculo28耳earaudioauditoryAudiometer听力计audibleaudiosurgery耳外科29鼻noserhinonasalrhinorrhea鼻溢nasonasogastric鼻胃的30口mouthorooralorolingual口舌的31舌tonguelinguolingualsublingual舌下的32喉throatlaryngolaryngeallaryngectomy喉切除laryngitis喉炎33咽th

7、roatpharyngopharyngealpharyngitis咽炎34气 管 /Airway/ tracheotrachealtracheostomy气管插管道pipe/tracheoscope气管镜passagetracheoesophageal气 管食道的35体body-somephysicalpsychosomatice身心的/some-chromosome染色体36精神mindpsycho-mentalpsychology心理学psychosis精神病只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除Table 2 Examples of diseased states (

8、部分病态术语 )含义词跟 /前/后示例缀37病patho-pathogen病原体 / pathology病理学-pathyencephalopathy 脑病38病态-osisneurosis 神经病 / tuberculosis结核39增多-osisleukocytosis白细胞增多症40减少-peniapancytopenia全血细胞减少41炎症-it isarthritis 关节炎 / hepatitis 肝炎42肿块-omalymphoma淋巴瘤 / carcinoma癌43疼痛-algiaarthralgia关节痛 / analgesia止痛-algesia44血症-emialeuke

9、mia 白血病 / bacteremia菌血症45麻痹-plegiahemiplegia偏瘫 / myoplegia肌肉麻痹46坏死necrohepatonecrosis肝坏死 / necrotic坏死-necrosis的47不良mal-malnutrition营养不良 / malfunction功能障碍 ,48流出-rrheadiarrhea 腹泻 /menorrhea 月经49困难 /障碍dys-dysfunction功能障碍 / dyspnea 呼吸困难 / dysuria 排尿困难50无aatypical 不典型的 /asymptomatic无症an-状的 / anuria无尿 /an

10、algesia 止痛51复合 /多poly-polyuria 多尿/ polyopia 视物显多症52巨-megalysplenomegaly脾大 / acromegaly肢端肥大症53结石lithocholelithes 胆结石 / lithiasis 结石病-lith54硬化-sclerosisAthrosclerosis动脉粥样硬化/arteriosclerosis动脉硬化Table 3 Examples of surgical terminology（部分外科术语）含义前/后缀示例55切除-ectomygastrectomy胃切除56切开-otomycraniotomy开颅手术57造口

11、 /吻合-stomycolostomy结肠造口58整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics骨科59造影、描绘-graphyangiography血管造影 / radiography拍片60经 / 横向trans-transurethral经尿道的/transcutaneous经皮的/只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除transfusion输血61成形-plastyesophagoplasty食道成形术只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除Table 4 Examples of directions and positions (部分方向位置 )含

12、义普通前 /后缀示例62上Upper,epi- , supra-epigastric上腹部的/superiorsupraclavicular锁骨上的63下lower, inferiorinfra-, sub-subclavicular锁骨下的/inferiorvenacava 下腔静脉64前front, anterior,fore-,ante,forehead前额/priorpre-, antero,anteroposterior前后的 /正位的65后back,post-,retro-,postprandial餐后的/posterior, rearpostero-retroperitoneal

13、腹膜后的66内inner, internalIn-, intra, endo,Inhalation吸入/ento-endoscope内 窥 镜/intracranial 颅内的67外outer, externalex-, exo-extract提取 /excretion排泄 / exocardial心外的68侧lateralbilateral双侧的/unilateral单侧 的/contralateral对侧的69旁/副adjacent,para-parathyroid甲状旁腺/appendixparacancer 癌旁70周peripheral,peri-Perioperative围 术 的

14、/aroundperinatal围产的71间betweeninter-intercostal肋间 的 /intercedllular细胞间的72中心Centralcentro-, centri-centrifuge离心/centronucleus中心核Table 5 Examples of cells and colors（部分细胞与颜色）含义词根 /前/后缀示例73色chromo / cromochromosome 染色体 / cromolyn色苷酸钠74红erythroerythrocyte红细胞 / erythromycin红霉素75白Leukoleukocyte白细胞 / leukem

15、ia白血病76黑MelanoMelanoma黑色素瘤 / melena黑便77青、蓝Cyanocyanosis 紫绀78淋巴lymphlymphocyte淋巴细胞 / lymphoma淋巴瘤79粒Granulogranulocyte粒细胞 / granulocytosis粒细胞增多80成 细blastfibroblast成纤细胞只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除胞81网状Reticuloreticulocyte网状细胞82嗜 碱basi, baso, alkalobasophil 嗜碱性粒细胞的83嗜 酸eosino, acidoeosinocyte, eosinoph

16、il嗜酸性粒细胞的84凝 血Thrombothrombocyte凝血细胞（= 血小板的platelet ）只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除Table 6 Examples of compounds (部分化合物 )含义前/后缀示例85（ 酸 ）-atesulfate硫酸盐 / nitrate硝酸盐盐86醇-olalcohol酒精 / taxol紫杉醇 /ethanol乙醇87醛-almethylal甲缩醛 / retinal 视黄醛88糖-saccharide,glycogen糖 原 / glucose 葡 萄 糖/glyco-,gluco-,saccharide糖 / polysaccharide多糖saccharo-89酶-asetransaminase 转氨酶 / reductase还原酶90素-inheparin肝素 / nuclein核素91原-genantigen抗原 / collagen 胶原92苯基 /酚phenol-Phenol酚（石炭酸） / phenate 酚盐93氨基amino-Amino acid氨基酸 / aninosuria氨尿Table 7 Examples of nu