杨浦五角场新王牌暑期培训班新世纪高一上语法总汇

1、unit 1i 英语简单句的基本结构句子成分：主语，谓语动词，直接宾语，间接宾语，宾补，表语，状语1. 主谓2. 主谓宾3. 主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语4. 主谓宾+宾补5. 主系表状语町以出现在以上任何结构ii.时态the simple past the past continuous the past perfect the past futurethe simple present; the present continuous;the present perfect;the simple future;(1) mr smith will give lessons to his stude

2、nts in the morning tomorrow morning.(2) by 11 o'clock this morning, mr smith had already given three lessons to his students.(3) yesterday mr smith gave a less on to his students.(4) mr smith is giving a less on to his students now.(5) mr smith said he would give lessons to his students next day

3、(6) mr smith had already given three lessons to his students today(7) mr smith was giving a less on to his stude nts this time yesterday.(8) mr smith usually gives lessons to his students in the morning.unit 2语态（谓语动词）主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者谓语动词形式：be+过去分词；情态动词+be+过去分词unit 3 the lnfinitive（动词不定式）

4、构成：to+动词原形，冇时省略to特性：名词，形容词，副词角色：主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语,unit 4 the gerund （动名词）构成：动词原形+ing,与动词的现在分词形式相同 特性：名词角色：主语，宾语，表语，定语unit 5i. types of sentences 句子种类1. 简单句(the simple sentence):只包含一个主谓结构2. 并列句(the compound sentence)：由两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构相互连接, 常用并列连词有and, but, or, so, for等3. 复合句(the complex sentence)：

5、含冇从句的句了，也称主从复合旬按照从句在主句中的语法作用，可分为状语从句；定语从句；名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从何，同位语从句ii the adverbial clause(状语从句)1. 定义：在句中作状语的从句2. 种类及常用连接词时间，地点，条件，原因，讣步，目的，结果，比较，方式(1) as, as if, as though(2) so that, so.that, such.that(3) where, wherever(4) if, un less, so io ng as, as i on g as(5) though, although, even ifno mat

6、ter.,whatever; whether(6) when, as, while, before,after; until, till, since, as soon as.(7) because, sin ce,as(8) than, as.as,not as/so.as(9) so that, in order thatiii. the object clause (宾语从彳j)1. 定义：在句中做宾语2. 连接词：(1) 常有that引导zthat 般可省略(2) 连接代词：what, who, which, whose连接副词： where, when, why, how, whet

7、her(3) 语序：宾语从句保持陈述句语序(4) 时态:主句一般过去吋，从句：相应过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将來时)unit 6 the relative clause (1)定语从句1. 作用：修饰名词或代词2. 位置：通常紧跟被修饰的名词或代词3. 引导定语从句的关系代词(relative pronouns)主格宾格所有格指代人whowhom/thatwhosethatthat指代物whichwhichwhose/of whichthatthat4. 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略5. 定语从句中作介词宾语的关系代词若紧跟介词之麻，只能用whom或whic

8、h,不能省略6. 例句体会(找岀定语从句，关系代词，先行词)(1) a cartoon is an amusing drawing that deals with something of interest in the news.(2) the father and his son that the cartoon in this unit shows are very popular comic strip characters (3) many of the cartoons that people like to read not only amuse them but also br

9、ing them for food for thought.(4) some business-minded people that decided to develop a cartoon market for children quickly made a fortune.(5) iviany cartoonists whose wonderful products are so popular will always be remembered.(6) are these the comic strips for which you paid such a high price?unit

10、 7 the relative clause (2) relative adverbs (关系副词)1. 角色：在定语从句中作状语2. 类型：when (时间)； where (地点)；why (原因)3. 例句体会(找岀定语从句，关系副词，先行词)(1) after working in the government for twenty years, he returned to the small town, where he lived a very simple life.(2) the narrow roads that lead to churches are still the

11、re, taking people back to london's old days when it was quiet, peaceful and rural.(3) the reason why some japanese protested a few years ago that they would choose another city for their capital was that tokyo was too crowded and noisy.unit 8 the relative clause the non-restrictive relative clause (非限制性定语从句)1. 位置：位