浅谈英语中的倒装句

1、浅谈英语中的倒装句郑承清摘要：牛活中每个人都要说话、写文章，并且总希望自己说的话有人爱听, 写的文章有人去读且喜欢去欣赏阅读，为了使文章牛动、有趣、幽默、深刻、有 力，且达到美化自己语言的目的，单一的语序已经无法达到这个标准了。因此, 各种修辞法就应运而牛。例如：强调句、省略句、there存在句等等特殊句型。 在木文中，笔者主要想谈谈关于其中之一的倒装句。选择使用倒装句就是基于修 辞的需要，以便能达到强调事情发生的条件、平衡句子结构或者承上启下、抒发 情感描绘事物等目的。关键词：英语教学；倒装句；学牛高考中对于特殊句式的命题热点仍放在倒装句和强调句上，约占总题量的 60%o那对于倒装句的理解、

2、使用，熟练掌握和灵活运用变得尤为重要。倒装分 为部分倒装和全部倒装，还有一种就是形式倒装。考试多为部分倒装。考牛应掌 握什么情况下需要倒装，并对倒装后的句子能够认出来，避免做题时候的盲目和 迷茫。一、全部倒装(full inversion)全部倒装的方法是把句子的主谓语序颠倒过来，把谓语移到主语前面，这类 句型主要有两种：以下列副词开头的句子中，1. 以 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away, out,in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。女口: (l)here com

3、es the bus.(2)up went the plane on the ground lay some computers.注意：in she came. /there he comes.(主语是代词,不倒装)2. such置于句首时(多出现在主+系+表结构)such are the facts; no one can deny them.英语修辞中的一个重要原则就是尾重原则，即把句子中的最复杂成分放在句 末以保持句子平衡。像上述全部倒装的两种情况就属于修辞功能中的平衡结构。二、部分倒装(partial inversion)部分倒装一般是把句子谓语的一部分(主要是助动词或情态动词)放到句

4、子主 语前，构成部分倒装。这种句型主要有几种：1否定副词 never, nornot, neither, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, no where, 否定意义介词短语 at no time, on no acco unt, in no case, un der/i n no circumstanee, by no means, no sooner*-than, hardlywhen 等置于句首吋例如：(l)never have i seen him beforeo(2) hardly do i think it possible to

5、 finish the job before dark.(3)no sooner had we started than it begin to rain.2.only修饰状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)，且置于句首例如：(l)only then did i realize how important it is to be honest.(2)only in this way can you learn english well.(3)0nly when she came back did her son go to bed.3 .固定句型用于前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(物)的肯定句或否定

6、句中的倒装 肯定重复倒装用：so+助动词+主语(也是如此)例如i： they have got up, and so has jack 否定重复倒装用：nor, neither+助动词+主语(也不这样)例女口： if you don’t agree to our plan, neither will they.(2)not onlybut also”不仅而且"例如i： not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to being broke.注意：(not句倒装，but also引导句子用正

7、常语序)s0+状语置于句首吋，其后要用倒装语序。女口： so well does he sing that we all admire him.such/so+表语置于句首，句子部分倒装例如i： such a good boy is he that we all love him.so high was the price that everybody complained.(4) neither*nor“不, 也不"例如：neither do i know it, nor do i care about it。(5) not until”直到才”例女口： not until he

8、returned did we have supper.部分倒装中的这些知识点，把倒装句的强调修辞功能体现的淋漓尽致。备注：当虚拟条件句含有were, should, had时，可省略if,将were, should, had置于句首。例如：were i tom (= if i were tom), i would refuse.had i realized that(= if i had realized that), i would have done something.三、形式倒装(formal inversion)形式倒装其实就是语法上的前置。其特点为只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓 并

9、不倒装。常见句型为以下几种：1. 感叹句例女口： what a lovely girl she is !how interesting the story is !2. whatever+n./however+ adj./adv.引导的让步状语从句如：however busy he is, he has to attend the meeting. /whatever reasons you have, you should keep your promise 3. as though引导让步状语从句，必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是 将被强调的内容置于句首。女口：表语倒装tired a

10、s/though he is ,he still went on with his work.如表语是单数名词或形容词最高级，不再用冠词。例如：youngest as he is in our class, he is the smartest.child as he is ,he knows more about history.副词的倒装hard as i worked, i could not completed my task on time.(3) 谓语的倒装try as he might, he didn’t pass the final exam.(4) the morethe more句型the harder you work, the greater progr