初中状语从句讲解及习题附答案4

1、（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子；位置 状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、缘由和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开；分类依据其作用可以分为时间、地点、缘由、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句；作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子；（二）状语从句详解1. 时间状语从句引导词用法示例when意为“当的时候”；when引导从句的谓语动词可以是连续性动词，也可以是瞬时动词；并且when 有时表示“就在那时”while意为“在的时候，在 的同时”；while 引导从句的谓语动词必需是连续性的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动

2、作同时发生（或者相对应）；while 有时仍可以表示对比；a liar is not believed when hespeaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人信任；when he arrives , i ll call you. whenyoulaughandsmile, your body relaxes.while i was standing at the window, i saw several boys running along the street.while john was watching tv, his wife was cooking.as意为“一边一

3、边”；as引导的动作是连续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生； as 也可以强调一前一后；after意为“在之后”；表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后；主句与从句的动作时间关系与 before 引导的从句相反；before意为“在之前”；引导的从 句 不用 否 定形 式的谓语，并且当 before 引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”；当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；假如 before 引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，就主 句 动词 多 用过 去完成时，这样以便表达动作的先后；till意为“直到”；一般情形下可以和 until 互换；假如主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必需用否定

4、形式； 假如主句中的谓语动词是the writer was angry as he was travelling on a trainto london because someone had invadedhis“ space ”.he smiled as he stood up.withmanyhungryvisitors waiting,donst tay too long atyourtableafteryouhave finished.ifan earlyexitisnecessary, you can leave after a scene is over.you can t wa

5、tch tv before youfinish your homework.before it ended, the theatre was almost empty.myfather had leftforcanadajust before the letter arrived.she didn et ven knowthat it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking moving from side to side light.the fireman worked very hard连续性动词时，用确定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同；til

6、l the fire was out.until意为“直到”；在强调句型中多用 until ；假如主句中的 谓 语动 词 是瞬 时动词时，必需用否定形式；假如主句中的谓语动词是连续性动词时，用确定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同；since意为“自从，从以来”；引导从句的谓语动词可以 是连续性的动词，也可以 是瞬时动词；一般情形下，从句谓语动词用一般过去 时，而主句的谓语动词用 现在完成时；但在it is+ 时 间 +since从 句的 句 型中，主句多用一般现在时；i mwaitingformysister. i won tgo to see my uncle untilshe comes

7、.wait untili finishwhat i am doing.i have been studying hard since i entered the high school.it is four years since my sisterlived in beijing.it is five years months since our boss was not in beijing.as soon as意为“一就”；引导时间状语从句时，假如主句用了将来时，从句一般使用现在时；tom will call me as soon as he gets home.iwillcallyou

8、as soon as iarrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为“哪里”；“where 引导的地点状语从句，（there+）where there is a will, there is a way.主句”“哪里哪里就”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there.wherever意 为 “ 无 论 何 地 ” ；anywhere/wherever 引 导 地点 状 语 从 句 + 主 句 ；anywhere 本身是个副词， 但是常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相当于 wherever,anywhere 引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位

9、于主句之后；而 wherever 本身就是个连词，表示“在何处， 无论何处”；they were good persons. where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.you should have put the book where you found it.wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.i ll go anywhere you go.3.条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，假如”；当主句是将来时的时候， 从句要用一般现在时；unless连词，意为“除非（=ifnot）

10、；当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时；don ttalkloudlyatthe meeting. ifyou do,youwill have to leave.we ll goforapicnicifitdoesn t rain this weekend. don t discusstheproblems withyourpartner unless you are asked to do so.iwon t gothere unless you come with me.4.缘由状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“由于”；引导缘由状语从句时表示附带；说明“双方已知的缘由” ，语气比 sin

11、ce 弱，较为正式， 位置较为敏捷（常放于主句之前）；since意为“由于”；引导的缘由状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、明显的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比because弱；because意为“由于”；引导的缘由状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接缘由，语气较强，最适合 why 引导的疑问句； because 引导的缘由状语从句有时可以与because of短语互换；for意为“由于”；引导的缘由状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接缘由，只提as the weather is cold, i stay at home.asitisraining,you dbettertake

12、a taxi.as you are tired, you dbetter rest.sincethe earth lookslikea ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.since the race is in april, i had to run throughout the winter, and in boston, winters are cold. since everybody is here. let's begin our meeting.thewomanpreferswinter because

13、 she can skate.i dliketocollectstampsbecause they are interesting.i mverytiredthesedays because of studying physics.he can t come because he is ill.= he can t come because of his illness.he must be ill, for he is absent today.供一些帮助性的补充说明，for 引导的缘由状语从句只能放于主句之后，并且必需用逗号将其与主句隔开；he could not have seen me

14、, for i was not there.5.目的状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“以至，以便” ；目的 状 语 的 谓 语 常 含 有may,might,can,could, should, would等情态动词；try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.mr. green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in order that意为“为了”，相当于sothat. in order to 后面可以跟动词原形构

15、成目的状 语，不是目的状语从句；we shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例sothat意为“如此以至于”；so+ adj./adv.原级+that, so是副词，只能修饰形容词和副词；so 仍可与表示数量的形容 词many,few,much,little 这四个形容词表示多或少时 连用 , 形成固定搭配；so+ many 或 few+复数可数名词 +that; so+ much或thisyear ithas rainedso heavil

16、y insouth china that lots of problems are caused. the ice on the lake was sothinthatpeoplecouldn tskate on it.too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy thelittle+ 不行数名词 +that.present.there are so few notebooks that i can t give you any.such.that意为“如此以至于”；有三种结构：

17、such+aan+adj.+单 数 不 可数名词 +that; such+adj.+不行数名词 +that; such + adj.+ 复数可数名词+that,such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组；有时可与 sothat 句型转换；it ssuch awonderfulsong that we all like it.simon is such dishonest person that no one believes him.the boy is so young that hecangto to school.= he is such a young boy that he can t g

18、o to school.7.让步状语从句引导词用法示例though意为“虽然” ；不能和but连用；但是可以同yetstill 连用，构成thoughyetstill. though 较普遍，常用于非正式的口语和 书 面 语 中 ； even能 和though 组合表示强调，在这里even though=even ifno matterif;though即 使 也；though 可以独立用作副词，常放在句末， 意为 all thesame仍 是 ； 仍 然 或however可是；然而 ；so ithas livedupto now though it isn't strong at a

19、ll.thoughtheyaretwin brothers, they don t look like each other.evenif/eventhoughwecould afford it, we would afford it, we wouldn tgo abroad for our vacation.although意为“虽然” ；不能和butalthoughhediedseveral连用；但是可以同yetstill连 用 ， 构 成although yetstill.although 较为正式，语气比 though重，常用以强调让步概念；even 不能和 although 组合；

20、yearsago,icanstill remember the days we spent togetherandwhathehas taught me about love.although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8. 比较状语从句引导词用法示例asas.意为“和一样”；表示同级的比较；使用时要留意第一个 as 为副词，其次个as 为连词；其基本结构为：she is very good at painting. she can paint as well as here tea

21、cher.i ran out as quickly asas+adj./adv原.级 +as；如有possible.not as / soas修饰成分，如twice,three times, half, a quarter等，就须置于第一个 as 之前； 意为“和不一样，不如”；也表示同级比较；she is not so as outgoing as her sister.thisdictionaryisnotas/souseful as you think.9.方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/justas.so意为“如同，就像” ；引导的方式状语从句通常 位 于 主 句 后 ， 但 在jus

22、tas.so结构中位于when in rome, do as the romans do.as water is to fish, so air isto man.句首，这时as 从句带有比如的含义，意为“正 如，就像”，多用于正式文体；as if/ as though意为“就像，似乎” ；两者的意义和用法相同， 引出的状语从句谓语多用 虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气， 表示所说情形是事实或 实现的可能性较大； 常译作“似乎似的， 似乎 似的”；if would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we

23、were the same age.it looks as if the weathermay pick up very soon.练习一一. 单项填空1. he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.a. thoughb. sincec. ford. so2. -do you know if he to play basketball with us.-i think he will come if he free tomorrow.a. comes; isb. comes; will bec. will come; isd. will come;

24、 will be3. in the zoo if a child into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may come up him.a. willfall;to helpb. falls; to helpc. willfall;helpd.falls; helping4. i don t remember he worked in that city when he was young.a. whatb. whichc. whered. who5. we will stay at home if my aunt to visit us to

25、morrow.a. comesb. comec. will comed. is coming6. the police asked the children cross the street the traffic lights turned green.a. not; beforeb. don t; whenc. not to; untild. not; after7. i was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with my bike.a. whenb. thatc. untild. because8. i ll go

26、 swimming with you if i free tomorrow.a. will beb. shall bec. amd. was9. in the exam, the you are, the mistakes you will make.a. careful; littleb. more careful; fewestc. more careful; fewerd. more careful; less10. you should finish your lessons you go out to play.a. beforeb. afterc. whend. while11.

27、i hurried i wouldn t be late for class.a. sinceb. so thatc. as ifd. unless12. when you read the book, you d better make a mark you have any questions.a. whichb. thatc. whered. though13. the teacher raised his voice all the students could hear him.a. forb. so thatc. becaused. in order14. he took off

28、his coat he felt hot.a. becauseb. asc. ifd. since15. it is that we d like to go out for a walk.a. a lovelydayb. too lovelya dayc. so lovelya dayd. such lovely a day16. mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.a. suchb. soc. tood. very17. i felt very tired, i tried to finish the

29、 work.a. althoughb. becausec. asd. as if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.a. withb. sincec. whiled. as19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.a. so longasb.inorder thatc.nomatter howd.the moment20. write to me as soon as you to beijing.a. will getb. getc. gettingd. got二. 依据中文意思完成以下

30、英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不愤怒；i am not angry with him, jokes he on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对同学特别亲切，以至于同学把她当做母亲；mrsbruce waskind to her studentstheyher their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会中意我们的表现；our parents will be pleased with our performance we try our best.4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？will you please call me you get to shanghai.5. 这

31、个七岁的女孩热爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了；the seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano she has kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他仍坚持自学英语； , she kepton learningenglishbyherself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者；he wants to be a journalist .8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校； windyor rainy, our teacher is always the firstto get to school.9.

32、 假如人人为爱护环境做出奉献，世界将会变得更美好； to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，由于他病了；li ming didn t come to school .练习二1. the meeting didn't start everyone was there.a. becauseb. untilc. whyd. if2 .the boy to bed his mother came in.a. went not; until b. didn'

33、t go; after c. went; until d. didn't go; until3. i won't believe you i have seen it with my own eyes.a. before b. until c. after d. when4 .he home she was satisfied his answer yesterday.a. didn't go; until; withb. wasn't go; after; toc. doesn't go; before; withd. didn't go; u

34、ntil; to 5 .he back until the work done.a. isn't; will be b. isn't; is c. won't be; will be d. won't be; is 6 .they didn't start the work their teacher came back.a. until b. while c. as soon as d. if7. tom will call me as soon as he shanghai.a. arrives b. will reach c. arrives in

35、 d. get to8. i'm sure he'll come to see me before he beijing.a. will leave b. is leaving c. leave d. leaves9. i will tell him the news as soon as he back.a. come b. comes c. will come d. came10. tom has got a watch. he it for two years. it by his father.a. has bought; was bought b. has got;

36、is bought , c. was bought; has bought .d. has had; was bought "'11. when he got to the station, the train .a. left b. had left c. leaves d. has left12. the boy told his father what he in the street.a. saw b. have seen c. had seen d. see 13.we tv when the telephone .a.watched; was ringingb.w

37、ere watching;rang c.watch;rings d.are watching; rang14. by the end of last term, i ten books.a. had finished reading b. have finish reading c. had finish to read d. finish read15. i you for a long time. where you .a. didn't see; did; go b. didn't see; have;gonec. haven't seen; have; been

38、 d. haven't seen; have; gone16. tom china for 3 years.a. has been b. has been in c. has been to d. has been at17. i won't go to see the film tonight, because i my ticket.a. lost b. have lost c. will lose d. didn't lose 18.-hello. may i speak to bob.-sorry, but he for a month.a. had been

39、away b. was left c. left d. has been away19. i him since i began to live in the city.a. know b. have known c. knew d. will know20. zhao lan already in this school for two years.a. was; studying b. will; study c. has; studied d. are; studying 21.betty didn't go to see the film yesterday she was i

40、ll.a. because b. but c. until d. if22 may i sit nearer i can see more clearly.a. as if b. so that c. even if d. so23. you work hard, you will certainly succeed.a. though b. if c. because d. for24. he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of english.a. while b. when

41、c. since d. after25. i'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.a. for b. unless c. if d. whether26. there are many league members in class 2 in class 4.a. both; and b. 'so; that c. either; or d. as; as27. -do you have a big library.-no, we don't. at least, not yours.a. as big as

42、b. as big than c. as bigger than d. bigger as28. suzhou is not beautiful hangzhou.a. as; than b. so; as c. even; than d. /; than29. iron is more useful any other metal.a. as b. than c. then d. so30. i want to know she is going to see a film.a. if b. that c. what d. which31. you are sure to pass the exam you study hard.a. if b. thoughc. that d. since32. i'll go to see the film with you i have time this evening.a. whether b. so c. if d. when33. you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.a. if b. until c. unless d. except34. although it was raining,still worked in the f