C#-FTP类操作解析

1、 19 / 191 FTP类 Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0对文件传输协议(FTP)操作(上传,下载,新建,删除,FTP间传文件) FtpWebRequest类：实现文件传输协议(FTP)客户端public sealed class FtpWebRequest : WebRequestFtpWebResponse类:封装文件传输协议(FTP)服务器对请求的响应 public class FtpWebResponse : WebResponse, IDisposableWebRequestMethods.Ftp类:表示可与FTP请求一起使用的FTP协议方法的类型,无法继

2、承此类 public static class Ftp 类关系图 2 操作ftp的一般步骤操作ftp的一般步骤我总结如下：第一步：WebRequest.Create方法，获得FtpWebRequest的实例第二步：利用WebRequestMethods.Ftp设置FtpWebRequest的Method属性,指定使用的FTP协议方法的类型第三步：设置FtpWebRequest的Credentials属性,指定用户名和密码第四步：发出请求 FtpWebResponse第五步：接收响应数据流(有些ftp操作可能没这一步,例如给文件夹改名)第六步：关闭流 3 FTP不同操作程序下面从几段代码来分别展

3、示ftp的不同操作：3.1 文件夹和文件信息关键知识说明：1) FtpWebRequest类没有公开的构造函数,我们通过WebRequest.Create方法，获得FtpWebRequest的实例2) 通过WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails（详细列表）或者WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory（简短列表）获取FTP服务器上的文件列表3) 请求返回的数据在GetResponseStream方法返回的流中4) 字符编码请用System.Text.Encoding.Default,要不中文名会乱码5) FtpWebRe

4、quest.Credentials属性设置登陆用户名和密码6) FtpWebRequest.UseBinary属性,true,指示服务器要传输的是二进制数据.false,指示数据为文本,默认值为true7) FtpWebRequest.EnableSsl属性,如果控制和数据传输是加密的,则为true.否则为false.默认值为 false 实例代码：获取20/上的文件信息/创建到达FTP地址的 地址对象listRequestUri uri = new Uri ( "20/" ); FtpWebRequest

5、 listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails; 详细列表/listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory; 简短列表/登录FTP所需 用户名与密码string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = ""listRequest.Credentials = new Ne

6、tworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );/ 由地址对象的创建 文件响应对象FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );Stream responseStream = listResponse.GetResponseStream ( );/文件响应流StreamReader readStream = new StreamReader ( responseStream , System.Text.Encoding.Default ); /文件读取

7、流if ( readStream != null ) MessageBox.Show ( readStream.ReadToEnd ( ) );MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "状态: 0,1" ,listResponse.StatusCode, listResponse.StatusDescription ) );listResponse.Close ( );responseStream.Close ( );readStream.Close ( );讲解：通过WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDeta

8、ils（详细列表）或者WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectory（简短列表）返回的结果是不一样的. 利用WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails，readStream.ReadToEnd ( )返回的字符串比较复杂（不同类型的Ftp会有不同返回形式的返回结果）,要把里面的文件夹和文件区分别列出来比较繁琐,代码比较多大概的调用方法如下：string dataString = readStream.ReadToEnd ( );DirectoryListParser parser = new DirectoryListParse

9、r ( dataString );FileStruct fs = parser.FullListing;返回的FileStruct有一个属性IsDirectory，可以区分文件夹和文件DirectoryListParser类代码如下：DirectoryListParserusing System;using System.IO;using System.Net;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;using System.Collections;using System.Collections.Generic;namespace WindowsApplic

10、ationFTP /文件结构体 public struct FileStruct public string Flags; public string Owner; public bool IsDirectory; public string CreateTime; public string Name;/文件类型 public enum FileListStyle UnixStyle, WindowsStyle, Unknown/ public class DirectoryListParser private <FileStruct> _myListArray; public

11、FileStruct FullListing get return _myListArray.ToArray(); public FileStruct FileList get List<FileStruct> _fileList = new List<FileStruct>(); foreach(FileStruct thisstruct in _myListArray) if(!thisstruct.IsDirectory) _fileList.Add(thisstruct); return _fileList.ToArray(); public FileStruc

12、t DirectoryList get List<FileStruct> _dirList = new List<FileStruct>(); foreach(FileStruct thisstruct in _myListArray) if(thisstruct.IsDirectory) _dirList.Add(thisstruct); return _dirList.ToArray(); public DirectoryListParser(string responseString) _myListArray = GetList(responseString);

13、 private List<FileStruct> GetList(string datastring) List<FileStruct> myListArray = new List<FileStruct>(); string dataRecords = datastring.Split('n'); FileListStyle _directoryListStyle = GuessFileListStyle(dataRecords); foreach (string s in dataRecords) if (_directoryListS

14、tyle != FileListStyle.Unknown && s != "") FileStruct f = new FileStruct(); f.Name = "." switch (_directoryListStyle) case FileListStyle.UnixStyle: f = ParseFileStructFromUnixStyleRecord(s); break; case FileListStyle.WindowsStyle: f = ParseFileStructFromWindowsStyleRecord(

15、s); break; if (f.Name != "" && f.Name != "." && f.Name != ".") myListArray.Add(f); return myListArray; private FileStruct ParseFileStructFromWindowsStyleRecord(string Record) /Assuming the record style as / 02-03-04 07:46PM <DIR> Append FileStruct

16、f = new FileStruct(); string processstr = Record.Trim(); string dateStr = processstr.Substring(0,8); processstr = (processstr.Substring(8, processstr.Length - 8).Trim(); string timeStr = processstr.Substring(0, 7); processstr = (processstr.Substring(7, processstr.Length - 7).Trim(); f.CreateTime = d

17、ateStr + " " + timeStr; if (processstr.Substring(0,5) = "<DIR>") f.IsDirectory = true; processstr = (processstr.Substring(5, processstr.Length - 5).Trim(); else string strs = processstr.Split(new char ' ' , StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); processstr = strs1;

18、 f.IsDirectory = false; f.Name = processstr; /Rest is name return f; public FileListStyle GuessFileListStyle(string recordList) foreach (string s in recordList) if(s.Length > 10 && Regex.IsMatch(s.Substring(0,10),"(-|d)(-|r)(-|w)(-|x)3") return FileListStyle.UnixStyle; else if (

19、s.Length > 8 && Regex.IsMatch(s.Substring(0, 8), "0-92-0-92-0-92") return FileListStyle.WindowsStyle; return FileListStyle.Unknown; private FileStruct ParseFileStructFromUnixStyleRecord(string record) /Assuming record style as / dr-xr-xr-x 1 owner group 0 Nov 25 2002 bussys File

20、Struct f = new FileStruct(); if (record0 = '-' | record0 = 'd') / its a valid file record string processstr = record.Trim(); f.Flags = processstr.Substring(0, 9); f.IsDirectory = (f.Flags0 = 'd'); processstr = (processstr.Substring(11).Trim(); _cutSubstringFromStringWithTrim(

21、ref processstr, ' ', 0); /skip one part f.Owner = _cutSubstringFromStringWithTrim(ref processstr, ' ', 0); f.CreateTime = getCreateTimeString(record); int fileNameIndex = record.IndexOf(f.CreateTime)+f.CreateTime.Length; f.Name = record.Substring(fileNameIndex).Trim(); /Rest of the p

22、art is name else f.Name = "" return f; private string getCreateTimeString(string record) /Does just basic datetime string validation for demo, not an accurate check /on date and time fields string month = "(jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec)" string space = "(0

23、40)+" string day = "(0-9|1-30-9)" string year = "1-20-93" string time = "0-91,2:0-92" Regex dateTimeRegex = new Regex(month+space+day+space+"("+year+"|"+time+")", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase); Match match = dateTimeRegex.Match(record); ret

24、urn match.Value; private string _cutSubstringFromStringWithTrim(ref string s, char c, int startIndex) int pos1 = s.IndexOf(c, startIndex); string retString = s.Substring(0,pos1); s = (s.Substring(pos1).Trim(); return retString; 3.2.取ftp登陆身份验证完成后的欢迎信息关键知识说明：a.FtpWebResponse.WelcomeMessage属性获取身份验证完成时F

25、TP服务器发送的消息实例代码：获取20/登陆身份验证完成后的欢迎信息Uri uri = new Uri ( "20/" );FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.ListDirectoryDetails;string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = "&q

26、uot;listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.WelcomeMessage );附加说明：要是FTP服务器的欢迎信息带有中文,运行这段代码时可能会发生异常（基础连接已经关闭: 服务器提交了协议）.3.3.重命名目录关键知识说明：a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp

27、.Rename表示重命名目录的FTP协议方法b.FtpWebRequest.RenameTo属性重命名的新名称实例代码：把20/上的a目录重命名为avUri uri = new Uri ( "20/a" );FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.Rename;string ftpUser = ""s

28、tring ftpPassWord = ""listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );listRequest.RenameTo = "av"FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription );3.4.删除目录关键知识说明：a.WebRequestMe

29、thods.Ftp.RemoveDirectory表示移除目录的FTP协议方法实例代码：删除20/上的av文件夹Uri uri = new Uri ( "20/av" );FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.RemoveDirectory;string ftpUser = ""string ftp

30、PassWord = ""listRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription ); 3.5.新建目录关键知识说明：a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.MakeDirectory表示在FTP服务器上创建目录的协议方法实例

31、代码：在20/上建立目录vbUri uri = new Uri ( "20/vb" );FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.MakeDirectory;string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = ""listRequest.Credentia

32、ls = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );MessageBox.Show ( listResponse.StatusDescription ); 3.6.得文件大小关键知识说明：a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize表示要用于检索FTP服务器上的文件大小b.流数据的长度可以从FtpWebResponse.ContentLength属性中获取。实例代

33、码：获取20/上的会议记录.doc文件大小Uri uri = new Uri ( "20/会议记录.doc" );FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.GetFileSize;string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = ""listReques

34、t.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "文件大小: 0" , listResponse.ContentLength ) );3.7.删除文件关键知识说明：a.WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile表示要用于删除FTP服务器上的文件实例代码：删

35、除20/工作安排.txt文件Uri uri = new Uri ( "20/工作安排.txt" );FtpWebRequest listRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri );listRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile;string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = ""listRequest.Creden

36、tials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );FtpWebResponse listResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) listRequest.GetResponse ( );MessageBox.Show ( string.Format ( "Delete status: 0" , listResponse.StatusDescription ) ); 3.8.上传文件关键知识说明：1) WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile表示将文件上载到FTP服务器2)

37、 使用FtpWebRequest对象向服务器上载文件，则必须将文件内容写入请求流，请求流是通过调用FtpWebRequest.GetRequestStream方法.如果未将属性设置为UploadFile,则不能获取流。3) 异步对应方法（FtpWebRequest.BeginGetRequestStream方法和FtpWebRequest.EndGetRequestStream 方法）,关于异步上传的实现我会再写在下篇总汇中实例代码：上载文件D:abc.txt到20/上Stream requestStream = null;FileStream fileStr

38、eam = null;FtpWebResponse uploadResponse = null; try Uri uri = new Uri ( "20/abc.txt" ); FtpWebRequest uploadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( uri ); uploadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile; string ftpUser = "" string ftpPassWord = &

39、quot;" uploadRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );requestStream = uploadRequest.GetRequestStream ( );/请求流中 fileStream = File.Open ( "D:abc.txt" , FileMode.Open ); byte buffer = new byte 1024 ; int bytesRead; while ( true ) bytesRead = fileStream.Read (

40、 buffer , 0 , buffer.Length ); if ( bytesRead = 0 ) break; requestStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead ); requestStream.Close ( ); uploadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) uploadRequest.GetResponse ( ); MessageBox.Show ( "Upload complete." );finally if ( uploadResponse != null ) uploadResponse

41、.Close ( ); if ( fileStream != null ) fileStream.Close ( ); if ( requestStream != null ) requestStream.Close ( );其实利用WebClient.UploadData方法,还有一种更简单的上传方法：WebClient request = new WebClient ( );string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = ""request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( f

42、tpUser , ftpPassWord );FileStream myStream = new FileStream ( "D:abcd.txt" , FileMode.Open , FileAccess.Read );byte dataByte = new byte myStream.Length ;myStream.Read ( dataByte , 0 , dataByte.Length ); /写到2进制数组中myStream.Close ( );request.UploadData ( "20/abcd.txt&quo

43、t; , dataByte ); 3.9.下载文件关键知识说明：1) WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile表示要用于从FTP服务器下载文件2) 从FTP服务器下载文件时，如果命令成功，所请求的文件的内容即在响应对象的流中。通过调用FtpWebResponse.GetResponseStream方法，可以访问此流。1) 实例代码：从20/上下载文件保存到d:abc.txtStream responseStream = null;FileStream fileStream = null;StreamReader reader = n

44、ull;try string downloadUrl = "20/abc.txt" FtpWebRequest downloadRequest = ( FtpWebRequest ) WebRequest.Create ( downloadUrl ); downloadRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile; string ftpUser = "" string ftpPassWord = "" downloadRequest.Crede

45、ntials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord ); FtpWebResponse downloadResponse = ( FtpWebResponse ) downloadRequest.GetResponse ( ); responseStream = downloadResponse.GetResponseStream ( ); fileStream = File.Create ( "d:" + "abc.txt" ); byte buffer = new byte 1024 ; in

46、t bytesRead; while ( true ) bytesRead = responseStream.Read ( buffer , 0 , buffer.Length ); if ( bytesRead = 0 ) break; fileStream.Write ( buffer , 0 , bytesRead ); MessageBox.Show ( "Download complete" );finally if ( reader != null ) reader.Close ( ); else if ( responseStream != null ) re

47、sponseStream.Close ( ); if ( fileStream != null ) fileStream.Close ( ); 其实利用WebClient.DownloadData方法,还有一种更简单的下载方法：Uri uri = new Uri ( "20/abc.txt" );WebClient request = new WebClient ( );string ftpUser = ""string ftpPassWord = ""request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ( ftpUser , ftpPassWord );byte newFileData = request.DownloadData ( uri.ToString ( ) );FileStream fs