上海牛津版高一英语下册U3教案

1、高一牛津版下册·学科辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：高一 上课日期： 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课主题u3 plants模 式 1 v 类 型 同步 测试 得 分家长签字问题统计：知识梳理 rice lotus bamboo想要看懂更多植物的介绍，揭开大自然中各种植物神秘的面纱吗？让我们先扫开单词障碍吧！ 一、词汇words1. float v. 漂浮e.g. blood cells like red blood cells float in the plasma. 血细胞就是像在血浆里漂浮的红色血细胞。strange thoughts float into my mind

2、 when i am nearly asleep. 我快要入睡时，心中浮现出一些奇异的想法。 【词性转化】floating adj. 浮动的；不固定的 e.g. with the development of modern industry, the number of floating population is getting larger and larger in big cities. 随着现代工业的发展，大城市里的流动人口越来越多。批注：可以就动词原形后面加ing构成形容词的动词让学生进行一些举例。课堂笔记：the boiling water正在沸腾的水the developing

3、 countries发展中国家a burning buildings燃烧着的建筑物。2. centimetre n. 厘米 e.g. there are 100 centimetres in a metre. 一米等于100厘米。【知识拓展】 centi-表示“百”，“百分之一”，“厘”等含义。如：centipede 蜈蚣 （百脚动物） centigram 厘克 （=1/100克）批注：引导孩子对构词法的重视，并且可以让学生再回忆一些，如kilometre, kilogram等。3. flower v. 开花 n. 花朵；花 e.g. this bush flowers in the autu

4、mn. 这种灌木秋天开花。 flowers are rare in winter in the north. 在北方，冬天花很少见。 【常用搭配】in flower / come into flower 开花 e.g. the roses are in flower early this year. the chrysanthemum came into flower late this year. 今年菊花开得迟。批注：讲解这个单词时要让学生注意到词性活用的情况。4. relative n. 同类事物 adj. 比较的，相对的 e.g. crocodiles are distant rela

5、tives of dinosaurs. 鳄鱼和恐龙有较远的亲缘关系。 after he got the new job, he lived in relative comfort. 得到新工作后，他生活得比较舒服了。批注：讲解时还可以拓展一下be (closely) relate to与（密切）相关5. serve v. 提供 e.g. what time is the breakfast served in this restaurant? 【知识拓展】 serve sb sth. / serve sth.（to sb.）给某人提供某物 e.g. 她为我们做了一顿美味的午餐。she serv

6、ed us a delicious lunch. 【必背】 serve as 可用作 e.g. this sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. 【词性转化】 v. 任职；服役 e.g. he serves in the navy. 【词性转化】service n. 服务 e.g. 这家旅店以优质服务著称。the hotel is known for its good service. 批注：讲解这个词之前可以让学生先进行回忆，根据回忆的情况进行侧重讲解。6. branch n. 树枝; 分店、分公司 e.g. the little boy w

7、as fascinated by the monkeys swinging between the branches.批注：可以让学生积累这个例句中的 be fascinated by这个短语。7. separate adj. 不同的、不相关的； v. 分开、隔离 e.g. the word has two separate meanings. the children sleep in separate beds.【词性转化】 v. 分开；隔离 e.g. south america and africa separated 200 million years ago. 【知识拓展】separ

8、ate from 把和分开 e.g. a wall separated our backyard from the playing field.8. enormous adj.巨大的 【词性转化】enormously adv. 极其；非常 e.g. the price of wine varies enormously depending on where it comes from. 不同产地的葡萄就价格差别很大。批注：这个单词要注意引导学生在作文中经常使用到。9. speak of 提起 e.g. he never speaks of his former experiences. 他从不

9、谈及以前的经历。【知识拓展】speak evil / ill of sb. 说某人坏话 speak highly / well of sb. 高度称赞某人 e.g. 在背后说别人的坏话是不对的。its not right to speak ill of others behind their backs. 她极称赞自己的母亲。she speaks highly of her mother. 【知识拓展】 speaking of 说到 e.g. speaking of food, can you tell me what kinds of food are healthy?批注：拓展的两个短语要

10、引导学生进行发散造句，为以后基础知识点与写作互通打下基础。10. in the air 可感觉到的 e.g. there is a rumor in the air that were moving to a new location. the tops of the trees are turning green; spring is in the air. 树梢变绿了，春天快来了。 【知识拓展】in the air 悬而未决的 on the air 在广播中 e.g. the winner of this competition is still in the air. 这场竞赛的获胜者是

11、谁还不知道。 the programme will be going on the air in a few seconds. 节目几秒钟后将播出。11. decorate v. 装饰 e.g. he helped to decorate a christmas tree. 【词性转化】decoration n. 装饰品；装饰 e.g. room decoration requires furniture and walls to be harmonious in color.批注：要强调一下decoration意思为“装饰品”时为可数名词。12. blossom n.（长在树木或灌木上的）花

12、 e.g. the blossoms on the tree look lovely in the springtime. 春天里树上开的花看上去很漂亮。 【词性转化】 v. 开花 e.g. i arrived in japan when the cherry trees were blossoming. 我在樱花盛开时到达日本。【知识拓展】 in blossom 开花（特指树） e.g. the apple-trees are in blossom.苹果树开花了。批注：对景色描写时可以使用到这个单词或短语。13. ignore v.忽视；不理睬 e.g. she ignored him an

13、d went on with her work. 她没理他，继续干活。 【词性转化】ignorant adj. 无知的 ignorance n. 无知 e.g. being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, i find myself left behind.批注：从这个例句中让学生找出ignorant的重要用法，be ignorant of/that不知道。14. litter v. 使遍布；n. 垃圾、废弃物 e.g. you always litter your bedroom with

14、 all those useless things. 你总是在卧室里到处堆满了没用的东西。【词性转化】 n. 垃圾；废弃物；杂物e.g. please do not leave litter. 请勿乱扔垃圾。 乱扔垃圾的人将被罚款。the people who drop litter will be fined. 15. ideal adj. 理想的；n. 理想 e.g. this dictionary is ideal - its just what i need. 这本字典很好用，正是我所需要的。 【词性转化】 n. 理想 e.g. ideal is the beacon. without

15、 ideal, there is no direction; without direction, there is no life.理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没有方向；没有方向，就没有生活。批注：让学生对最后一个例句进行积累，增加到好词好句中。16. moist adj. 潮湿的 e.g. water the plant regularly to keep the soil moist. 定期浇灌植物，从而保持土壤潮湿。 her eyes were moist. 她的眼睛湿润了。【词性转化】 moisture n. 水气；水分；湿气 e.g. the desert air contains

16、 hardly any moisture. 沙漠中的空气几乎不含一点湿气。17. tolerate v. 忍受 e.g. 我再也不能容忍你的无礼行为了。 i cant tolerate your bad manners any longer. 【词性转化】 tolerance n. 忍受；宽容 e.g. tolerance is one of her many strengths. 宽容是她许多优点中的一个。二、重要句型important sentences structures1. plants can be much more interesting than you think. (1)

17、 can在否定句和疑问句中常表示可能性，但在肯定句中当can和be动词连用时，也可表示可能性，通常译为“有时会”。they can't have had a good time for the weather was too bad. 因为天气实在太糟了，他们不可能过得很快活。can he be our english teacher? 他可能会是我们的英语老师吗？swimming can be dangerous. 游泳有时候会是危险的。 (2) much此处修饰比较级more interesting，可以修饰比较级的词还有：many, a bit, a little, a litt

18、le bit, by far, even, still等。 this piece of composition is better by far. 这篇作文好多了。there are many more students in our school. 我们学校的学生更多了。批注：can be用于肯定句句表示有时候会的意思要注意强调一下。修饰比较级的程度副词可以用两句话概括：一只小（a little）肥（far）猫（much）饿（even）死（still）了，原来吃得相当多（a lot/a great deal），后来吃一点（a bit）。2. water lilies can often be

19、 seen in china, with their round leaves, or pads, floating in ponds. (l) can often be seen为被动结构，通常用于描述客观现象。often等频度副词总是放在此结构中的第一个助动词之后。steam can always be seen rising from water when it is boiling.水沸腾时总是可以看到水蒸气升腾起来。 (2) 句中with their round leaves, or pads, floating in ponds是介词短语，作主语water lilies的定语。wi

20、th短语作定语时常译为“长着”、“有着”等意。 china is a country with a long history and rich culture. 中国是一个有着悠久历史和丰富文化的国家。his sister, helen, is a lovely girl with big bright eyes. 他的妹妹海伦是一个长着明亮大眼睛的可爱女孩。批注：with表伴随要注意引导学生与定语从句进行相互转化。3. in hangzhou, there is a kind of water lily whose pads are so huge that a person can sta

21、nd on them.(1) whose是关系代词，相当于water lily's，在句中引导一个定语从句。this prize will be awarded to the person whose contributions are considered the most important to this project.这个奖项将被授予对这个项目做出最重要贡献的人。when i was walking in the street, i saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away.我在街上散步时，看见一个女孩子，她的美让我屏息神往。 (

22、2) sothat意为“如此以至”，在句中引导一个结果状语从句。the child is so sick that he has to stay in the hospital for further treatment. 孩子病得很重，不得不住院作进一步的治疗。批注：讲解完之后注意让学生进行总结。4. its pads are more than two metres wide and its white or purple flowers can grow as large as 45 centimetres across.(1)表示长、宽、高、深、重等作表语的两种表达方法。the swi

23、mming pool is 30 metres long, 10 metres wide and l.6 metres deep.=the swimming pool is 30 metres in length, 10 metres in width and l.6 metres in depth.这个游泳池30米长，10米宽，1.6米深。one tree in california is 84 metres high and probably over two thousand tons in weight.加里福尼亚州的一棵树有84米高，重量很可能超过2，000吨。(2) as larg

24、e as意为“大到多少”。类似搭配：as far as远达多少 as long as长达多少 as small as小到多少they have gone as far as 70 kilometres in search of fruit. 他们已经走了长达70公里的路搜寻水果。plants can be as small as one cell. 植物可能只有一个细胞那么小。5. the lotus, a near relative of the water lily, is such a plant. (1) such在这意为“这样的，这种的；此类的；如此的”。such常用来表示惊叹或加强

25、语气，使用时应注意：such无比较级和最高级。和不定冠词a(n)连用时，such放在该冠词之前。与all，no，one，few，several，some，any等词连用时，such放在这类词之后。 all such men will be dismissed soon. 所有这一类人很快就要被解雇。no such thing have i ever expected to happen. 我从未料到会发生这种事情。they need several such tools. 他们需要几件这样的工具。批注：提醒学生注意第二个例句，引出some/ any/ no+ such +名词，名词前不加a/

26、an。6. it has along white root, in which there are many holes.in which在句中引导一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词root的情况。he gave me a bookmark, on which his name was signed. 他给了我一张书签，上面签了他的名。in the past, the kingdom was divided into several parts, among which his hometown was the most important and powerful. 过去，这个王国被分成了

27、几个部分，其中他的故乡是最重要、最强大的。7. even though it is only one tree, it looks like a whole forest!even though/if意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。even though he was set up，he didnt make any explanation. 即使他被诬陷了，他也没做任何说明。even if mary is good at study, she is not well accepted for her bad temper.即使玛丽学习不错，但她仍无法被人接受，因为脾气太坏了。8. while

28、 gingko trees can live for along time, they are not even near being the oldest trees.(1) while在句中是连词，意为“虽然”。while i understand what you said, i can't agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我不同意你的看法。while i'm tired out, i have to finish the task today. 虽然我已累坏了，但我今天还得完成这个任务。(2) even为副词，起加强语气的作用，意为“甚至，即使”。

29、 even a child can understand the book. 连小孩都能看懂这本书。批注：根据时间安排，可以的话把although/ as/ though的区别和学生讲解一下。课堂练习float serve litter separate idealtolerate ignore branch relative in the airpart 2 fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. change the form where necessary. 1.the coffee can _ h

30、ot or cold.2.the bank has _ all over the country.3.the stepmother asked her to _ the green beans from the red ones.4.human bodies cant _ such large amount of radiation.5.a sense of nervousness _ with the spread of the deadly disease.6.the logs _ down the river to the paper factory.7.the old lady liv

31、ed upstairs is a distant _ of mine.8.that is a(n) _ plan for the project. i dont think there will be anyone who will be against it.9.the children always _ their rooms with piles of toys and books.10.he _ the speed limit and drove very fast.a. 1. be served 2. branches 3. separate 4. tolerate 5. was i

32、n the air 6. float 7. relative 8. ideal 9. litter 10. ignoredpart 4 translation - homework （注意单词、短语在具体语境中的运用）1.这只箱子可以当作椅子用。 （serve） 1. the box can serve as a chair.2.这些植物会在晚春开花。 (flower)2. these plants will flower in late spring.3.说到tom，没有人愿意与他合作。 (speak of)3. speaking of tom, no one would like to c

33、ooperate with him.4.可以闻到冬天的气息了，你出门应该穿件外套。 (in the air)4. winter is in the air, so you should wear a coat when you go out.5.他们去了各不相同的地方。 (separate)5. they have gone to separate places.6.你怎么受得了这么讨厌的人呢？ (tolerate)6. how can you tolerate such an awful person?7.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 (why)7. nobody knows the rea

34、son why he is often late for school.8.mary总是在房间到处堆满报纸和杂志。 (litter)8. mary always litters her room with newspapers and magazines.9.这是我们去年居住的房子。 (in which)9. this is the house in which we lived last year. 10.他总是喜欢用植物装饰他的办公室。 (decorate)10. he likes to decorate his office with plants.课后作业. grammar and v

35、ocabularysection a15 acacb 610 adcaa 1116 cdaccadirections: beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked a, b, cand d. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. i was lucky enough to pay_normal price for his cd player.a. half the b. half c. the half d. a half

36、2. so far as we know, he is_the fastest runner in his class.a. very b. enough c. much d. too3. luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain_an inch.a. by b. at c. to d. from4. one way to understand thousands of new words is to gain_good knowledgeof basic word formation.a. / b. the c. a d. one5. i

37、t was not_ we realized how important it was to master two foreign languages. a. before long b. long before c. until long d. long when6. is this the book_just now?a. you mentioned to me b. you talked to mec. what you mentioned to me d. what you talked to me7. we are_than pleased to hear the exciting

38、news.a. better b. rather c. other d. more8. this video game is_the one shown yesterday.a. as wonderful, if not better than b. as wonderful, or better thanc. as wonderful as, if not better than d. as wonderful as, or better than9. shanghai is really a fascinating city and we've decided to stay fo

39、r_two weeks.a. another b. other c. the other d. other's10. it was not until he presented his masterpiece, a computer-controlled wheelchair, in the science exhibition_we realized his contributions to the disabled.a. that b. which c. what d. where11. the first use of nuclear weapons was in 1945, a

40、nd their power_ increasedenormously ever since.a. is b. was c. has been d. had been12. the number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people_to eat more fruit and vegetables.a. persuade b. will persuade c. be persuaded d. are persuaded13. last night i saw my brother lying in bed,

41、_in deep thought.a. lost b. losing c. to lose d. being lost14._to go out alone, the retired minister had to go for a walk with several policemen _him.a. warning not; followed b. not warning; followed c. warned not; following d. not warned; following15.although she has made much progress in english l

42、earning, she is_ herachievements.a. proud of b. pleased with c. modest about d. satisfied with16. english has a large vocabulary, hasn't it? yes,_more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read andcommunicate in english.a. know b. knowing c. to know d. knownsectionsdirections: com

43、plete the following passage by using the words in the box. each word canonly be used once. note that there is one word more than you need.1. e 2. b 3. a 4. d 5. j 6. g 7. i 8. h 9. ca. kept b. prepare c. strong d. pressure e. interestf. physical g. results h. quick i. indeed j. timenow school studen

44、ts' health becomes weaker and weaker. it is found that they hardly pay any attention to sports. is it because they have no 1 in sports? it may not be the fact. they often say they have other more important things to do. what are these important things? examinations! they have to 2 themselves for

45、 all kinds of examinations ; and tests in school.in the summer holidays of the former years, they could do anything they like, but in the summer holiday of last year, they have to give all their time to the preparation. so books have 3 them from going in for sports.because of the 4 from their parent

46、s and teachers, they have to work harder and spend most of their 5 on books. as for the students themselves, they want to get good 6 so that they can further their studies.7 , a complete education cannot go without physical training, for a 8 mind hardly goes along with a weak body. without a 9 body,

47、 you can never achieve anything. reading comprehension section adirections: for each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.i was not more than 12 years old at that time, but i remembe

48、r the moment as if it were only yesterday. i had just found my place in class, 1 i noticed a small coin a few feet away from my desk. the newness of the coin 2 me. as i could not spend a coin of such small 3 , i wanted to keep it forever. while the teacher was talking to us, i 4 to drop a pencil and

49、 bent down. from that moment, the coin was 5 .the coin and i remained firm 6 for years. trousers 7 out, but the coin stayed. it accompanied me in my 8 and early manhood. it 9 the army with me during the war, and later came to the office every day when i became a civilian (百姓) again.every night when

50、i 10 my pockets and placed their contents on my bedside table, the coin 11 . sometimes it would play hide-and-seek（捉迷藏) with me and make me 12 deeply into my pockets. but sure enough, it was always there.one night, 13 , the coin was missing. i searched everywhere, but weeks passed and i didn't f

51、ind it. this time, i realized 14 that it had gone forever and could only 15 that it had found some nicer pocket to stay in.1. a. while b. when c. suddenly d. as2. a. attracted b. caught c. worried d. traced 3. a. price b. money c. value d. thing4. a. tried b. pretended c. hesitated d. began5. a. mis

52、singb.foundc.mined.gone6. a. neighboursb.friendsc.supportersd.classmates7. a. sentb.worec.soldd.spread8. a. youthb.schoolc.homed.days9. a. servedb.joinedc.followedd.attended10. a. openedb.studiedc.examinedd.emptied11. a. exposedb.appearedc.smiledd.jumped12. a. dig .b.breakc.sinkd.bump13. a. for exampleb.of coursec.thusd.however14. a. sadlyb.rapidlyc.clearlyd.anx