练习十重点讲解ppt课件

1、新高一暑假作业第十讲新高一暑假作业第十讲简单句和并列句简单句和并列句 I. I. 句子的分类按构造句子的分类按构造1. 简单句简单句 Simple Sentences 2. 并列句并列句 Compound Sentences3. 复合句复合句 Complex Sentences1. 简单句简单句 He gives me a book. Tom and I play football together. We all laugh, sing and dance. 由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子叫简单句。或并列谓语构成的句子叫简单句。2. 并列句并

2、列句 I am poor I work hard. Be quick you will be late. 由并列连词如：由并列连词如：and, so, but, or等把等把 两个或两个以上的简单句连在一同而构成两个或两个以上的简单句连在一同而构成 的句子。的句子。butor3. 复合句复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成 的句子的句子,从句是主句的一个成分。从句是主句的一个成分。 We dont know who they are waiting for. When it rains, I go to school by bus.II. II. 简

3、单句的五种根本句型简单句的五种根本句型 1. 主语主语 + 谓语谓语 The students are running.2. 主语主语 + 系动词系动词 + 表语表语 John is a music teacher. 3. 主语主语 + 谓语谓语 + 宾语宾语 She likes her new bike.4. 主语主语 + 谓语谓语 + 宾语宾语 + 宾补宾补 We call him Jack.5. 主语主语 + 谓语谓语 + 间宾间宾 + 直宾直宾 He brouhgt me a dictionary.并列句的常用连词并列句的常用连词 我们常用并列连词我们常用并列连词and, not on

4、ly but also等衔接表顺接关系等衔接表顺接关系 Use your head, and youll find a way. 我们常用并列连词我们常用并列连词but, while, however, yet等衔接表转机关系。等衔接表转机关系。 She tried her best, but she failed. 3. 我们常用并列连词我们常用并列连词or, eitheror, 等衔接表选择关系。等衔接表选择关系。 Be quick, or youll be late. Either you leave this house or Ill call the police.4. 我们常用并列

5、连词我们常用并列连词so, for等衔接表等衔接表 因果关系。因果关系。 It was late, so we went home.句子的分类按用途句子的分类按用途 陈说句陈说句 Declarative Sentences 疑问句疑问句 Interrogative Sentences 祈使句祈使句 Imperative Sentences 感慨句感慨句 Exclamatory Sentences Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播速度快。阐明现实光比声传播速度快。阐明现实 The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。阐明观念这

6、部电影很乏味。阐明观念1. 陈说句陈说句 用来陈说现实或观念。用来陈说现实或观念。陈说句的否认构造陈说句的否认构造 1. be 动词和情态动词的否认方式是动词和情态动词的否认方式是 在在be动词和情态动词后加动词和情态动词后加not. He was not watching TV last night.You shouldnt stay here. 2. 实义动词的否认方式，是在实义动词实义动词的否认方式，是在实义动词 前加助动词构成否认。前加助动词构成否认。 I dont understand your words.He hasnt done it yet.要特别留意陈说句的否认构造要特别留

7、意陈说句的否认构造1. 否认转移否认转移:主句谓语动词是主句谓语动词是think, expect, believe, suppose, guess 等表等表“以为以为 的动词时的动词时,宾语从句的否认习惯上宾语从句的否认习惯上前移到主句谓语上前移到主句谓语上.I dont think I know you.She doesnt believe you are wrong. 2. 句中含有句中含有never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, nothing, nobody, nowhere等词时等词时, 应视为否认句。应视为否认句。I coul

8、d hardly hear anything.He rarely comes to see me.None of us has been to Beijing.I saw nothing in the darkness.We could find her nowhere. 用来提出恳求，建议或发出命令，一定的祈使用来提出恳求，建议或发出命令，一定的祈使句用动词原形开头，否认的祈使句用句用动词原形开头，否认的祈使句用Dont 或或 Never +动词原形开头。动词原形开头。2. 祈使句祈使句Sit down, please!Dont be nervous!有时为了加强语气还可以在动词前面用有时为

9、了加强语气还可以在动词前面用上助动词上助动词do。Do come earlier, please! 表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等心情，表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等心情， 常用常用what或或how来引导。常见的句型构造：来引导。常见的句型构造： What + 名词名词 +主语主语+谓语！谓语！ How +描画词或副词描画词或副词 +主语主语+谓语！谓语！What good news it is!What a silly question he asked! How cool it is today!How hard the students are working!3. 感慨句感慨句 1)普通

10、疑问句普通疑问句 常指用常指用yes或或no回答的句回答的句子，常把助动词子，常把助动词be、have、do或情态动词或情态动词等提到主语之前等提到主语之前4. 疑问句疑问句You can finish the work in time. Can you finish the work in time? Yes, I can./ No, I cant.2) 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 指用疑问词开头的疑指用疑问词开头的疑问句，不能用问句，不能用yes或或no回答回答 Where do you live? What do you like most? 3)选择疑问句选择疑问句 这种疑问句通常提出两这种

11、疑问句通常提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择，供选种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择，供选择的部分常用择的部分常用or 衔接。衔接。Would you like some tea or coffee? Which jacket did he buy, the green one or the red one? 4)反意疑问句反意疑问句 由由“陈说句陈说句+附加疑问句构成，表示说话附加疑问句构成，表示说话者对所表达的现实虽有一定见解，但没有者对所表达的现实虽有一定见解，但没有把握，提出疑问，希望得到对方的证明。把握，提出疑问，希望得到对方的证明。常见句型构造：前一定后否认；常见句型构造：前一定

12、后否认； 前否认后一定前否认后一定Work is a big part of your life, isnt it?They all had a good time, didnt they? He doesnt know her, does he?其中附加疑问句必需与前面的陈说其中附加疑问句必需与前面的陈说句在人称和数的方面坚持一致句在人称和数的方面坚持一致留意留意: 陈说句中的否认有多种方式，除了用陈说句中的否认有多种方式，除了用not之外，还可以用之外，还可以用hardly, few, little, never, seldom, nobody, nothing, nowhere等词表示否

13、认，但否认的前缀等词表示否认，但否认的前缀和后缀不算否认。和后缀不算否认。She dislikes pets, doesnt she?Tom can hardly cook, can he?Nobody came here just now, did they?Practice一指出以下句子分别属于简单句还是一指出以下句子分别属于简单句还是并列句。假设是简单句，说出是哪种并列句。假设是简单句，说出是哪种根本句型。假设是并列句，请划出衔根本句型。假设是并列句，请划出衔接词。接词。1. All roads lead to Rome.2. He got up, dressed quickly, wa

14、shed himself and went out.3. Is he a superman?4. Dont be shy. Have a try.5. The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.6. He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan.7. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.8. Hurry up, or youll be late.1. All roads lead to Rome.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语简单句简单句2. He got

15、 up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.简单句简单句主语主语谓语谓语He is a superman.3. Is he a superman?系动词系动词主语主语表语表语4. Dont be shy. Have a try.简单句简单句简单句简单句祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句5. The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.系动词系动词主语主语表语表语简单句简单句6. He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan.并列句并列句7.

16、 Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.8. Hurry up, or youll be late.并列句并列句并列句并列句10. The blue jacket looks nice on you. _ is it? Its 50 dollars. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often根据回答根据回答“It s 50 dollars.得知讯问价得知讯问价钱，用特殊疑问词钱，用特殊疑问词“how much二单项选择二单项选择15. The air is fresh outside. Lets go and t

17、ake a walk, _ ? will you B. shall we C. dont you D. arent you祈使句中陈说部分用祈使句中陈说部分用lets, 疑问部分用疑问部分用shall we; 陈说部分用陈说部分用let us, 疑问部分用疑问部分用will you.16. Few well-known singers came to the concert，did they? _ .Such as Andy Lau，Jay Chou and Kristy Zhang A. No，they didnt B. Yes，they did C. No，they did D. Yes，

18、they didntyes, no与后面的答语要一致，因此排除与后面的答语要一致，因此排除CD。英文中根据现实回答，与汉语的习惯略有英文中根据现实回答，与汉语的习惯略有不同。不同。17. _ kind girl Nancy is! Yes, she is always ready to help others. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a感慨句感慨句“What +a +adj.+可数名词单数可数名词单数+主主语语+谓语！谓语！18. Could you tell me _? Yes. He_ to the USA. A. where he is; has

19、 gone B. where is he; has been C. where was he; has been D. where he was; has gone宾语从句为陈说语序，排除宾语从句为陈说语序，排除BC。讯问如今。讯问如今在哪，所以为如今时。在哪，所以为如今时。21. You lent me some money a few months ago. _ ? I dont remember lending you any money. A. Did I B. Did you C. Do I D. Do you借钱与否为过去的事，所以用过去时。答借钱与否为过去的事，所以用过去时。答案

20、补充完好为案补充完好为“Did I lend you some money? 23. Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine? _ . A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A dictionary D. Yes, both选择疑问句的回答不需用选择疑问句的回答不需用“yes或或“no, 直接回答所选项即可。直接回答所选项即可。25. “Tom, _ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy,said Mum.

21、 A. not be B. not to be C. be not D. don t be否认的祈使句用否认的祈使句用Dont 或或 Never +动词原动词原形开头形开头32.Few people knew how to use the Internet in the past, _ ? A. did they B. didnt they C. did he D. didnt he 反义疑问句前否后肯，附加疑问部分的人反义疑问句前否后肯，附加疑问部分的人称与数必需与陈说部分坚持一致。称与数必需与陈说部分坚持一致。few阐明阐明陈说部分能否认句，主语陈说部分能否认句，主语“people为复为复

22、数，用人称代词数，用人称代词“they替代。替代。33. Why is Tom absent? He must be sick, _ ? A. isnt he B. must he C. is he D. mustnt he 当当must用来对如今的情况进展推测时，附用来对如今的情况进展推测时，附加疑问部分的谓语要与主语的人称和数一加疑问部分的谓语要与主语的人称和数一致。致。34.I dont think he could have done such a stupid thing last night, _? A. do I B. could he C. did he D. has he “

23、I dont think + 宾语从句句型变为反宾语从句句型变为反义疑问句时，附加疑问部分的动词、主语义疑问句时，附加疑问部分的动词、主语和时态与从句中的动词、主语和时态坚持和时态与从句中的动词、主语和时态坚持一致，并用一定方式。一致，并用一定方式。37._ fine weather it is today! A.What a B. How C. How a D. What感慨句感慨句“What + adj.+不可数名词不可数名词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ 38. _ long the bridge is! Let me drive you over it. A.What B. What a C

24、. How D. How a感慨句感慨句“How+ adj.+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ 41. The writer began to love her mothers desk _. A. after Mother died B. before she became a writer C. when she was a child D. when Mother gave it to her 由全文第一句可知答案。其中由全文第一句可知答案。其中“tall enough阐明作者当时是个孩子。阐明作者当时是个孩子。三三 阅读了解阅读了解42. The passage shows that _. Mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter B. Mother was too serious about everything her daughter had done C. Mother cared much about he