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2、45;±ÒÕþ²ßforeign exchange Íâ»ãspot transaction ¼´ÆÚ½»Ò×forward transaction Ô¶ÆÚ½»Ò×option forward transaction ÔñÆÚ½»Ò×swap transac

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4、;ÛÉÏÕÇfederal reserve ÃÀÁª´¢buying rate ÂòÈë¼Ûselling rate Âô³ö¼Ûspread ²î·ùcontract ºÏͬat par ƽ¼Ûpremium ÉýË

5、;®discount ÌùË®direct quoation method Ö±½Ó±¨¼Û·¨indirect quoation method ¼ä½Ó±¨¼Û·¨dividend ¹ÉÏ¢domestic currency ±¾±Òfloating rate

6、84;¡¶¯ÀûÂÊcredit swap »¥»Ý´û¿îventure capital ·çÏÕ×ʱ¾book value ÕÊÃæ¼ÛÖµphysical capital ʵ¼Ê×ʱ¾ipo(ini

7、tial public offering) йÉÊ×·¢£»Ê״ι«¿ª·¢ÐÐ job machine ¾ÍÒµÊг¡welfare capitalism ¸£Àû×ʱ¾Ö÷Ò

8、åcollective market cap Êг¡×ʱ¾×ÜÖµglolbal corporation ¿ç¹ú¹«Ë¾transnational status ¿ç¹úÓÅÊÆtransfer price תÈü۸ñ

9、consolidation ¼æ²¢leverage ¸Ü¸Ëfinancial turmoil/meltdown ½ðÈÚΣ»úfile for bankruptcy ÉêÇëÆƲúbailout ¾ÈÖútake over ÊÕ¹ºbuy out ¹º

10、Âò(ijÈ˵Ä)²úȨ»òÈ«²¿»õÎïgo under ÆƲútake a nosedive £¨¹ÉÊУ©´óµøtumble ϵøfalter Ò&

11、#161;Ò¡Óû×¹on the hook ±»Ì×סshore up confidence ÌáÕñÊг¡ÐÅÐÄstave off µ²¿ª, ±Ü¿ª,liquidate assets ×ʲúÇåË

12、;ãat fire sale prices ³¬µÍ¼Ûsell-off ֤ȯµÄµø¼Ûreserve ´¢±¸note Ʊ¾ÝdiscountÌùÏÖcirculateÁ÷ͨcentral bank ÖÐÑëÒ

13、;øÐÐthe federal reserve systemÁª°î´¢±¸ÏµÍ³credit union ÐÅÓúÏ×÷Éçpaper currency Ö½±Òcredit creation ÐÅÓô´Ôìbranch

14、banking ÒøÐзÖÐÐÖÆunit banking µ¥Ò»ÒøÐÐÖÆout of circulation Í˳öÁ÷ͨcapital stock¹É±¾at parÒÔƱÃæ¼Û&

15、#214;µ¼Æelectronic bankingµç×ÓÒøÐÐthe gold standard½ð±¾Î»the federal reserve board Áª°î´¢±¸Î¯Ô±»áthe stock market crash ¹ÉÊÐ&

16、#183;籩reserve ratio ×¼±¸½ð±ÈÂÊdivision of labor ÀͶ¯·Ö¹¤legal tender ·¨¶¨»õ±Òfiat money ·¨¶¨Í¨»õa medium of excha

17、nge½»»»Ã½½élegal sanction·¨ÂÉÖƲÃface valueÃæÖµliquid assetsÁ÷¶¯×ʲúilliquidl assets·ÇÁ÷¶¯×ʲúthe liquidity sc

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21、eposits´ó¶î¶¨ÆÚ´æ¿îbank overnight repurchase agreements ÒøÐиôÒ¹»Ø¹ºÐ­Òé bank long-term repurchase agreements ÒøÐг¤ÆÚ&#

22、187;عºÐ­Òé thrift institutions ´æ¿î»ú¹¹financial institution ½ðÈÚ»ú¹¹a means of payment Ö§¸¶ÊÖ¶Îa store of value´¢²ØÊ&#

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24、#219;¸ñµÄÕÇ·ùdealer½»Ò×Ô±broker¾­¼ÍÈËpension funds ÑøÀÏ»ù½ðface amountÃæÖµbankers acceptanceÒøÐгжÒ

25、»ãƱfed fund Áª°î»ù½ðeurodollarÅ·ÖÞÃÀÔªtreasury bills ¹ú¿âȯfloating-rate ¸¡¶¯±ÈÂÊfixed-rate ¹Ì¶¨±È&

26、#194;Êdefault risk ÍÏÇ··çÏÕcredit ratingÐÅÓþ¼¶±ðtax collectionË°ÊÕmoney market»õ±ÒÊг¡capital market×ʱ¾Êг¡origina

27、l maturity ԭʼµ½ÆÚÆÚÏÞsurplus funds¹ýÊ£»ù½ðsyndicationÐÁµÏ¼Óunderwrite°üÏú£¬ÈϹºhedge¶Ô³åÂ

28、2;Âô¡¢Ì×ÆÚ±£Öµinnovationµ½ÆÚ½»Ò×spreadÀû²îprincipal±¾½ðswapµôÆÚ½»Ò×eurobond market Å·ÖÞÕ®&

29、#200;¯Êг¡euronoteÅ·ÖÞƱ¾Ýfederal reserve bank (frb)Áª°î´¢±¸ÒøÐÐunsecured creditÎÞµ£±£´û¿îfixed term time deposit¶¨

30、ÆÚÖ§¸¶´æ¿îlead bankǣͷÒøÐÐneogotiable time depositÒ鸶¶¨ÆÚ´æ¿îinter-bank money marketÒøÐÐͬҵ»õ

31、7;ÒÊг¡medium term loan ÖÐÆÚ´û¿îsyndicated creditÒøÍÅ´û¿îmerchant bankÉÌÒµÒøÐÐportfolio management ÓмÛծȯ¹&#

32、220;Àílease financing×âÁÞÈÚ×Ênote issurance facilityƱ¾Ý·¢Ðа²ÅÅbearer note²»¼ÇÃûƱ¼Ûunderwriting facility°üÏú°

33、8;ÅÅfloating-rate note ¸¡¶¯ÀûÂÊƱ¾Ýbond holderծȯ³Ö³ÖÓÐÕßlondon interbank offered rate(libor)Â׶ØͬҵÓÅ»Ý

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35、ervesÎÞÏ¢´¢±¸½ðinterest rate controls ÀûÂʹÜÖÆinterest rate ceiling ÀûÂÊÉÏÏÞinterest rate floor ÀûÂÊÏÂÏÞÆƲú i

36、nsolvencyÓг¥»¹Õ®ÎñÄÜÁ¦µÄ solventºÏͬ contract»ãÂÊ exchange rate˽Ӫ²¿ÃÅ private sector²ÆÕþ¹ÜÀí»

37、;ú¹¹ fiscal authorities¿íËɵIJÆÕþÕþ²ß slack fiscal policyË°·¨ tax bill²ÆÕþ public finance²ÆÕþ²¿ the ministry of financeƽºâ&#

38、212;¤Ëã balanced budget¼Ì³ÐË° inheritance tax»õ±ÒÖ÷ÒåÕß monetariestÔöֵ˰ vat (value added tax)ÊÕÈë revenue×ÜÐèÇó aggregate d

39、emand»õ±Ò»¯ monetization³à×Ö deficit¾­¼Ã²»¾°Æø recessiona period when the economy of a country is notsuccessful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and the

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41、192;Ͷ¯Á¦ labor forceʵ¼Ê¹¤×Ê real wages³É±¾Íƽøʽͨ»õÅòÕÍ cost-push inflationÐèÇóÀ­¶¯Ê½Í&

42、#168;»õÅòÕÍ demand-pull inflation˫λÊýͨ»õÅòÕÍ double- digit inflation¼«¶Èͨ»õÅòÕÍ hyperinflation³¤ÆÚͨ»

43、õÅòÕÍ chronic inflationÖÎÀíͨ»õÅòÕÍ to fight inflation×îÖÕÄ¿±ê ultimate goal»µµÄÓ°Ïì adverse effectµ£±£ ensureÌ

44、;ùÏÖ discountÏôÌõµÄ sluggishÈϹº subscribe to֧ƱÕÊ»§ checking account»õ±Ò¿ØÖƹ¤¾ß instruments of monetry controlƪ¶

45、4;£º³£ÓýðÈÚÓ¢Óï´Ê»ãµÄ·­Òë³£ÓýðÈÚÓ¢Óï´Ê»ãµÄ·­Òëbad loan ´ô&

46、#213;Êchart of cash flow ÏÖ½ðÁ÷Á¿±íclearly-established ownership ²úȨÇåÎúdebt to equity ծת¹Édiversity of equities ¹ÉȨ¶àÔª»¯

47、;economy of scale ¹æÄ£¾­¼Ãemerging economies ÐÂÐ˾­¼Ãexchange-rate regime »ãÂÊ»úÖÆfund and financing ³ï×ÊÈÚ×Êglobal financial architecture &

48、#200;«Çò½ðÈÚÌåϵglobal integration, globality È«ÇòÒ»Ì廯£¬È«Çò»¯go public ÉÏÊÐgrowth spurt £¨¾­¼Ãµ&#

49、196;£©¼±¾çÔö³¤hedge against Ì×ÆÚ±£Öµhousing mortgage ס·¿°´½Òholdings ¿Ø¹É£¬Ëù³Ö¹É·Ýinitial offering

50、s ԭʼ¹Éinitial public offerings Ê״ι«Ä¼innovative business ´´ÐÂÆóÒµintellectual capital ÖÇÁ¦×ʱ¾inter-bank lending ²ð½èinternet

51、customer ÍøÉÏ¿Í»§investment payoff period Ͷ×Ê»ØÊÕÆÚjoint-stock ²Î¹Émall rat °®¹äÉ̵êµÄÄêÇáÈËmeans of producti

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54、ce ÔÚÏß½ðÈÚonline client £¨ÒøÐеģ©ÍøÉÏ¿Í»§paper profit ÕÊÃæÊÕÒæphysical assets ÓÐÐÎ×ʲúpr

55、oject fund system ÏîÄ¿×ʱ¾½ðÖƶÈpyramid sale ´«Ïúrecapitalize ×ʲúÖØ×éregional corrency blocks µØÇø»õ±Ò¼¯ÍÅreg

56、ulate µ÷¿Øsell off ±äÏÖshare(stock) option ÆÚȨ£¬¹ÉƱÈϹºÈ¨smart card ÖÇÄÜ¿¨slash prices ɱ¼Ûspare capacity ÏÐÖ

57、5;µÄÉú²úÄÜÁ¦strong growth Ç¿¾¢µÄÔö³¤ÊÆÍ·switch trade תÊÖóÒ×take¡­public ÉÏÊÐtap the idle assets ÅÌ

58、»î´æÁ¿×ʲútransaction £¨ÒøÐеģ©½»Ò×transfer payment from the exchequer ²ÆÕþתÒÆÖ§¸¶venture-capital ·çÏ&#

59、213;×ʱ¾virtual bank ÐéÄâÒøÐÐwire transfer µç×ÓתÕʾ­¼Ã½ðÈÚÊõÓﺺӢ¶ÔÕÕ±ía-ba°²&

60、#200;«Íø safety net°´ÇáÖØ»º¼± to prioritize°µ²¹ implicit subsidy°µ¿÷ hidden lossb°ä·¢ÓªÒµÖ´ÕÕ to license;to grant a licence to°

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62、#182;î×¼±¸½ð£© excess reserves±¾Íâ±Ò²¢ÕË consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts±¾Íâ±Ò¶Ô³å²Ù×÷ sterilization operation&#

63、177;¾Î»ÀûÒæ localized interest;departmentalism±ÜË°£¨Çë¼û¡°ÌÓË°¡±£© tax avoidance±ÒÖÖ´îÅä²»µ± currency mis

64、match±äÏàÉç»á¼¯×Ê disguised irregular£¨or illegal£© fund raising±íÍâ¿ÆÄ¿£¨ÒµÎñ£© off-balance-sheet items£¨operation£©

65、77;¡Èõ»·½Ú weaknesses;loopholes²»±ä³É±¾ fixed cost²»±ä¼Û at constant price;in real terms²»¶¯²ú real estate²»Á¼´û¿î problem lo

66、ans£»non-performing loansc²ÆÕþ³à×Ö fiscal deficit²ÆÕþ¼·ÒøÐÐ fiscal pressure on the central bank£¨over monetary policy£©²ÆÕþÕþ²ßÓë»õ±ÒÕþ²ßµÄÅäºÏ coordination of fiscal and monetary policies²ÉÈ¡Ñ­Ðò½