建筑施工-专业单词及术语

1、open socke明插座 hidden socket 暗插座 pull switch拉线开关 bulb灯泡 sun lamp日光灯 wiring布线 pip clip 管夹 screw螺钉 wood screw木螺钉 switching扳动开关 safety switch安全开关 power supply电源，动力供应 substation 变电站（所）s witch panel 配电盘 oil switch油（浸）开关 relay继电器 pipe diestock 筲 /绞板 die板牙 cuitent 电流 voltage 电压 ampere安培 volt伏特 resistance 电阻

2、 ohm欧姆 high voltage 高压 low voltage 低压 transformer 变压器 circuit 电路 fuse保险丝 discharging rod 避雷针 direct current 直流 （dc）第二部分专业单词及术语一、电气部分单词及术语二、水暖安装部分单词及术语1三、建筑安装部分单词及术语四、施工机械一、电气部分单词及术语 pip wrench 管钳子 ajustable spanner 活扳了 pipe bender弯管气（机） hand hammer 手锤 hack saw铁（钢）锯 saw木锯 ladder梯子 screw driver 螺丝刀 pi

3、ncers casing 钳套 electroprobe 检电笔 voltmeter电压表 watt-hour meter 电度农 universal meter 万能农 pincerlike galvanometer 钳形电流农 safety-belt 安全畔； pole climbers 脚扣子 wire grip紧线器 wire电线 cable电缆 wiring case 接线盒 waterproof elbow 防水弯头 desk-lamp base 坐灯头 tenninal box 岀线盒 socket插座alternating current 交流 （ac）rated curren

4、t额定电流 rated voltage额宦电压 rated load额定负载 power功率 rated power额定功率 knife switch闸刀开关 master switch 总开关 insulating materials 绝缘材料 insulator绝缘体 insulating tape 绝缘胶带 shielding 屏蔽 shielding wire 屏蔽线 architectural working drawing 建筑施工图 general plan 总图 plane diagram 平面图 foundation plan基础平面图 ground floor plan底层

5、平面图 standard floor plan标准层平面图 top floor plan顶层平面图 elevation drawing 立面图 front elevation 正面图 back elevation 背立面图 side elevation 侧面图 right elevation 右立面图 sectional drawing 截（剖、断）面图 detail drawing详图，大样图 architectural drawing 建筑图 structural drawing 结构图 office building 办公楼residence 住宅factory 厂房highway 公路

6、bridgework桥梁工程二、水暖安装部分单词及术语1、terms of water supply pipe水、暧、空调术语central heating and air-conditionlead pouring joint runner 灌铅（填缝浇）口 asbestos-cement closure of joint 棉水泥 li seepage water 渗流水air channel ill 风口 （通风道）vapour蒸汽washing 冲洗backwater pipe 冋水管hot-water pipe 热水系统steam pipe蒸汽筲compensator 补偿器seam

7、咬 ushaking 震动socket-and-spigot cast iron pipe 承插铸铁管socketed tee 承 口三通coupler 接轮galvanized steel pipe 镀锌钢管galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头galvanized tee 镀锌三通coal-gas pipe 煤气管tap水咀（龙头）steam-water-mixing valve 汽水混合伐hot and cold water mixing gooseneck tap冷热水混合的鹅颈龙头multi-vane valve 多叶伐safety valve 安全伐trap疏水器thermom

8、eter 温度计u-shaped pressure gauge u 型压力计 hemp 麻hemp packing麻垫，麻丝封填 heat-proof polyvinyl chloride pipe 耐冲击聚氯乙烯管 viscose foam-rubber mat 带粘胶的泡沫橡胶垫 sink water trap 存水弯 floor drain 地漏 clean-out 清洁口 wash basin （洗脸）盆 bidet处洗器utensil of drinking water 饮水器 water strainer 滤水器 squatting stool pan 蹲式大便器 sitting

9、stool pan坐式大便器 low flush tank 低水箱 cesspool污水池 radiator暧气片（散热片） windpipe 气（风）管 air strainer空气过滤器 pressure-reducing valve 减压伐 fire hydrant 消防栓 hot-blast heating 热风暖气 pipe-fittings with thread （带）丝（管）头 bathtub 浴盆 valve pit伐门井 deep well pump 深井象pump水泵pressure testing pump 试压衆boiler锅炉water storage tank 贮

10、水箱pipe cutter割管器，切管机pipe diestock管子绞板架die板牙phosphate film rot-proof steel sheet磷酸盐薄膜防锈钢板air-condition tank 空调箱heat-exchange 热交换器 rectangular air hose 矩形风管 round air hose圆形风管2、terms of pipe technician 工业管工术语 hydraulic pressure test 水压试验 air pressure test 气压试验blow out 吹扫center-line locating 找中心线elevat

11、ion locating 找标高gradient倾斜度anticorrosion防腐（刷油漆）elbow弯头bend煨弯put in material 下料pipe diameter 管径tee三通liquid ammonia氨液, 氨水 softening of water 软化水 prefabrication 预制 fixed joint固泄接头 staggered joint 错 fldrawing for prefabrication 侦制图casing pipe 套管chain wrench 钳子network drawing 网络图tube expander 胀管器medium介质

12、file锂刀3.terms of riveter and steel structurehand emery wheel 手砂轮钏工及钢结构术语flange法兰lofting 放样valve阀门set out； setting rightscrew hole 螺孔定线，测定；矫正screw bolt 螺栓lay out号料pipe plug管塞、丝堵diagonal对角线blank flange肓板、肓法兰template 样板expansion bolt 伸缩螺栓leak test试漏，漏泻试验clack valve ill 回阀repair修理gate valve 闸阀standard 标

13、准ball valve 球阀specifications 规范glass-tube玻璃管液面计start working 开工filling in sand 充沙子stop work 停工ground stove地（卜"式烘）炉completion 竣工pipe-bending table 煨管台plate steel 钢板pipe-bender； pipe-bending machinesteel sections ;steel shapes 型钢弯管机rail钢轨blower通风机i-steel工字钢fixed trestle固定支架channel iron 槽钢sliding

14、trestle 滑动支架flat steel 扁钢rolling trestle 滚动支架carbon steel 碳素钢pipe clip 管夹low-alloy steel 低合金钢hanger frame 吊架manganese steel 镒钢spring shackle 弹簧支架raw steel 原钢seamless steel pipe 无缝钢件hand hammer 手锤plastic tube 塑料管sledge hammer 人锤plexiglass pipe有机玻璃管electrical drill 电钻stainless steel pipe 不锈钢管angle squ

15、are 角尺 steel tape钢卷尺 lead线锤 transit经纬仪 level水平仪 ladder梯子 platform 平台 convexo-concave degree i 叫凸度 perpendicularity 垂ti（度） steel roof truss 钢屋架 sample punching pin 样冲（子） unfold展开 steel platform 钢平台 compasses for drawing lines 划线圆规 hose软管水平仪 ellipse 椭圆 line drawing 画线 symbol符号 specifications 规格 contou

16、r line 轮廓线 quality 质量 section steel straight tener 型钢矫直机 plate shears 剪板机 plate rolling machine 卷板机 leveling machine 矫平机 radial drill旋（摇）臂钻床 vacuum testing 真空检验4、welder's terms 焊工术语 welding 焊接 cut切割 play movement接头间隙 groove angle 坡 口角度 obtuse angle 钝角 butt-weld 对接 lap over 搭接 lap welding 搭接焊 con

17、tinuous welding 连续焊 spot welding 点焊 gap welding间断焊，断续焊接 t-joint t形接头 backstep welding 分段退焊（法） symmetrical 对称焊 welding flux焊接溶剂 horizontal（level）seam t-缝 vertical（upright）seam 立缝 overhead welding 仰焊 superwide pass 超宽焊道 convex weld焊肉超高（凸焊缝） hand welding 手工焊 automatic welding 门动焊 argon arc welding 氟弧焊

18、gas shieded welding 气体保护焊 submerged arc welding 埋弧焊 carbon-arc air gouging 碳引r气何j chip root of weld铲根；清焊根 remove the coating of electrode 除药皮 unfused未熔合 undercut 咬边 gas holes 气孑l slag inclusion 夹渣 crack裂纹weld bead 焊道5、roentgenoscopy x射线检测(探伤)ultrasonic inspection 超声pull test拉力试验rotate by hand 盘午bend

19、 test弯曲试验machining (processing) precision 力口工精度 hardness test硬度试验retarding box 减速箱lash test冲击试验gear wheel 齿轮colouration test 着色试验pickling 酸洗 intercrystalline corrosion test 晶间腐蚀检 electrode holder 焊把，焊条钳 welding torch 焊矩 cutting torch 害9矩 acetylene generator 乙炊;发牛器 oxygen cylinder 氧气瓶 argon cylinder

20、氮气瓶 welding electrodes 电焊条 welding wire 焊丝 plastic welding rod 塑料焊条 plastic welding handle 塑料焊把 regulating electric current 焊接规范 regulating electric current 调整电流 to repair over again 返修 test piece 试件 welder's certificate 焊工合格证 interflow electric welding machine 交流电焊机direct current electric weldi

21、ng machine 直流电焊机 argon arc welder 氟弧焊机 versatile (universal) position 全位置 macroscopic check 宏观检查terms about installing bench work 安装钳工术语 deviation 偏差 space间隙tile cradle瓦管座，瓦托板 bearing 轴承 level水平 equipment设备基础 foundation bolt 地脚螺栓 wash洗涤；清洗 grind研磨 temperature 温度 direction 方向 disintegration 解体 instal

22、lation ; assemble 组装(安装) datum level 基准面 coupling联轴节 flat pad iron 平垫铁 wedged pad iron 斜犁:铁 secondary grouting 二次灌浆 check up ; examination 检查 draw a line 划线 metrical system 公制 british system 英制 leading 压铅 rouitive velocity meter 车专速农transmission shaft 彳动轴bit钻头saw blade 锯条wrench扳手，扳钳 clearance gauge

23、塞尺 calliper rule 卡尺 calipers 卡钳 flat file 扁锂 scraper; scratch tool 刮刀 screwdriver 螺丝刀 triangular file 三角锂 semicircular file 半圆锂 pliers; hand vice 老虎钳 chipper 堑子 washer犁圈 tap丝锥 a table for drawing lines 划线 '卜台 grease黄汕 engine oil 机油 cleaning洗油，玄油，清洗 bench drill 台钻 compressor 压缩机 air blower鼓风机 ele

24、ctric motor 电动机 diesel dynamo柴汕发电机hosister commonly used terms 起重工常用术语commanding signal 扌呂挥信号 hoisting (and mounting)吊装 coordination 配合 chain jack倒链。；链式起重器 wire rope钢丝绳 hoisting line 起重绳 hanger ;hook 吊钩 binding 绑扎 rolling bar 滚杠 trailer 拖车 hand cart手推车 radius of gyration 冋转半径 safety netting 安全网 tow牵

25、引 hoisting (lifting) capacity 起重最 safety coefficient 安全系数 business accounting 核算 consolidate 加固 crowbar 撬棍 pulley滑轮，滑挙 pulley block 滑千组 hoisting jack起重千斤顶 sleeper 枕木 coir rope 棕绳 fastening ring 卡环(卡扣) lifting ring 吊环 steel cable fastener 钢丝绳卡了 anchor pile 锚桩 fork-lift 叉车 safety helmet 安全帽 permissibl

26、e pulling force 容许拉力 equipment 设备五、建筑安装部分单词及术语1、drawings 图纸类 the contents of drawings 图纸目录 central heating drawing（集屮供暖）暖气图ventilation drawing 通风图 electric drawing 电气图 air-condition drawing 空调图 installation diagram 安装图 steel bar drawing 钢筋图 construction drawing 施工图 perspective drawing 透视图 foundation

27、 plan基础平面图 piled foundation drawing 桩基础图 concrete foundation drawing 栓慕图 nibble foundation drawing 毛石基础图 reinforced concrete foundation drawing 钢筋检基础图 general building plan 建筑总平面图 general construction master plan 施工总平面图 prefabricated components drawing 预制（装配式）构件图 drawings of door and windows 门窗图 alu

28、minium-alloy door drawing 铝合金窗图 steel casement drawing 钢窗图 steel door drawing 钢门图 central heating system drawing 腹气系统图 water-supply system drawing 上水系统图 water-supply plane digram 上水平面图 water-supply detail drawing 上水大样图 sewer detail drawing 下水大样图 sewer system drawing 下水系统图 sewer plane diagram 下水 面图 v

29、entilation standard drawing 通风标准图 ventilation system drawing 通风系统图 ventilation plane diagram 通风平面图 ventilation detail drawing 通风大样图 air-condition system drawing 空调系统图 air-condition plane diagram 空调平面图 structural detail drawing 结构大样图 structural plane diagram 结构平面图 building detail drawing 建筑大样图 orname

30、ntal detail drawing 装饰大样图 electric plane diagram 电气平面图 electric system drawing 电气系统图 lectric plate sckeme 电气盘面图 electric wiring diagram 电气接线图 electric principle drawing 电气原理图distributor structure drawing 配电盘结构图electrical construction detail drawing 电气施工大样图roofing structure drawing 屋面结构图balcony detai

31、l drawing 阳台详图lattice detail drawing花格详图magnifying detail drawing节点人样roofing drainage schematic diagram屋血排水示意图steel sheet pile 钢板桩construction survey location drawing 施工测最泄位图2、engineering terms 工程术语 ground foundation 地基基础类 foundation 地基 earth (ground) endurance 地耐力 geological prospecting 地质钻探 earthq

32、uake magnitude 地震震级 sand foundation 砂基础 pile foundation 桩基础 nibble foundation 毛石基础 reinforced concrete 钢筋殓基础 brick foundation 砖基础 deep foundation 深基础 shallow foundation 浅基础 quick sand 流砂 ground beam 地梁 foundation beam 慕础梁 demppoof course 防潮层 footing course呈台底层，基(础)层 raft foundation格床筏式基础 rigid found

33、ation 刚性基础 shell foundation 壳体基础 plain concrete saddle 素土 垫座 sand bedding course 砂垫层 machine-rolled foundation 机械碾压地基 slope of foundation pit 基坑边坡 drilling-poured pile 钻孔灌注扎 explosion-poured pile 爆破灌注桩sandy soil 砂土expanded clay 膨胀黏土chimney 烟囱septic tank 化粪池water cistern 贮水池fresh water vat 淡水缸salt wa

34、ter vat 盐水缸alkaline water vat 碱水缸(1) earthwork ±方工程foundation excavation 基础开挖 foundation pit 基坑 fill填方excavation 扌艺方rock drilling 凿岩(工作) earthwork transportation ill方运输 foundation drainage 地基排水 pumping from pit 坑内抽水scaffold脚手架steel scaffold 钢脚手架fastener steel pipe scaffold扣件式钢管脚手架bolt steel pip

35、e scaffold螺栓式钢管脚手架upright stanchion 立杆horizontal pole ; transverse strut 横杆 all-round scaffold 满堂脚手架 material-putting platform 上料平台架 moving platform活动平台架cornice scaffold挑檐脚手架hanging scaffolding 吊（悬空）脚手架 folding internal scaffold 折叠式里脚手架 external scaffold 外脚手架wooden scaffold board 木脚手板 shaped steel s

36、caffold board 型钢脚手板 sling tray 吊盘 gantry龙门架 derrick 井架 work bench工作台 transportation road 运输道 protecting railings 护 身栏杆 walling work彻体工程axis轴线hollow空心砖concrete brick 轮砖concrete hollow brick 桧空心砖 stone wall pointing joints 石墙勾缝 brick cornice转砌挑檐 brick lintel 砖过梁 brick arch 砖拱 cavity wall 空心墙 filler wa

37、ll填充墙,柱间墙 thermal-insulating wall 保温墙 explosion-proof 防爆墙 enclosure 围墙reinforced concrete slab wall 钢筋磴板墙 parapet女儿墙furred wall 混水墙a corner formed by two walls 墙角 dado墙裙cement mortar水泥砂浆white lime mortar熟石灰砂浆 building block 砌块（5）woodwork木作工程 squared timber 方木材 lumber木材 log元木 plywood胶合板 artificial bo

38、ard 人造板 dryness t 燥 spring door h 由门 wood window 木窗 shutter百页窗 sealed window 密封窗 wood partition wall 木隔断（墙） wood floor木地板 wooden fitments 木装修 wooden formwork 木模板 water content 含水率 wooden ceiling 木吊顶 wooden dado 木墙裙 top rail of wood stair木楼梯栏杆扶手 form work manufacture 模板制作 formwork installation 模板安装do

39、or frame and window frame 门窗框 latticed wall 花格墙aperture of door 门口（径）wall pipe穿墙管window opening ;aperture of window 窗 口 dry wall清水墙，干砌墙stair formwork 楼梯模板girder formwork 大梁模板 ends joint端节点 internal door 内 l' j external door 外门 gate大门metal fittings of door and window门窗小五金glazed door 玻璃门eaves board 风檀板eaves plate 封檐板 sound-absorbing board 吸音板 window apron ;window sill 窗台板 box of window curtain 窗帘盒 eave catch檐犁挑(6) steel bar and processing 钢筋及加工 the kinds of reinforcing steel 钢筋种类 steel bar joint