初中形容词及副词用法总结及练习

1、形容词和副词用法总结及练习一、形容词的用法：（-）概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常可将形容词分成性质 形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。【难点】2. 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以乂称为表语形容词，这类形容词大多数以a开头的 形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid, asleep, awake» alone等。（二）形容词的种类1. 品质形容词：英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品质，如：The play was boring.那出戏很枯燥乏味。You have an honest fac

2、e.你有一张诚实的脸。2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词，如：She had on a blue coat.她穿了一件蓝色的外套。3. -ing形容词：有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，如：4. -ed形容词：它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义，多数为 品质形容词，如：She looked tired5. 合成形容词：warm-hearted热心的，heart-breaking令人心碎的（三）形容词的用法和在句中的位置1、形容词在句中主要可用作：1）定语：What a fine day!2）表语：She looks happy.3）宾语的补语（构成合成宾语）：Do you t

3、hink it necessary你认为这有必要吗？4）状语：He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又饿又累的回到家里。2、形容词在句中的位置：有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置形容词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置形容词。1）当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为: （限定词）T一般描绘性形容词T表示大小、长短、高低的形容词T表示年龄、新旧 的形容词T表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词T表示物质、材料的形容词T （名词）。 如：There is a famous fine old stone bridge near t

4、he village村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。【重点】2 ）、勺形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。如：The boy interested in music is my brother.对音乐:赶兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us 你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗二、副词的用法：（-）概念：用以修饰动词.形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如：not （不人 here （这里）,now （现在）。不少副

5、词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如：Have you read this book before （副词，作时间状语）你以前读过这本书吗？He will arrive before ten o'clock.（介词，before ten o'clock 是介词短语,作时间状语） 他将在10点钟前到达。（二）副词的种类1> 时间副词有三类：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly 等一般位于系 动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词1）表示发生时间的副词：ltzs beginning to rain now!

6、现在开始下雨了 ！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词：She often changes her mind.她常改变主意。3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：He has just had an operation.他刚动过手术。2、地点副词：1）有不少表示地点的副词：She is studying abroad她在国外留学。2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，跟宾语的是介词, 否则是副词： 用作介词：Stand up!起立

7、！ 用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree.猫爬上 了树。3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词：It's the same everywhere 到处都一样。【重点】3、方式副词1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：How beautifully your wife dances你夫人舞跳的真美。2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：She smiled gratefully她感激的笑了笑。3）还有一些以|y结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：He left the town secretly.他悄然离开了这座城市。【重点】4、程度副词和强调副词

8、1）程度副词可修饰动词，表示“到某种程度：Is she badly hurt她伤得重吗？ 说明这类副词除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词（a）或另一副词（b）:a. fairly simple 相当简单quite correct 完全正确b. wonderfully well 好极了 do it very quickly 干得很快【重点】2）much是一个特殊的程度副词，它可以：.修饰形容词等：Km not much good at singing.我唱歌不太好。b.修饰比较级：You sing much better than me.你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nic

9、er than ours.他们的房子比我们的好多了 【重点】5. 疑问副词和连接副词1）疑问副词：疑问副词用来引导特殊问句：how: How is your grandmother 你奶奶身体好吗？ where: Where does she come from 她是哪儿人？ when: When can you come你什么时候能来？ why: Why was he so late他为什么来得这么晚2）连接副词：连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样，但都引导从句或与 不定式连用：>how: Do you know how to start this machine你知道这台机器怎样启动

10、吗 where: I don't know where he lives.我不知道他住在哪儿。（引导宾语从句） when: Tell me when you，II be ready.告诉我你什么时候准备好。（引导宾语 从句）why: Thafs why I came round.这就是我来的原因。（引导表语从句）.一些其它类型的副词，如表示方向的副词：Let's go inside.咱们到里面去。 Take two steps forward.向前走两步。（三）副词的位置1. 副词修饰动词时，通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如：Usually I do my homework i

11、n the evening.（句首）通常我晚上做家庭作业。I often get up at six.（句中）我常在6点起床。Please speak slowly.（句末）请慢慢说。2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面如：These flowers are quite beautiful.（在形容词前）这些花相当漂壳。He works very hard.（在副词前）他匸作很努力。但也有例外，如：She is old enough to go to school.(在形容词后)她已到了上学的 年龄。3. 按一般规则，既有地点状语乂有时间状语时，地点状语应放在时间状语之前。

12、如：We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon. 我彳门H乍天下午在教室开了一I ZJ oHe watched TV at home last night.他昨晚在家看电视。说明形容词一般修饰名词，副词一般修饰动词、形容词或副词。一些形容 词后加上y 可以变成副词,如 slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully 等。【基础练习】(一) 用所给词的正确形式填空(1. The Greens are (happy) to live in this(noise) street They ha

13、vedecided to move to another place2. The panda has been (die) for about two months.3. I like her dress It looks very (beauty).4. Don't feel (worry) about your child The whole class wouldbe (friend) to the new classmate5. The (finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.6. Ifs (possible)

14、 for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon7. It's a (please) trip for all of us.8. The children in China are living a (color) life.9. It was an (amaze) match .It amazed us.felt very (sleep) and fell (sleep) soon when he lay in bed<all had a very (enjoy) time at the party.(二) 选择最佳答案()1 These or

15、anges tasteA. goodB. wellC to be good D. to be well()2.1 can't payas he asked for.A. a as high pricea high pricehigh pricehigh a price()3. We are going to see a film this evening Why not go with us ?I have to do many things this evening Km, you see A. freeB. gladC. sorry D. busy()4. Mum, Bill is

16、 coming to dinner this evening.OK Lets give him to eat.A. something differentB different anythingC. anything differe ntD chf fere nt something() person is talking with the doctor.原级比较级最高级usefulmore usefuldifficultmore difficultdeliciousmore deliciousmost useful most difficult most deliciousA. ill B.

17、 sick C. illness D sickness()6. The day is bright and Let's go for a walk A. sunny B dark C cloudy D. windy()7. Look !beautiful that lake is !A. What B. How C. How a D. What a()8. 一I won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow一 I won't,A. neither B. either C. too D. also()9. He likes to do some

18、reading in the morning, I like it,A. too B either C neitherD also() maths problem isdifficultnobody can work it out.A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that D. very; but()11. Whaf s on the desk11" s_ A. a new green bagB new green bag C a green mew bag D a bag newgree n()12. The night was very, so h

19、e had to take off his shoesA. quiet; quietly B quite; quickly C late; quick D quite; quietly()13. Heto school to clean his classroomA. always comes earlyB. comes always earlyC always early comesD come always earlier()14 I got uptoday.A. later B. more lately C. lately D. late()15. Alicegoes to school

20、 at seven.A. usualB. usually C. hard D. a little三、形容词的比较等级：(一) 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成1. 单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般悄况力Il-er或estnewlongn ewer longern ewest Ion gest以e结尾的词加-r或-stfine latefiner i laterfinest latest以"辅音+y结 尾的词变y为i再加-er 或estearly happyearlier happierearliest i happiest重读闭音节的 词末尾只

21、有一 个辅音字母先双写辅音字 母,再加-er或 -esthot thin fathotter thinner fatterhottestthinn est fattest2. 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。如:【重点】3.'有儿个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestoldolderoldest（二）形容词比较级的用法1.形容词的比较级可以单独使用：Be more careful

22、 next time. 下次小心点。Which book is better 哪本书更好2.也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：a. 名词或代词：He is older than me / I.他年龄比我大。b. 动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c. 从句：I was a better singer than he was.我唱歌比他好。（三）形容词比较级的修饰语1.形容词比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之类表示程度的状语: He' s feel

23、ing much better today.他感到今天好多了。2. 也可在比较级前any, no, some, even, still这类词:Do you feel any better today 你今天感觉好一点 了 吗3. 比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：My sister is ten years younger than me.我妹妹比我小十岁。【难点】（四）形容词比较级的特殊用法1.和more有关的词组:1）the more.the more. 越就越。例如：The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.越努力，

24、进步越 大。2）no more than与一样。例如:The officials could see no more than the Emperor.官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。3） more than 超过，不只是。例如：There are more than two thousand people in the hall2. 和less有关的词组1）less than 不到 不太：It was ready in less than a week2）no less than多达 不少于No less than 2 million people came.至少来 了 2 百万人。3）more

25、or less基本上 大体上 大约The work is more or less finished.这项工作基本上完成了。3. 还有as+形容词或副词原级+as1）notso/asas。例如：He cannot run so/as fast as you.他没你跑得快。2）当as. as中间有名词时釆用以下格式： as+形容词+a+单数名词/： as + manymuch +名词。例如：This is as good an example as the other is.这个例子和另夕卜 个一样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸，我也

26、能。3）表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。 例如：This room is twice as big as that one.这房间的面积是那间 的两倍。Your room is the same size as mine 你的房间和我的一样 大。（五）形容词最高级用法1. the+最髙级+比较范围1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,例如：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。说明形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义，只表示”非常“。例如： It is a most imp

27、ortant problem=lt is a very important problem 这是个很重要 的问题。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。（错） Tom is the tallest of his three brothers（对） Tom is the tallest of the three brothers2）下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almosto例如：This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.这帽子差不多是最大的了。注意：序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：Africa is the

28、 second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3）最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者:Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class（六）形容词最高级的特殊用法1.形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词the可以省略。例句：I think her plan is best.我认为她的计划最好。2形容词最苛级还可和at构成许多短语作状语，如at best, at least, at most 等。例句：L

29、il be with you at latest by ten.我最迟十点钟就来陪你。【基础练习】()1 Your room isthan mine.A. three time bigB. three times bigC. three times biggerD bigger three times()2 When spring comes, it getsA. warm and warmB colder and colderC. warmer and warmerD. shorter and shorter()3he read the book,he got in it.A. The mo

30、re; the more interestingB The less; the more interestingC The more; the more interested D More; more interested()4 I likeone of the two booksA. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older()5 Which do you like, tea or coffee?A. well B. betterC. best D. most()6 This work isfor me than for youA. difficu

31、lt B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult()7 Who jumpedof all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far()8 Li Lei isstudent in our classA. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest()9 Tom is one ofboys in our classA. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall()10 English is one o

32、fspoken in the world.A. the important languages B the most important languagesC most important languageD. the most important Ianguage()11 Most of the woodsbeen taken good care of.A. are B is C has D have()12 I'm notto lift the heavy box.A. short enoughB enough tall C health enoughD strongenough（

33、）13 Which is, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B strongest C. stronger D. the strongest（）14 Do you haveto tell us?A. something new B new somethingC. anything new D. new anything（）15. Most of the people in Gua ng dong are gettingA. more and richB more rich and more richC. richer and richerD rich and rich四

34、、副词的比较等级：（-）概念：副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有 规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是：单音节词的比较级和 最高级在词尾加er或est;多音节词以及ly结尾的副词（early除外），前面加more 或most.o不规则的变化式只能采用各个击破的办法去记忆。1）规则变化原级比较级最高级soon loud fast wideearly happily carefullysooner louderfasterywiderearliermore happilymore carefullysoon est loudest fastest wid

35、est earliest most happily most carefully2）不规则变化原级比较级最高级well badly little much farbetterworse less morefarther （距离） further （程度）best worst least most farthest furthest（二）副词的比较级的用法1、单独使用：Try to do better next time.下次争取干好一点。 He'll come back sooner or later.他迟早会回来的。 Please speak more slowly.请讲慢一点。2、

36、和than 起使用：He swims better than I do.他游泳游得比我好。Can you do any better than that 你能不能干的好一些？He arrived earlier than usual.他到的比平时早。3、比较级前可有状语修饰：You must work much faster你必须大大加快干活的速度。Can you come over a bit more quickly 你能稍稍快点来吗4. as.as 和 not so.as 结构 这两个结构也可结合副词使用：1）as.as可用在肯定句中，表示"像.一样，后面的副词要用原级： Sh

37、e can run as fast as a deer.她能跑的像鹿一样快。2）在否定句中,as.as和so.as都可以用：I don't go there as much as I used.我现在到那里不象过去那么多了。I didn't do as（so） well as I should.我做的不如我应做的那么好。3）这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语：She can read twice as fast as he does.她阅读的速度比他快一倍。（三）副词最高级的用法：副词最高级可修饰动词，前面多数不带定冠词the:He laughs best who laugh

38、s last.（谚语）谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。Of the four of us, I sang （the） worst.我们四人中我唱的最差。（四）副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法：副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结 构或短语中。1）more and more 越来越：It rained more and more heavily.雨下得越来越大了。She went farther and farther away.她越走越远 了。2）the more.the more 越，越：The more I work, the more I accomplish.我干得越多，完成的就越多。3） ha

39、d better 最好:We'd better not disturb him.我们最好不要打扰他。What had we better do我们最好怎么办英语中考考纲基础知识练习（形容词和副词）A卷选择填空：lookedwhen he learned that he hadrVt passed the final exam.A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happydid badly at the school sports meeting I did evenA, worse B, worst C, more bad D, more badly,is y

40、our mother cooking meat in the kitchen It smells so!A, well B, badly C, nice D, prettycar stopped sothat the bus behind almost ran into it.A, closely B, immediately C, suddenly D, soonmust finish cleaning the officeA, as soon as possibleB, as quickly as soonC, as possible as soonD, as soon as possib

41、lyshe said this time sou ndsA, pleasantly B, nicely C, friendly D, trulydidn't workmy brother when I was youngA, as hard as B, harder C, hardest D, hardlyzm going to move It's too noisy in our neighbourhoodA, somewhere quiet B, quiet somewhere C, any where D, quiet any whereIyear, 15 typhoon

42、s （台风）hit China and Khanun wasA, strong B, strongestC, strongerD, the strongest"s a good habit to keep the classroomall the timeA, cleanlyB, clearly C, clear D, cleanclass was over, our maths teacher came into the classroom and said, "Please stay at your seat I have gotto announce“A, nothi

43、 ng imports ntB, importa nt somethingC, importa nt no thingD, something importantthe exam, theyou are, themistakes youll makeA, less careful, fewer B, more careful, less C, less careful, few D, more careful, fewerisjoke you have ever heardA, more funny B, the more funnyC, the most funnyD, the funnie

44、stkind of material feelssilkA, differently from B, the same toC, different as D, different fromrecent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were among the five Olympicmascots （吉祥物）.A, popular B, more popular C, most popular D, the most popular:Is therein today's newspaperB: Yes. Shenzhou VI h

45、as been sent up into space successfully.A, nothing new B, anything new C, new nothing D, new anythingin the orchard can eat asfruit as they want.A, many B, more C, much D, mostof us were verywhen we heard thenewsA, excited, exciting B, excited, excited C, exciting, exciting D, exciting, excited,my b

46、est frindBen.A, is as high asB, works as careful asC, doesn't sing as beaut讦ully asD, writes more better thannever does his homeworkAlice So he makes more mistakes.A, as carefully as Bz so careful as C, less carefully than D, more careful than pollution is one ofin our country.A, serious problem

47、B, the more serious problemsC, most serious problemsD, the most serious problemspizza was too small, so she decided to look forto eat.A, large something B, something else C, something other D, other somethingare too tired and hungry. So our steps are gettingA, slow and slowerB, slower and slowestC,

48、slower and slower D, more and more slowlychildren in our kindergarten like to play with Barbie girls. They look soA, nicely B, happily C, beaut讦ullyD, lovelywinter, Chinese students like to kick the Jianzi (锂了)to keep themselvesA, warm Bz warmly C, cold D, coldlyorder to keep healthy, you should eat

49、fast food,fresh vegetables and take enoughexcises A, fewer; fewer B, fewer, more C, less, more D, less, fewerworry, My sister isto take care of little Betty.A, enough carefully B, enough careful C, carefully enough D, careful enoughall the students in our class, Jack isA, taller B, tallest C, the ta

50、llest D, very tallorder to get full marks, Tim always does his lessons veryA, more carefully B, most carefully C, much carefully D, carefully:Is therein today's newspaperB: Yes It says that President Hu Jintao has reached Washington.A, anything importantB, any important thingC, important anythin

51、gD, any thing important词性变换：don't like him and it would beof me to do the opposite(honest)holidays in Thailand were reallyand unforgettable(enjoy)government is doing everything possible to help those people after theearthquake(home)on the glasses so that you can see the word on the blackboard(cl

52、ear)war made millions of people(home)is the mostanimal in the forest (power)isto travel by train than by air. (cheap)isfor him to finish the job in two hours He is so slow(possible)%,over 28,000 civilians (平民)lost their lives during the three-year war in Iraq. (sad)feel quite comfortable at home whe

53、n it is rainingoutside(heavy)is such afellow, for he always leaves this or that at the office(forget)is notto eat food with Sudan I (苏丹红 1 号).(safely)isenough to get the prize in the 2006 Shanghai Junior High School EnglishContest, (luck)zd better drive our carson rainy days(slow)starry night, when

54、the seven little dwarfs went back home from work, they found something at once, (usual)B卷zm shortsighted and I can't see the words on the notice boardA, clear B, clearly C, carefully D, goodworks hard but she doesn't workMary.A, as harder than B, as hard than C, as harder as D, as hard asisb

55、ook in our libraryA, the most interesting B, most interesting C, the more interesting D, more interesting you think maths isimportant than EnglishA, very B, as C, more D, quitegot a Christmas tree and it wasours.A, so tall as Bz so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller asfailed in the exam He lookedA

56、, happy B, sadly C, upset D, lovelytaxi doesn't run asas an underground train.A, fast B, faster C, fastest Dz more fast8.Yangpu Bridge is one ofin the worldA, bigger bridge B, the biggest bridge C, the biggest bridges D, bigger bridges9le got an A for my history/ Judy saidA, sadly Bz sad C, happil