定语从句视译

1、定语的视译（II）：定语从句英四英四 云蒸霞蔚云蒸霞蔚BREAD PPT DESIGN基本技巧基本技巧断句+将定语从句作为其先行词后面的一个独立部分单独译出。BREAD PPT DESIGN可操作技巧可操作技巧定语从句单独译出，先行词作其主语1 1重复先行词2 23 3译成状语从句，添加连接词4 4使用代词指代先行项BREAD PPT DESIGN一、定语从句单独译出，先行词作其主语那些人曾向我们学习，但却超过了我们，这确实是一个挑战。That those who had learnt from us /now excelled us was a real challenge.将定语从句单独译

2、出，先行词作其主语。这是视译中常用的翻译定语从句的技巧。BREAD PPT DESIGN定语从句单独译出，先行词作其主语 One great benefit of the web is that it allows us move information online that now reside in paper form.网络的重大优势之一是，它允许我们 把信息放在网络上，而这些信息现在是出现在纸上。BREAD PPT DESIGN二、使用代词指代先行项 Corruption acts as a hidden overhead charge that drives up prices a

3、nd erodes quality without any benefit to producers or consumers. Overhead charge: 间接费用BREAD PPT DESIGN使用代词指代先行项 Corruption acts as a hidden overhead charge/ that drives up prices and erodes quality/ without any benefit/ to producers or consumers.腐败是一种隐型间接费用，它导致价格上涨，质量下降，这对生产者或消费者没有任何好处。“that”引导的定语从句

4、视译成汉语时，增译了代词“它”。BREAD PPT DESIGN使用代词指代先行项 The American people have always had a very warm feeling toward China that has been interrupted from time to time when we have had problems. 美国人民对中国一直怀有十分美好的感情，这时不时受到干扰，当双方出现问题时会如此。BREAD PPT DESIGN三、重复先行词 We each do the piece that we do bestas were doing, for

5、 example, in support of Ghanas food security plan, which will help more farmers get more goods to market and earn more money to support their families.BREAD PPT DESIGN重复先行词We each do the piece /that we do bestas were doing, /for example,/ in support of Ghanas food security plan,/ which will help mor

6、e farmers get more goods to market/ and earn more money to support their families.我们各自承担的部分是自己最擅长的部分，例如，我们正在支持加纳的食品安全保障计划，这个计划将帮助更多的农民将更多的产品投入市场，使他们获得更多的收入维持家庭的生计。“that”,”which”引导的两个定语从句所修饰的先行词“piece”,”plan”分别在两个定语从句中做宾语和主语，为了使视译译文更加自然，分别重复了这两个先行词“部分”，“这个计划”BREAD PPT DESIGN重复先行词 For myself I believe

7、 that all we have done upon this continent is but a prelude to a future in which we shall become not only a bigger people, but also a wider people, a better people and even greater people.就我而言，我相信我们在这个大陆上所做的一切只是美好未来的一个前奏，未来，我们不但会成为一个强大的民族，而且会成为一个更有智慧、更好甚至更伟大的民族。这里重复了先行项“未来”。BREAD PPT DESIGN四、译成状语从句，

8、添加连接词 Even with increased aid to fight disease and to reform economies, many nations are held back by another heavy challenge: the burden of debt. So America and many nations have also acted/ to lift the burden, which limits the growth of developing economies and hold millions of people in poverty.B

9、READ PPT DESIGN译成状语从句，添加连接词Even with increased aid /to fight disease and to reform economies,/many nations are held back/ by another heavy challenge: the burden of debt./ So America and many nations have also acted/ to lift the burden, /which limits the growth of developing economies/ and hold milli

10、ons of people in poverty.即使援助有所增加，用于抗击疾病和改革经济，许多国家仍受制于另一个严峻挑战：债务负担。因此美国以及许多其他国家也已采取行动，消除这一负担-因为债务重担使发展中经济体的增长受限，使数百万人民处于贫困状态。“which”引导的定语从句，视译成汉语的原因状语。当先行词处于定语从句主语的位置上，且定语从句与主句能形成因果关系，我们就可以采用这种方法进行视译。定语从句壮语化也可运用到其他句子的视译中，分别译成汉语的原因、目的、结果、条件、让步等状语。BREAD PPT DESIGN译成状语从句，添加连接词 Unlike other economies we

11、 do not have the luxury of opening an exchange （证券所）which will grow and change as the economy grows.和其他经济体不同的是，我们无法开办一家证券所，使之随经济体的发展而发展变化。BREAD PPT DESIGN关系副词when,where,why的常见译法 When:那时 Where：在那里；那里的 Why：原因是，是因为Technology enabled producers to maximize profits, by moving capital, /machinery and manag

12、ement expertise to countries /where raw materials or labor and infrastructure /gave them comparative advantage.科技能让制造商获取最大利润，方法是将资本、设备和管理专业知识转移到一些国家，那里的原料或劳工和基础设施，能够给他们相对优势。BREAD PPT DESIGN小试牛刀 I t is important to remember that it is not officials of government or state-owned corporations but privat

13、e individuals who will spawn（创立） the high-tech start-ups. They need to be facilitated（促进，协助） by regulators who come from the generation that grew up with the new technology, regulators who are knowledgeable about what is happening in Silicon Valley and beyond.BREAD PPT DESIGNI t is important to remember /that it is not officials of government or state-owned corporations /but private individuals /who will spawn the high-tech start-ups. /They need to be facilitated/ by regulators who come from the generati