人教版英语九年级下册《Unit 13 Section A Grammar Focus-4c》教学课件

1、uTo learn about The Present Continuous Tense, passive voice, Present Perfect and Modal Verbs.Have you ever take part in an environment project? What should you do to save the environment? turn off the lights when use the paper bags. walk to school.Were trying to save the earth.Present progressiveThe

2、 river used to be so clean.used toThe air is badly polluted.Passive voiceNo scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.Present perfectWe should help save the sharks.Modal verbsGrammar Focus现在进行时现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。动作。 肯定句肯定句: 主语主语 + am/is/are + -ing 否定句否定句:

3、 主语主语 + am/is/are + not + -ing 疑问句疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语主语 + -ing 现在进行时的用法现在进行时的用法1.1.表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。 常带有表示目前时刻的时间状语如：常带有表示目前时刻的时间状语如：now, at the (very) moment, for the time being, at present, 及及Look! Listen! . Look! The big bird is flying away. 看，那只大鸟正在飞走。看，那只大鸟正在飞走。 He is w

4、atching a movie now. 他现在正在看电影。他现在正在看电影。 2.2.表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但说话时表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但说话时 可能没有进行的动作。可能没有进行的动作。Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning. 我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。 3. 与与always, constantly, forever, all the time等副等副 词连用，表示动作反复或习惯。此时句子常词连用，表示动作反复或习惯。此时句子常 含有说话者的强烈情感在内。表达较强的含有说话者的

5、强烈情感在内。表达较强的 “责备责备”或或“表扬表扬”之意。之意。 You are always changing your mind. 你总是主意不定。你总是主意不定。(太烦人了。太烦人了。) He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。他总是帮助别人。(他真是个好人。他真是个好人。) 4.4.对于对于come, go, leave, arrive, start等表示位置等表示位置移动的动词常可用进行时态表将来。移动的动词常可用进行时态表将来。 He is leaving on Wednesday. 他将于周三离开。他将于周三离开。 Mary isnt here

6、 at the moment. She is coming later. 玛丽现在不在这儿，她一会儿来。玛丽现在不在这儿，她一会儿来。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Listen! The phone _(ring). Please go to answer it.2. Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _ (wait) for her. 3. Whats your father doing now? He _ (write) a letter in the st

7、udy.is ringingam waitingis writingWhat a fine day today! Look! What are they doing?used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，而现在表示过去常常做某事，而现在 往往不做了，后接动词原形往往不做了，后接动词原形be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事表示习惯于做某事I used to get up at six oclock. 我以前六点钟起床。我以前六点钟起床。Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.乔习惯每天早晨喝

8、一杯咖啡。乔习惯每天早晨喝一杯咖啡。used to do & be used to doingTranslation.1.她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends.2.他习惯于每天晚上睡得很晚。他习惯于每天晚上睡得很晚。 He is used to staying up.被动语态：被动语态：Passive voice定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作 的对象的一种语态。的对象的一种语态。结构：结构：be + 过去分词过去分词 A new

9、school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day.一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + V-edThe first section of New College English is designed for speaking practice and is based on pictures and topics. 一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+ V-edThese computers were made in our own country last ye

10、ar.一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall+be+V-edShall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?1.有些动词可以有两个宾语，有些动词可以有两个宾语，直接宾语直接宾语与与间接宾语间接宾语。一些特殊的被动语态一些特殊的被动语态They didnt offer Ann the job. Ann wasnt offered the job. 间接宾语间接宾语直接宾语直接宾语主语主语(2)直接宾语直接宾语做做主语，主语，需在间接宾语前加需在间接宾语前加to或者或者for.在变为被动语态时在变为被动语态时:The jo

11、b wasnt offered to Ann.主语主语She made me a cake.(1)间接宾语间接宾语(通常指人通常指人)做做主语主语，直接宾语依然保留在谓语后边。，直接宾语依然保留在谓语后边。A cake was made for me.主语主语2. 在使役动词在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加但变为被动结构时，要加 to。They make h

12、er clean the floor. She is made to clean the floor by them.3. It + be + V-ed + that从句从句 =主语主语+ be + V-ed + to do sth.表示表示:据说据说/据报道据报道/据悉据悉/据信等据信等It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam.据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测试。据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测试。1. 某些感官动词加形容

13、词及少数其他的动词某些感官动词加形容词及少数其他的动词与一些副词连用表示被动意义。与一些副词连用表示被动意义。smell, taste, prove, sell, etc.1) The dish tastes delicious. 2) The theory proved right at last.3) The book is so interesting that it sells well.4) The pen writes well.不可以变成被动语态的情况不可以变成被动语态的情况2. need做实意动词时，做实意动词时，need + V- ing 主动主动形式表示形式表示被动意义被动

14、意义。我的车需要修理。我的车需要修理。My car needs repairing. (= to be repaired). 3. 通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态，通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态，不及物动词没有。不及物动词没有。战争爆发了。战争爆发了。The war broke out.但不能说：但不能说：The war was broken out.Translate the sentences by using Passive voice.1. 刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。2. 工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。The muse

15、um was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers. 【运用】用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. The Secondary School Entrance Exam _ (hold) in June.2. A strange noise _ (hear) by his mother last night.3. A wide road _ (build) between the two villages b

16、y those people next year. is heldwas heardwill be built定义：表示动作已经完成定义：表示动作已经完成, , 但对现在造成影但对现在造成影响；或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续响；或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。动作。标志词：标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, forI havent finished my homework yet. 现在完成时现在完成时: Present Perfect肯定句：肯定句：主语主语 + have / has + V-

17、ed + 其他其他否定句：否定句：主语主语 + havent / hasnt + V-ed + 其他其他一般疑问句：一般疑问句： Have / Has + 主语主语 + V-ed+ ？肯定答语：肯定答语：Yes, 主格代词主格代词 + have / has.否定答语：否定答语：No, 主格代词主格代词 + havent / hasnt.现在完成时现在完成时 构成构成Complete the following sentences.1. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.2. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before.3. To

18、m _ (work) there since two years ago.have beenhaveheardhas worked4. The twins _ (wash) the clothes for an hour.5. He _ (play) basketball since three years ago.6. How long _ Sally _ (sing) yet?have washedhas playedhassung情态动词本身有一定的词义情态动词本身有一定的词义, 表示说话人的情绪、表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气态度或语气, 但不能单独作谓语但不能单独作谓语, 只能与其他动

19、只能与其他动词构成谓语。常词构成谓语。常见的有见的有: can (could), may(might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。等。情态动词情态动词情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。否定情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去。个别情态动词有过去式形式，可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。式形式，可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。Ken can climb up the trees like a koala.Tracy could ride a bicycle w

20、hen she was five years old.You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous.Translation.1. 我们不能在教室里吃东西。我们不能在教室里吃东西。2. 首先你必须完成作业。首先你必须完成作业。3. 他现在不可能在家。他现在不可能在家。4. 她一定知道这个问题的答案。她一定知道这个问题的答案。We cant eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He cant be at home now. She must know the answer to

21、 this question.Joe: _ you ever _ (take) part in an environmental project?Ken: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _ ever _ (have).Joe: How many people _ (take) part?Havetaken helpconsidered to behadhadhave taken4aFill in t

22、he blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Ken: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (come) to help out.Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment.Ken: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action!thinkhave cometryingwaiting

23、People_think that big things _ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. can would could have to should must may/mig

24、htmaymustcouldcouldFill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.4bI think its a great idea that you now _ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _ ride your bike or walk. If its far, you _ take the bus. All these small things _ add up a

25、nd become big things that _ improve the environment. Lets take actions now!have tocancanwouldshouldcan would could have to should must may/mightMake a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.use public transportation (n.交通运输交通运输);turn off the

26、 lights when you leave a room;use reusable bags instead of plastic bags;ride your bike or walk to school or work;stop using paper napkins(餐巾纸餐巾纸);recycle books and paper.4cuse public transportationtake your own shopping bags when go shoppingreduce the use of air conditioners in summerturn off the li

27、ghts when you leave the roomgrow more plants.A: I think that everyone should take your own shopping bags when go shopping.B: I agree. its good for the environment. A: I think that everyone should reduce the use of air conditioners in summer.B: I disagree.The summer is so hot, especially in sourth Ch

28、ina. Without air- conditioners, people may not have the patience to work. A: I think that everyone should turn off the lights when you leave the room.B: I agree. Its good to save energy resources.A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.B: I disagree. its diffcult for parents with y

29、oung children to use public transportation.A: I think that everyone should grow more plants.B: I agree.Growing more plants will provide us more fresh air and make our planet more beautiful.选择正确的形式填空。1. Nick _ (offer) a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didnt take it. 2. Have you heard of the Ea

30、rth Day? Yes. The first Earth Day _(celebrate) in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet. 3. Excuse me, whose book is this? It _ (must) be Johns. It has his name on it. was offeredwas celebratedmust4. Dont make so much noise. The children _ (have) an English lesson. 5. Why wont you go to the movie

31、 with me, Gina? Because I _ (see) it twice. 6. _ (can) I swim here? No, you _ (must). Look at the sign “No swimming”.are havinghave seenCan mustnt.单项选择。1. Were trying _ the earth. A. to save B. saving C. saved D. be saved 2. My good friend becomes good at _ English every day. A. speak B. speaking C.

32、 speaks D. to speak AB 3. I _ take dance lessons, but I dont do anymore now. A. used to B. used C. using D. to use to 4. It was _ the nicest river in town. A. considering B. considered C. have considered D. to be considered5. When it comes to _ the earth, people may think that big things should be d

33、one. A. save B. be saved C. saved D. savingABD6. In the last ten months, September Miracle _ on CCTV for more than five times and is popular all over the country. A. has played the piano B. has given out their song disks C .has written songs D. has performed7. Not only my friends but also I _ intere

34、sted in football and Messi is our favorite star. A. be B. am C. is D. areDB8. Its getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around9. How does Jack usually go to work? He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight. A. used to, is used to walk B. was used to,

35、is used to walking C. was used to, is used to walk D. used to, is used to walkingAA10. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he _ yet. A. didnt arrive B. doesnt arrive C. isnt arriving D. hasnt arrived11. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _ as “Peoples Writer”. A. is reg

36、arded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regardsDA12. Many young people took part in _ trees on Tree Planting Day. A. planting B. plants C. to plant D. plantA.根据所给汉语完成英语句子。1. 这条河过去很干净。这条河过去很干净。 The river _ _ _ so clean.2. 我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。We should _ _ the sharks. used to behelp save3. 然而，很多人忘记

37、了拯救地球从小事做起。然而，很多人忘记了拯救地球从小事做起。 However, many forget that saving the earth _ small things. 4. 在很多商店，你不得不付塑料袋的费用在很多商店，你不得不付塑料袋的费用 In some stores, you now have to _ plastic bags.5. 我们认为每个人都应该使用公共交通工具。我们认为每个人都应该使用公共交通工具。 We think that everyone should use _ _.begins withpay fortransportationpublic 6. 所有这

38、些小的事情加起来变成能改善环境的大的事情。所有这些小的事情加起来变成能改善环境的大的事情。 All these small things can _ and become big things that would _.7. 我们已经看到环境方面的很多变化。我们已经看到环境方面的很多变化。 We _ in the environment.8. 空气污染变得越来越糟糕了。空气污染变得越来越糟糕了。 The air pollution is _.add upimprove the environment have seen many changesgetting worse and worse9. 这条河被工厂污染了。这条河被工厂污染