数据可视化英文PPT概要介绍

1、visualization is an art !by来兴宇&蔡慧叙trintroductiondiscovery tool has become even more important as we enter the big data area '-scientific computing, entransportation studies, anthe standard curriculum in science and engineering.ence, to social science, commerce. visualization willvisualizatio

2、n, as a discipline in computer science, is a rather young field of study. the field has made many advances over the past 25 years through tremendous basic and application-driven research efforts, and also successfully transferred some of these advances into products and services for data-intensive a

3、pplications. visualization as a problem-solving and knowledge9 jits applications grow from gineering design, biomedicine, cyber security, and intellieence. to social science, be considered a basic skill, and will likely become part ofgoal the goal of visualization is to aid our understanding ofdata

4、by leveragingthe human visual system s jhighly-tuned ability to see patterns, spot trends, and identify outliers. well-designed visual representations can replace cognitive calculations with simple perceptual inferencesr nfons and improve comprehension, memory, and decision making. by making data mo

5、re accessible and appealing, visual representations may also help engage more diverse audiences in exploration and analysis the challenge is to create effective and engaging visualizations that are appropriate to the datait.-now , we provide a brief tourthrough the nvisualization zoo"here we go

6、 !oau< ao momaa to a miuk .ghost troau< ao momaa to a miuk .fl the most famous, early example mapping epidemiologicaldata was dr. john snow'smap of deaths from a cholera 討 outbreak in london, 1854, in relation to the locations of public water pumps.snow observed that cholera occurred almos

7、t entirely among those who lived near and drank from the broac street water pump. he had the handle of the contaminated kontaeminetidl neighborhood epide 500 lives.pump removed, ending the mic which had taken more thanmatliematica graptiic o( minards depiction of the late ot napoleon s army (from sh

8、aw & tigg，993，':勺从、3 the french engineer, charles minard (1781-1870), illustrated the disastrous d i maestros result of napoleon s i no p机ii® failed russian campaign of 1812. the graph shows the size of the army by the width of the band across the map of the campaign on its outward and

9、return legs, with temperature on the retreat shown on the line graph at the bottom. many consider minard s original the best statistical graphic ever drawnf3 gon iti to c-r.ilon cavctm>：.rccd&aciall of inflatioif s little partseach month, the bureau of labor statistics gathers 84,000 prices i

10、n about 200it's among the statistics that the federal reserve considered when it cut interestcategories like gasoline, bananas, dresses and garbage collection to fbrrn therates on wcdxicsday the categories arc weighted according to an estimate ofconsumer price index, one measure of inflation wha

11、t the averase american spends, as shown belowan average consumer spendingcolor shows change in prices from march 2007 to march 2008iiiilii10%-20*24 希*10*20*40%氨 zoom inq zoom outfood and beverages 15%the high price of oil is o factor that has made bod prices rise quickly.miscellaneous 3%recreation 6

12、%education/communication 6% 1cellphones were added to the index in 1997 because the consumer price index can be slow to add new goods, which arc often cheaper, it may overstate parts of infation.housing 42% in the c pi. home ownership costs track ront pricos moro closoly than housing prices. this me

13、ans inflation may have been understated when home prices woro rising faator than ronta.foot foodlortricity0.8%haels. vacation honesfuli-b6cvtca restaurant mealscar liisaanceuc»d cars ond trucks'own«r*g equi«lrnt rent* (v/hnf homcownon; wntiki pay if tho>* woro renting thoir hof

14、ua)cellphone serviceshare of spending 1.0%change, 2007-08transportation 18%gas is 5.2 percenl of spending nationwide. but only 3 8 porcont in the new york aroa.health care 6%as a group, tre elderly spend about twice as much of their budget on modica! caro.apparel 4%the ratio of spendinf) on women

15、9;s clothes to that on men's clothes is about 2 lol.each shape below reptesenl how much the average american spends in aifferenl categories larger chepes make up a larger part of spending.f3 gon iti to c-r.ilon cavctm>：.rccd&acif3 gon iti to c-r.ilon cavctm>：.rccd&aciinteractive ne

16、ws graphics:au of inflations little parts the graphics department of the ny times, including amanda cox, shan carter and many others, has recently created a number of visualizations of complex phenomena that are at once stunningly beautiful and effective in communicating the essential ideas to a mas

17、s audience web-based versions now allow them to use dynamic and interactive graphics to go beyond what can be shown in static print versions. this image, from may 3, 2008, shows the changes in prices from march, 2007 to march, 2007 of various components of an average consumers spending. the circular

18、 diagram is broken up into 8 main sectors, whose area is proportional to the percent ofspending, and each of these is subdivided in proportion to sub-categories. a bipolar color scale is used to shade each region, using shades toward redishbrown for increases and shades toward blue for decreases by

19、michael balzer andthe interactive version of this diagram uses tool-tip boxes to show the details and allows zooming in on components whose labels cannot be shown in a static graph. the basic graphic form is an adaptation of a pie chart to a hierarchical data structure, based on the idea of a others

20、 at the university of konstanz.i chhtmro. bumon 8outahj6tt乐 g»0c2oav3o3v3b3-bpfna1lx>a scacfring jv3wj 1perpdmmix views1iii11ii iiiiiiwbeau gowm banvauboiswuhw wo刚1iii(thcchnoclcr isp o- 一丄 ugo-s les回sb视角方向匚正前方纬度经度5高度层数据控制单层高度喜度区间最小值最犬值取消颜色选择器红蓝颜色类别小数:云可视化斂云文件(f)编辑(e)数据 技制(c)云场 耕勛经纬度：e1地球自转地

21、球視型：丨匕第一个确定3ms经度:125812,纬岌140445,qv8p。数蔚析czdo经度：125. 812,纬度：14. 0445, qvapor49层数据分析x经度:125812,纬岌140445,qv8p。数蔚析czdx经度:125812,纬岌140445,qv8p。数蔚析czd0.0180.0150.0120.0090.0060.003丈1童到的数据匚7回谓二t经度:125812,纬度:140445篦0层00194013 kg kg-1m1b0.01931 kg kg-1第 2 匡00192649 第 3层:0.0192395 第4 层 o0177687篦 5 层00165077芻

22、 6层:0.0150564leg kg-1 kg kg-1 kg kg-1 kg kg-1 kg kg-11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49次的湿空气口）的混台比:xwe have now arrived at the end of our tour, and hope that the reader has found examples both intriguingandpractical. though we have visited a number ofvisual encoding and interaction te