改高中英语动词时态中的特殊用法

1、8高中英语动词时态中的特殊用法 英语有16种动词时态形式，高考英语考试大纲中要求掌握的有10种。它们分别是一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，将来进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时及现在完成进行时。在此我就高考英语时态中的一些特殊用法做一下分析：一、一般现在时       主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always,usually, every day, once a week,sometimes等时间状语。 he usually gets up

2、at 7 oclock every morning. 1： 表示永恒的真理、科学事实、格言、警句等。即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： i learned that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2：在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，代替一般将来时.do you have any problems if you are offered this job? no matter what you say, ill never believe you.3：按照时间表在固定的时间里发生的事情，如生日、课时安排、交通时刻表等，通常用一

3、般现在时表示将来动作。常用动词一般是表示位置移动的动词如 come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等。my train leaves at 11 oclock in the morning, so there is still half an hour to go. 4：在the more the more (越越) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。the more you read, the more you will know.二、现在进行时 表示说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动,常用的时间状

4、语有：now, right now,at present, at this moment等。we are having english class. the house is being built these days. 1：现在进行时与频率副词always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞扬、厌烦、责备、埋怨等），以加强语气。 he is constantly making the same mistake. the students in class one are always working hard. 2：在时间状语或条件和

5、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 dont ring me up when i am working in my lab this time tomorrow.3：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。常用动词有：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等。 ladies and gentlemen, the flight is taking off. please be seated and fasten your safety belt.4：现在进行时可用来表示一个持续变化的状态和过程

6、，体现“变化、趋势、发展和进步。my oral english is improving. it is becoming warmer and warmer.三、现在完成时现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：recently, lately ;just（刚刚）， already, yet(已经) ，up to now; till now; so far, these days, since, for +一段时间， in/during/over/for the past/last few months/years/centuries, twice, many times等。 1.表示动作发生在过去

7、，但其结果或影响仍存在.i have read the book.2.表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。i have lived in tan cheng since i was born.3.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，代替将来完成时。ill go home as soon sa ive finished all my homework.dont get off until the bus has stopped.4.表示“第几次做某事，it/this/ that is the first/second/time (that)”或在 “it is the best (

8、worst, most interesting ) +名词that” 后面跟现在完成时。 this is my second time that i have visited the pyramids of egypt.this is the most interesting book i have ever read.四、现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且还有可能延续下去。常用的时间状语有all the time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently, since等。 i have

9、been fixing the fridge all this morning.1.表示动作在断断续续地重复。 youve been saying you can succeed for five years. 2.表示带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩。 i have been expecting to meet you for a long time.五、一般过去时 表示在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; durin

10、g the war; before; a few days ago; the other day等 1.表示过去发生的事或存在的状态。she looked very well when i last saw her.2.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 he promised to buy me a bike if he got his salary.3.语境中的一般过去时，往往表示“刚才、刚刚，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。 i never thought he could finish the work ahead of tim

11、e. 4.since引导的时间状语用一般过去时。it is/has been a long time since he left.5.追述逝去的人或事。 the book was written by lu xun.六、过去进行时常用的时间状语：at that time, at that moment, at five yesterday, this tme yesterday, the whole morning等。1.表示在过去的某一时间点正在进行的动作。 my sister fell while she was riding her bicycle and hurt himse

12、lf.2.表示过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。we were working from two to four yesterday afternoon.3.表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。when you phoned yesterday, i was playing chess.4.表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要发生的动作。he told me he was leaving for shanghai tomorrow.5.故事发生的背景 it was a dark night and it was snowing heavily. 6.表达现在的客气或礼貌，并不表示过去的时

13、间。i was wondering if you could help me look up the word.七、过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用。 there had been 25 universities in our city up till 2005.by the end of last term we had finished the project.1：用于hardly/scarcely.when; no sooner .than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过

14、去时。 i had hardly finished my washing-up when he came to see me. i had no sooner got into my house than it began to rain.2：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。 that was the first time that he had seen his grandmother.3：表愿望、打算一类的动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。 i

15、had hoped that i could get the job. i had intended to visit you but i was too busy.八、一般将来时 表示在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2018,in the future等表示将来的时间状语连用。  1.will/shall+动词原形he will finish the project next year2.“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”,表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。 “am (is, are) about to

16、 + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。 “am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。 she is to get married next month. 3.某些表示位置移动的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。 i am leaving for london next month. 4：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。 work hard and you will succeed in time. 5.在the more th

17、e more (越越) 句型中, 从句通常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时, the harder you work, the better results you will get.九、将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：at this time tomorrow,at seven tomorrow,at this time next year等 what will you be doing at seven tomorrow evening?十、过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用语宾语从句或间接引语中。 last week he promi

18、sed that he would come, but he hasnt arrived until now.注意：was going to do表原打算做而实际上并未做-tom, you didnt come to the party last night?- i was going to, but i suddenly remembered i had homework to do.十一、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。 by+表示将来的时间，by the end of+表示将来的时间。by the end of this year, we will have

19、 become a college students.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，表示在将来某个时间要做完的动作，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。 容易混淆的时态比较：1.一般过去时与现在完成时的比较：一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态; 现在完成时强调过去动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果。(1)hello, i _ you were in london. how long _ here?a.dont know; were you b.hadnt known; are youc.havent known; are d.didnt know; have you been(2)mr.lee, who

20、 _ as a carpenter for over 10 years, is now a very famous statesman in this country.a.has worked b.had worked c.worked d.works(3)i read the book last month. i have read that book.2.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较：现在完成时着重表示动作的结果; 现在完成进行时着重表示动作发生在过去，延续到现在，并还有可能持续到未来。i have been reading that book all the morning.2. -

21、 i _ so busily recently that i _ no time to help you with your math. - thats ok. i can manage it by myself.a. have been working; have b. have worked; had c. am working; will haved. had been working; had had3. remember to send me a photo of us next time you _ to me. a. are writing b. will writec. has

22、 written d. write4. he _ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. a. will speak b. is going to speak c. had to speak d. was going to speak5. - i beg your pardon, but i didnt quite catch you. - oh, i _ myself. a. am talking to b. talked about c. have talked to d. was talking to6. i _ ping-

23、pong quite well, but i havent had time to play since the new year. a. will play b. have played c. played d .play7. i first met tom 10 years ago. he _ in a radio factory at that time. a. had worked b. has worked c. was working d. has been working8. - what _ when i phoned you? - i _ my work, and i wan

24、ted to go out.a. have you done; finished b. were you doing; have finished c. did you do; had just finished d. were you doing; had just finished9. - have you finished the report? - no. i _ it all this week. a. will do b. had donec. have done d. have been doing10. i can guess you were in a hurry. you

25、_ your sweater inside out. a. had worn b. wore c. were wearing d. are wearing11. - we _ that you would fix the tv set this week. - im sorry. i _ to fix it this week, but ive been too busy.a. had expected; had intended b. are expecting; had intended c. expect; intend d. expected; intend12. - why? tom

26、, your shirt is so dirty! - mum, i _ my storeroom downstairs. a. cleaned b. have cleaned c. was cleaning d. have been cleaning13. they wont buy new clothes because they _ money to buy a new house. a. save b. are saving c. have saved d. were saving14. the traffic in our city is already good and it _

27、even better. a. gets b. got c. has got d. is getting15. - i will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. - im sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and i _ my guests in my office. a. is being met b. will meet c. will be meeting d. will have met16. - alice came back home the day before yes

28、terday. - really? where _? a. has she been b. had she been c. has she gone d. had she gone17. i know mr. brown; we _ to each other at an international conference.a. are introduced b. are been introduced c. were introduced d. had been introduced18. - where do you think _ he _ the computer? - sorry. i

29、 have no idea. a. has; bought b. 不填; bought c. did; buy d. 不填; buys19. dont bother to look for my dictionary - it _ some day. a. turns up b. has turned up c. will turn up d. is going to turn up20. - what do you think of this kind of tv set, which _ in shanghai? - well, i dont care about such things.

30、a. was made b. is made c. has been made d. had been made21. - did he notice you enter the room? - i dont think so. he _ to the radio with his eyes shut.a. listened b. was listening c. has listened d. had listened22. the plane _ at 7:00 pm, so i have to be at the airport by 6:40 at the latest. a. has

31、 left b. would leavec. will have left d. leaves23. the train _ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine oclock tonight. a. went b. is going c. goes d. will be going24. i used to drink a lot of tea but these days i _ coffee. a. prefer b. preferred c. had preferred

32、d. am preferring25. the vegetables didnt taste very good. they _ too long. a. had been cooked b. were cooked c. have cooked d. cooked26. - remember the first time we met, jim?- of course i do. you _ in the library. a. were reading b. had read c. have read d. read27. i want to buy that kind of cloth

33、because i _ the cloth _ well.a. have told; washes b. have been told; washesc. was told; washedd. have been told; is washed28. - is tom still smoking? - no. by next saturday he _ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.a. will be b. will have gonec. will have been d. has been going30. ji

34、m talked for about half an hour yesterday. never _ him talk so much. a. i heard b. did i hear c. i had heard d. had i heard31. - look at the black clouds. it _ soon. - sure. if only we _ out.a. is raining; didnt come b. is to rain; wont start c. will rain; havent started d. is going to rain; hadnt c

35、ome32. he _ articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he _ about forty articles.a. has been writing; has written b. has been writing; wrote c. is writing; has been writing d. has written; has written33. she _ to the office than she got down to writing the report.a. has no sooner got b.

36、had hardly got c. no sooner got d. had no sooner got34. when he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge _ from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.a. was coming b. had come c. comes d. would come35. - dont forget to bring my new books tomorrow after

37、noon. - no, i _. a. dont b. do c. wont d. will36. i decided to go to the library as soon as i _.a. finished what i was doing b. finished what i did c. would finish what i was doing d. finish what i did37. you wont know whether the coat fits you until you _ it on. a. will try b. have tried c. tried d

38、. are trying38. my dictionary _. i have looked for it everywhere but still _it.a. has lost; dont find b. is missing; dont find c. has lost; havent found d. is missing; havent found39. _ it with me and ill see what i can do. a. when left b. leaving c. if you leave d. leave40. - how are you planning t

39、o travel to shanghai? - i _ yet, but i _ taking a train.a. didnt decide; am considering b. havent decided; consider c. havent decided; am considering d. hadnt decided; have considered41. - excuse me, sir. would you do me a favour? - of course. what is it? - i _ if you could take me to the station.a. would wonder b. did wonder c. was wondering d. had wondered42. - got your driving