英语音标发音规则表

1、v1.0可编辑可修改lOPage 15 of 141、 音素：音素是英语中最小的语音单位，英语中有 48个音素，其中兀音20个，辅音28个2、 音标：是记录音素的符号，用于区别字母，因而需加“”或“/”。3、48个音标B；U： U0；10ai ie “ u 司日 u a uf Pl t k f s p Lf订卄【b d0v曰fi S巧辅音4、开音节：以元音字母结尾或以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾的单词，叫开音节单词。在开音节单词中，元音字母发它本身的音5、重音：读单词时总有一个响亮的音节叫重读音节，以来标记。6句子重读：一般原则：有句子重读的是名词、动词、形容词、数词、副词、感叹词等。关键 性原则

2、：在一定场景下传递新信息的关键词要重读。7、连读：同一句群中，前一词以辅音音素结尾，后一词以元音音素开头，在语流中将这两个音素合拼在一起读，这种现象叫“连读”1、字母或字母组合在重读音节或非重读音节中的读音A）元音字母在单词中的读音、_兀音字母、七寺 读曰说明例词a/ei/在重读开音节中name, make, plane, grade, cake, date, page, safe, face, gatelel在ny刖any, many, anyone, anything居丿在重读闭音节中map, fat, sad, back, hand, catch, hat, bad, glad, bla

3、ck, tha nk, act在w或wh后wash, want, watch, what在 s, ss, st 前past, flash, last, glass, pass, class, basket/3：/在w后偶尔发1仪丿waterSeTar分开发音Mary, pare nt阿在非重读音节中ano ther, along, asleep, away, among, around在非重读音节中 :village, comrade, palace-、_K兀音字母、七读曰说明例词e/1/在重读开音节中me, be, we, he, she, these, Chin ese/e/在重读闭音节中

4、get, rest, mend, n ext, left, the n, help,wet, forget, dress, sell, spell询er分开发音zero/a/在非重读音节中ope n, mome nt, Septemberw在非重读音节中ticket, begi n, beh ind, cin ema, betwee ni(y)/ai/在重读开音节中time, drive, ride, knife, wife, smile, why, sky, dry, try, fly, spy, July在重读闭音节中hit, ill, lift, kill, twin, drink, p

5、ick, ship, wind, thi n, ship, physics门“在重读开音节中police, mach ine在非重读音节中1April, holiday, beautiful/'/I在非重读音节中office, in stead, fini sh, city, family, reallyo1相W在重读开音节中go, ago, no se, hope, whole, alone, hole, phone, smoke, joke在重读闭音节中clock, sock, shop, dog, cross, cock, bottle, kno ck, song, strong

6、河1在 m, n, v, th 前love, son, some, mother, otherAJ/woma n在某些重读开音节move, lose, who, whose中pwone, once/a/在非重读音节中today, tomorrow, together, sec ondAJ/在非重读音节中onto, into加F在重读音节中use, stude nt, duty, excuse, music7?71在重读闭音节中but, cut, up, nut, duck, luck, lunch, sunnyuAJ/在重读闭音节中put, pull, push, full在重读开音节中Jun

7、e, ruler/I/在个别单词中busy, bus in ess在非重读音节中AugustB）辅音字母在单词中的读音辅音字母、七读曰例词辅音字母、七读曰例词b/b/busp/p/mapc/s/niceq一般不单独发音/k/cupr/r/redd/d/day/s/yesf/f/fly/z/pleasegatessuregWorangeusuallyh/h/het/t/catj/曲jeepv/v/livek/k/kitew/w/wayl/l/late/ks/n extm/m/myxexamplen/n/niney/j/yearun clezIzlzero重点辅音字母读音讲解:n在单词中的读音 n

8、在一般情况下发/n/。如：kind, need, soon等。n后面为辅音音杲知，电耐劇弘 如think畑1口" liungryhArBFlA询血伽U濤。该规则不 包括加前缀皿檜成的单词。如；undean/Ankliin/ （不清洁的）等。s在单词中的读音 s在单词开头通常读Isl。如：sit, stop 等。 s后面的辅音字母发清辅音时读Isl。如：desk, past, question, mistake 等。 以s结尾的复数名词，s前的辅音字母发清辅音时，词尾s读Isl。如：clocks, shops 等。 ss在单词中读Isl。女口 pass, lesson 等。 s在两个元

9、音音素之间常读Izl。如：music/' mju:zikl, visit/ ' vizitl 等。s 后面是浊稱音时读切o 如：hustftnii/tvband s-ason/iiziVSo加s构成的复数名词及单数第三人称动词形式中，s前面为浊辅音或元音时，s读Izl。如:bags, plays, blows, rulers 等。以切开头的极少歎单询仪m常读川。如百读也/W艮于usually pleasure等槻少数单词皓C）元音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合通常有两个元音字母组成，其中的元音字母组合有的只发一种音，有的发两种 或两种以上的音。兀音字读音 说明例词母组合ea

10、/i:/在重读音节中team, clea n, sea, tea, east, cheap, easy, speak, seas on, read/e/在重读音节中head, bread, ready, weather, health/a/在重读音节中idea, real, really/ei/在重读音节中great, breakai/ei/在个别重读音节词中trai n, rain wait, waiter/e/在重读音节中said, says/i/在非重读音节中mountaux/haunl i rVlLlee/i:/在重读音节中see, bee, free, sheep, feel, me

11、et, n eed, gree n, asleepey/ei/在重读音节中they, hey, obey（遵守）/i:/在个别重读音节词中key/i/在非重读音节中mon key, moneyeo/i:/在重读音节中peopleei/i:/在重读音节中receive/ri ' si: v/ （收至U）/ei/在子母组合eigh中eight, eightee n, weighou/aW在重读音节中groun d, ro und, around, out, mouse, blouse|W|在重读音节中young, coun try, touch, eno ugh, double/u:/在个

12、别重读音节词中groupM在情态动词中could, should, wouldue/u:/e不发音blue/e/u不发音guess兀曰子母 组合、七读曰说明例词oo/u:/词尾或词中zoo, soon, food, cool, tooth, noon, fool在k或d前cook, look, took, good, foot, wood在l和d之间oa在重读音节中coat, goat, boatoyl/oi/l在重读音节中boy, enjo y, joy, toyoi5在重读音节中toilet, oil（油）ie/e/不发音friend/i:/在重读音节中field, piece, thie

13、f（贼）/a is/在个别单词中quiet/ai/在词尾lie, die, tieau在重读音节中autu mn, daughter, August在个别重读音节词中auntay/ei/在重读音节中today, away, stay, may, say, play/i/在非重读音节中Mon day, Sun dayui/u:/在重读音节中fruitoe/u:/位于词尾shoeio/a 10/在重读音节中pion eeruy/ai/重读音节，词尾buyye/ai/重读音节，词尾1byeD）辅音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合通常有两个辅音字母组成，大部分辅音字母组合只有一种读音，有少数辅音字

14、母组合有两种或两种以上读音。辅音字母组合、七读曰说明例词ch大部分单词中which, l un ch, chair, China, teach/k/在少数单词中school, chemistry/ ' kemistri/（化学）在个别单词中mach ineck/k/一般位于词尾Jclock, back, black辅音字母组合、七 读曰说明例词ng在词尾sing, song, bring, see ing8在词中En glish, hun gry, an gry, stron gersh4/在词首、词中或词尾shall, fishing, finish, washPh/f/一般在词首p

15、hone, photo, physics/' fiziks/ （物理）wh/h/后为0时who, whose, whole/w/后为其它元音字母时whe n, which, why, wheregh/f/一般在词尾laugh, eno ugh, coughth/eu在词尾或以th开头的名 词、动词、形容词、数词 中both, tooth, fifth, south, thing, think, thick, third/e /在ther中及代词、冠词、连词或副词中another, feather, them, with, than, thenwr/r/在词首write, wrong,

16、writerkn/n/在词首knife,（知识）tchcatch, match, watchdr/dr/一般位于词首drive, dry, dress, drinktr/tr/一般位于词首tree, truck, train, trousersds/dz/一般在词尾beds, fin ds, handsts/ts/一般在词尾stude nts, lets, boats, cats, wantsE）元、辅音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合有两类：一类是一个或两个元音字母与 r组合，构成-r音节或-re音节。这是 主要一类元辅音字母组合。另一类是一个元音字母与除 r以外的某个辅音字母组合。这类元

17、辅音字母 组合数量很少。兀、辅音字 母组合、七 读曰说明例词ar重读音节中far, park, card, party, hard, start, March, farther, hardly （几乎不）亦1在w后warm, war, warn（ 警告）,quarter|?s/非重读音节中popular, similarer重读音节中her, term, certainly, prefer非重读音节中farmer, worker, writer, letter, waiter兀、辅音子母组合读音说明例词ir?a:/重读音节中girl, shirt, first, third, bird, di

18、rtyor3重读音节中short, sport, horse, born, n orth/B/在w后work, word, world, worse, worst非重读音节q中doctor, visitor（游客）ur?a:/重读音节中turn, hurt（受伤），Thursday, purple, purseareZee/重读音节中care, careful, hareear,7 is；重读音节中n ear, hear, clear, dear, n early?a:/重读音节中early, earth, lear n, heardZee/少数词中tear, pear, bear（熊）个别词

19、中heartere0重读音节中where, there重读音节中hereore重读音节中before, more, scoreire| 拾 ia/重读音节中tired, hire（雇用），fire （火）eerrQj重读音节中deer （鹿），pioneerure重读音节中sure非重读音节中pleasure, picture, treasure（财宝）eir重读音节中theirair/ee/重读音节中chair, hair, pair, fair（金色的）our重读音节中four, fourth, course, pour（倒； 灌注）tueul重读音节中hour非重读音节中Jcolouro

20、or一般读曲door, floorAW个别词中pooral押:/一般读旳:/call, walk, talk, tall, small以al开头的副词also, always, already, almost个别词中half兀、辅音字母组合读音说明例词ow/au/重读或非重读音节中slow, blow, show, snow, throw, window, yellow, borrow,tomorrowZau?1重读音节中now, how, cow, dow n, brow new/JU：?一般读/ju:/few, kn ew, n ews, n ewspaper|/U'/不规则动词过

21、去式中threw, drew, flew, grew/个别词中sew（缝纫）tio n/Jen/一般读恥別stati on, dicti on ary, operati on在s后questi onawa重读音节中:draw, law （法律）dge/如只有g发音bridge, fridge, judge（法官）igh只有i发音light, ni ght, bright, fight, highough只有ou发音bought, brought, thoughtaugh4/只有au发音daughter, taught, caughtindTaincV:三个字母都发音kind, find, mi

22、nd, behi ndold/auld/三个字母都发音sold, told, cold, holdF）不发音的字母和字母组合英语单词的读音和拼写形式虽然联系紧密，但并不是完全对应的，有很多单词中的某一字母 或几个字母不发音。单词不发音的字母中，既有元音字母或字母组合，也有辅音字母或字母组合。不 发音的字母或字母组合给拼写单词带来了一定的困难，但也不是无规律可循的。请看下表：不发音的字母或字母组合说明例词e以e结尾的相对开音节词中rice, noseo构成成音节的-son中less on, seas on, pers onugu在词首时guessea在个别词中beautifuluegue在词尾时

23、dialogue, league不发音的字母或字母组合说明例词b在词尾且其前面为字母m时climb, tomb/tu:m/ 坟墓g词尾为gn时sig n, foreig nkkn在词开头时know, knifenmn在词尾时autu mngh在i, ou, au 后面时light, ni ght, thought, daughterl在ould或个别含al的词中could, would, halfc在含tch的词中catch, watch, matchd在含dge的词中bridge, fridgewwr位于词首时write, wrong其它ss, rr, ff, mm只发一个字母的音less

24、on, worry, bell, office, swim-mi ngan swer,hour,isla nd,Wed nesday含同一种读音的字母和字母组合A）按元音音素归纳-、_K兀音字母及字母 组合例词-、_K兀音字母及字母 组合例词门;#ebeqqitwinetheseiliveeesheepeEn glisheateamowome niepieceubusyipolicema nysydneyeopeopleuibuildeykeyagladleierestahaveeaheadlu:luruleriefriendomoveamanyueblue-、_K兀音字母及字 母组合例词元音字母及字 母组合例 词a