【英语】英语阅读理解(人物故事)专项及解析

1、【英语】英语阅读理解（人物故事）专项及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1 .阅读理解The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year's Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for To

2、kyo's 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, "In my second year there, Engli

3、sh was banned because it was the enemy language."Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. "When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, 'It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' ". Natsuko is Takami

4、zawa's granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother's phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. "Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?" T

5、akamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy."I can clearly see her English is getting better. It's my joy now."The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English sp

6、oken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With aroun

7、d 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.(1) Why couldn't Takamizawa learn English when she was young?A. Because English was useless.B. Because she was too young to learn English.C. Because English was forbidden to learn.D. Becaus

8、e she was unwilling to learn English.(2) What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.B. Takamizawa's grandchildren love her a lot.C. Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and only English teacher.D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by

9、talking with her.(3) What does the underlined phrase "This situation" in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. English is not the first language in Japan.B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.D. Japanese people become open to the rest o

10、f the world.(4) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Where there is a will, there is a way.B. It is never too late to learn.C. The early bird catches the worm.D. Two heads are better than one.【答案】(1) C（ 2） A（ 3） B（ 4） B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，日本91 岁的奶奶Takamizawa 为了做好迎接在东京举行的 2020 奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习

11、英语。（ 1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ ButTakamizawa had not been able to learn thelanguage when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language. 可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语 ”言被禁止了，

12、故选C。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的” Takamizawasaid her grandchildren helped persuadeher that she was not too old to learn. When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, theysaid, It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' 可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习”.英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A。（ 3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“ Japan r

13、anks 49th among countries where English is notthe first language. 在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第 ”49 位。可知“ Thissituation ”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B。（ 4）考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了日本91 岁的奶奶Takamizawa 在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推 理，概括和归纳，从而选出正

14、确答案。2 阅读理解Unbelievable Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans Horses are picky eatersHorses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. When horses raise their noses andopen their nostrils （ 鼻孔 ） , their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can't sense. This might explain why

15、 they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say.Whale says thanksIn 2011, a whale expert spotted a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hourfreeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their bo

16、at and leaped into the air about 40 times.Pandas like to be naughtyIs there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behavi

17、ors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger.A cat honors its ownerPaper towels, and a plastic cup are just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo's grave every day si

18、nce the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Renzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now "stands guard" at the grave for hours at a time.(1) What can horses

19、do to pick delicious grasses?A. Feel them.B. Taste them.C. Smell them.D. Observe them.(2) What do the whale and the cat have in common according to the passage?A. They are clever.B. They have a grateful heart.C. They are active and lovely.D. They have a good sense of smell.(3) Which of the following

20、 acts like a human baby according to the passage?A. The whale.B. The cat.C. The horse.D. The panda.【答案】(1) CB(3) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的 故事。(1)考查细节理解。根据 Horses are picky eaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类 还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选Co(2)考查推理判断。根据

21、 Whale says thanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救 命恩人的感?队 根据 A cat honors its owner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主 人。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选 Bo(3)考查细节理解。根据 Pandas like to be naughty 中的“Inact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies可知：熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推

22、理，从而选出正确答案。3 .阅读理解Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章)and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had t

23、rouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle."The detective has a martial arts background, and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background, too, because he was able to break away so easily," a Plano police spokesperson said.The detective called out for h

24、elp as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harveyand Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these dayshe tookout his phone and hit record. "I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal," Harvey said. "But when he

25、asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time." Harvey jumpewhrite actwns still recording thevideoas did Sample."Harvey caught hold of the suspect's arms, while Kirby seized his legs, and they were able to get the suspect to the ground to he

26、lp Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs ( 手铐)on," said the police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50."I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life," Harvey told

27、WFAA. "It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive."After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak houseHoffman's treat, as a thank-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. "It could have turned real u

28、gly." Sample told the media "He handled himself like a real professional."(1) What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect?A. He was not on duty.B. He needed witnesses to support him.C. He wanted to push the thief into the car. D. He couldn't control the suspect.(2)

29、Why did Harvey and Kirby record the scene at the beginning?A. To follow the fashion.C. To record the detective's violence.(3) What can be inferred about Harvey?A. He was ready to violate the law.C. He was out of work at that time.B. To keep track of the criminal.D. To avoid being involved in the

30、 incident.B. He might have had some illegal behaviour.D. He had a good martial arts background.(4) What is Harvey and Sample's attitude towards Hoffman?A. Appreciative.B. Prejudiced.C. Skeptical.D. Cautious.【答案】(1) DC(3) B(4) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，侦探Jon Hoffman在捉偷善款的小偷时遇到困难寻求帮助，Andre Harvey 和 Kirby

31、Sample 帮助了他。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and theygot into a struggle.可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。故选Do(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"he took out his phone and hit record."I hate to say it,but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal 可知，他们记录场景是

32、想记录警 察做了一些不合法的事。及“Butwhen he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be ashooting if I get over there in time.此句是说 如果我能及时赶到那里，就不会有枪击事件 了”。由这两句可知，即他们记录了警察的暴力。故选Co(3)考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"I've been on the wrong side of the law several times inmy life可知，Harvey曾经违反过法律。故选B。(4)考查推理判断。根据第五段Harve

33、y 所言"I've been on the wrong side of the law severaltimes in my life, Harvey told WFAA. "It feels good to be on the right side and do somethingpositive 最后一段 "But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too,”尤其是最后 Sample told the media “ He handled himself like a real professional知

34、，这两个人认为Hoffman 很专业，很欣赏他。故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4 .阅读理解A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the "Nobel Prize" of conservation after his methods saved nine species f

35、rom extinction.Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize - the highest accolade in the field of animal conservation - for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk.When the 61-year-old first travelled to the east African islan

36、d in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save the Mauritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. However, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding (人工繁殖),which involved snatching eggs from the birds' nests and ha

37、tching( 孵化)them under incubators, prompting the mothers to lay another set of eggs in the wild.A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also been necessary in efforts to bring other rare species back from th

38、e edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet and Rodrigues warbler.Prof Jones was awarded the $250,000 (£ 172,000) prize at a ceremony in London."As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didn't enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received," reflectin

39、g on the start of his career, he said the Maurutius kestrel project had been seen as a "dead loss" at the time. In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.Prof Jon

40、es has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time eight years ago, at 53. He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right.(1) What does the underlined word "accolade" mean in Paragraph

41、 2?A. returnB. levelC. honorD. research(2) According to the passage, Great Auk is.A. an endangered bird B. an extinct birdC. a popular bird D. a fierce bird(3) What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4?A. Taking eggs from the nests has worked well.B. The wild environment for kestrel has chang

42、ed a lot.C. Kestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.D. It's difficult to protect kestrel.(4) Prof Jones' idea of taking eggs from the birds' nests.A. was proved of no useB. was widely acceptedC. was promoted officiallyD. was criticized by some people【答案】(1) CB(3) A(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记

43、叙文，介绍了生物学家Carl Jones通过人工繁殖的方式是濒临灭绝的鸟类的数量逐渐增加，并且因此获得了2016年的印第安的波利斯奖。(1)考查词义猜测。第二段中的"forhis 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved anendangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk.是对前面句子的补充说明，再由"wonthe 2016 Indianapolis Prize可推知，”这里的accolade与获奖有关，故选 C。(2) 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 "whe

44、re he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk”可知，他保护了濒临灭绝的红隼，使他免于遭受Great Auk的情况，因此可知Great Auk是一种已经灭绝的鸟类，选 B。(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 "Adecade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild.”可知红隼的数量已经开始增加了，所以推断出人工繁殖的方法很有效，故

45、选Ao(4) 考查细节理解。根据第段 “A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the "Nobel Prize" of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.;以及倒数第二段中的"Inthe 1970s there wasfierce opposition to the captive bre

46、eding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild. 可知Jones '教授从稀有鸟类的巢穴中取出鸟 蛋的行为被一些人批评，故选 Do【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅 读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选 出正确答案。5.阅读理解On Wednesday, January 13th, I performed on stage for

47、 the first time. As someone who takes part in so many activities, it's extremely difficult to find the time to be a part of any production. For me, it was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to try acting through the Senior Play Project.Auditions (试镜)came first. They weren't particularly diffic

48、ult, more to see who may be a better fit tor certain roles. We were told our roles in the various plays, and started to work immediately.I was unsure of how I was as an actor, and I had to learn a lot fast: actions, my place in the story, my reactions, and countless other small details. As I began t

49、o improve as an actor, I was able to understand my characters better.My first character is a man named Roger who is a senior advisor to a presidential candidate in a play called "The Spot." He's a short-tempered guy who says what he wants and takes what he wants to assist his candidate

50、 in today's tough political races. He's on the set of The Spot, an advertisement for the candidate, to make sure everything runs smoothly and that any problems are dealt with quickly and efficiently.While I had really interesting characters, and the plays were funny and such a great experien

51、ce to act in, I really love the Senior Play Project for the people. I worked with 12 other seniors who not only loved what they were doing, but offered help and advice throughout my entire learning process.Between the lights, sounds, costume and makeup, and plenty more, theatre is a team sport just

52、like basketball or baseball. There are no small parts; there is no one who isn't needed. I've learned to appreciate live theatre, and the effort that every person in the show, both onstage and offstage, puts into it.(1) How did the author feel about being in the project?A. Lucky.B. Tired.C.

53、Nervous.D. Confident.(2) What do we know about the character Roger?A. He means what he says.B. He puts up an advertisement.C. He gives advice to the candidate.D. He is running for president.(3) What does the author like most about the project?A. The people.B. The plays.C. The characters.D. The costu

54、me.(4) What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Senior Play Project.B. Acting for the First Time.C. What Makes a Good Actor.D. A Lesson Learnt through Acting.【答案】(1) AC(3) A(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了第一次登台表演的经历。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Asomeone who takes part in so many activities, it'sext

55、remely difficult to find the time to be a part of any production. For me, it was a once-in-a- lifetime opportunity to try acting through the Senior Play Project.对作者来说， 这是个千载难逢的机会，来尝试表演，从而可以推断出，作者对于参加这个项目感到非常幸运。故选Ao(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Myfirst character is a man named Roger wh o is asenior advisor

56、to a presidential candidate in a play called' ThmSpoed guy He's a shortwho says what he wants and takes what he wants to assist his candidate in today's tough political races.可知，罗杰在剧中是一位总统候选人的高级顾问，从而可以推断出，他给候选人提 供建议。故选Co(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"While I had really interesting characters, an

57、d the playswere funny and such a great experience to act in, I really love the Senior Play Project for the people.可知，作者最喜欢戏剧项目中的是人。故选Ao(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"On Wednesday, January 13th, I perfumed on stage for the first time.及全文内容可知，文章主要叙述作者第一次登台表演的经历。故选 B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅 读，要

58、求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推 理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6.阅读理解Generally speaking, people like those who have a good sense of humor.Sometimes a touch of humor might well enable us to win. Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ult

59、imatum ( 最后通牒 ) about being late on the job. Although there was a good reason for Brian's being late serious illness at home he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn't work any longer. His boss was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech.Yes, the boss was, as Brian entered the office at 9:35. The place was as quiet as a locker room (更衣室)：everyone was hard at work. Brian's boss came up to him. Suddenly, Brian forced a smile and stretched out his hand. "How do you do!" he said. "I'm Brian. I'm applying for a job, whic