eu_in_slides_en

1、The European Union: 500 million people 27 countriesMember states of the European UnionCandidate countries FoundersNew ideas for lasting peace and prosperityKonrad AdenauerRobert SchumanWinston ChurchillAlcide De GasperiJean MonnetThe EU symbolsThe European flagThe European anthemEurope Day, 9 MayThe

2、 motto: United in diversity23 official languagesEnlargement: from six to 27 countries19521973198119861990199520042007The big enlargement: healing the division of Europe Fall of Berlin Wall end of CommunismEU economic help begins: Phare programmeCriteria set for a country to join the EU: democracy an

3、d rule of law functioning market economy ability to implement EU lawsFormal negotiations on enlargement beginCopenhagen summit agrees enlargement10 new EU members: Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia441989441992441998442002 442004442007Bulga

4、ria and Romania join the EUCandidatesCroatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey ReudersThe treaties basis for democratic cooperation built on law1952The European Steel and Coal Community1958The treaties of Rome: The European Economic CommunityThe European Atomic Energy Community(EURATOM)

5、1987The European Single Act: the Single Market1993Treaty of European Union Maastricht1999Treaty of Amsterdam 2003Treaty of Nice2009Treaty of LisbonThe Lisbon treaty - taking Europe into the 21st centuryThe Treaty will make the European Union:More efficient Simpler processes, full-time president for

6、the Council, etc. More democratic Stronger role for the European Parliament and national parliaments, Citizens Initiative, Charter of Fundamental Rights, etc. More transparent Clarifies who does what, greater public access to documents and meetings, etc.More united on High Representative for Foreign

7、 Policy, etc. the world stage More secureNew possibilities to fight climate change and terrorism, secure energy supplies, etc.A transparent Union at your service The website of the European Union europa.euOne and a half million documents available to the publicEurope Direct contact centreAnswers you

8、r questions: 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 Europe Direct relaysOver 400 EU Info Points across the EUEuropean Union DocumentsAccess to internal documentsupon requestThe European OmbudsmanDeals with complaints over EU administrationNikoforos Diamandouros, the EU ombudsmanEU population in the worldPopulation in

9、 millions, 20095001339128142307EUChinaJapanRussiaUnited StatesThe area of the EU compared to the rest of the worldSurface area, 1 000 kmEUChinaJapanRussiaUnited States16 889932791594234365How rich is the EU compared to the rest of the world?EUChinaJapanRussiaUnited StatesEUChinaJapanRussiaUnited Sta

10、tes12 5081 3263 329468 981925 1004 40027 80012 20038 700 Size of economy: 2008 gross domestic product in billion of eurosWealth per person: 2008 gross domestic productper person How big are the EU countries? Surface area in 1 000 kmFranceSpainSwedenGermanyPolandFinlandItalyUnited KingdomRomaniaGreec

11、eBulgariaHungaryPortugalAustriaCzech RepublicIrelandLithuaniaLatviaSlovakiaEstoniaDenmarkNetherlandsBelgiumSloveniaCyprusLuxemburgMalta5445064103573133052952442301311119392837768636249 43 433430 20930.3How many people live in the EU? Population in millions, 2009500 million total82.164.461.660.145.83

12、8.121.516.511.310.610.810.510.09.38.47.65.55.45.34.53.32.32.01.30.80.50.4FranceSpainSwedenPolandFinlandItalyUnited KingdomRomaniaGreeceBulgariaHungaryPortugalAustriaCzech RepublicIrelandLithuaniaLatviaSlovakiaEstoniaDenmarkNetherlandsBelgiumSloveniaCyprusLuxemburgMaltaGermanyGDP per inhabitant: the

13、spread of wealthLithuania2008 GDP per inhabitantIndex where the average of the 27 EU-countries is 1002711371351231181141221171151161071011031009594918076766863726156584640LuxembourgIrelandNetherlandsAustriaDenmarkBelgiumSwedenFinlandGermanyFranceItalySpainEU-27CyprusGreeceSloveniaMaltaPortugalEstoni

14、aHungarySlovakiaLatviaPolandRomaniaBulgariaUnited KingdomCzech Republic2010 EU budget: 141.5 billion = 1.20% of gross national incomeCitizens, freedom,security and justice2%Other, administration6%Sustainable growth:jobs, competitiveness, regional development45%The EU as a global player:including dev

15、elopment aid6%Natural resources:agriculture,environment41%How does the EU spend its money?Climate change a global challengeTo stop global warming, EU leaders decided in 2007 to: 44 reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020 (30% if other developed countries do likewise) 44 improve energy efficie

16、ncy by 20% by 2020 44 raise the share of renewable energy to 20% by 2020 (wind, solar, hydro power, biomass) Energy sources in a changing world Fuel used in EU in 2008, as share of totalOil36%Gas25%Nuclear13%Coal18%Renewables8%45%84%60%100%54%OilCoalGasNuclear(uranium)Renewables All types of fuel0%S

17、hare of fuel imported from outside the EU in 2008Jobs and growth Challenges: 44Demography: Europeans live longer, have fewer children 44Globalisation: European economy faces competition from other parts of the world44Climate change: Emission of greenhouse gases must come down Solutions: European lea

18、ders have therefore agreed on a joint strategy for: 44More research and innovation44A more dynamic business environment44Investing in people44A greener economy Research - investing in the knowledge societySpending on research and development in 2006 (% of GDP)1.8%3.0%1.3%2.6%3.4%EUEU objectiveChinaJ

19、apanUnited StatesSolidarity in practice: the EU cohesion policy 2007-2013: 347 billion invested for infrastructure, business, environment and training of workers for less well-off regions or citizens4 4 Regional fund4 4 Social fund4 4 Cohesion fundConvergence objective: regions with GDP per capita u

20、nder 75% of the EU average. 81.5% of the funds are spent on this objective. Regional competitiveness and employment objective.The euro a single currency for Europeans EU countries using the euroEU countries not using the euroCan be used everywhere in the euro area44Coins: one side with national symb

21、ols, one side common 44Notes: no national side Beating inflationEuropean Economic and Monetary Union: stable prices Average annual inflation in the 15 EU-countries that used the euro in 2008 The single market: freedom of choice Four freedoms of movement:4 4 goods4 4 services4 4 people4 4 capital Get

22、ty ImagesThe single market has led to:significant reductions in the price of many products and services, including internet access and airfares.40% drop in price of phone calls from 2000-2006 2.8 million new jobsFree to move“Schengen”:44 No police or customs checks at borders between most EU countri

23、es 4 4 Controls strengthened at EU external borders4 4 More cooperation between police from different EU countries4 4 You can buy and bring back any goods for personal use when you travel between EU countries CorbisGoing abroad to learnOver 2 million young people have studied or pursued personal dev

24、elopment in other European countries with support from EU programmes: 4 4 Comenius: school education 4 4 Erasmus: higher education 4 4 Leonardo da Vinci: vocational training4 4 Grundtvig: adult education 4 4 Youth in Action: voluntary work and non-formal education Getty ImagesImproving health and th

25、e environmentPollution knows no borders joint action neededEU action has helped bring: 4 4 Cleaner bathing water4 4 Much less acid rain 4 4 Lead-free petrol 4 4 Free and safe disposal of old electronic equipment4 4 Strict rules on food safety from farm to fork 4 4 More organic and quality farming 4

26、4 More effective health warnings on cigarettes4 4 Registration and control of all chemicals (REACH) Van Parys Media An area of freedom, security and justice4 4 Charter of Fundamental Rights4 4 Joint fight against terrorism 4 4 Police and law-enforcers from different countries cooperate4 4 Coordinate

27、d asylum and immigration policies4 4 Civil law cooperation European Union Police Mission The EU: an exporter of peace and prosperity4 4 World trade rules 4 4 Common foreign and security policy4 4 Development assistance and humanitarian aidEU runs the peacekeeping operations and the rebuilding of soc

28、iety in war-torn countries like Bosnia-Herzegovina. The EU a major trading powerShare of world trade in goods (2007)Share of world trade in services (2007)Others53.2%EU17%United States14.5%Japan5.8%China9.5%Others40.6%EU28.5%United States18.2%Japan6.8%China5.9%The EU is the biggest provider of devel

29、opment aid in the worldOfficial development assistance per citizen, 2007934453EUJapanUnited StatesThe EU provides 60% of all development aidThree key playersThe European Parliament- voice of the people Jerzy Buzek, President of of the European Parliament The council of Ministers- voice of the Member

30、 StatesHerman Van Rompuy, President of the European CouncilThe European Commission- promoting the common interestJos Manuel Barroso, Presidentof the European CommissionEuropean ParliamentThe EU institutionsCourt of JusticeCourt of AuditorsEconomic and Social CommitteeCommittee of the RegionsCouncil

31、of Ministers(Council of the EU)European CommissionEuropean Investment BankEuropean Central BankAgenciesEuropean Council (summit)How EU laws are madeCitizens, interest groups, experts: discuss, consultCommission: makes formal proposal Parliament and Council of Ministers: decide jointly Commission and

32、 Court of Justice: monitor implementationNational or local authorities: implementThe European Parliament voice of the people4 4 Decides EU laws and budget together with Council of Ministers4 4 Democratic supervision of all the EUs workNumber of members elected in each country (January 2010) United K

33、ingdom1222727213ItalyIreland22HungaryGreece99GermanyFranceFinland6Estonia13Denmark22Czech Republic6Cyprus17Bulgaria22Belgium17AustriaTotal7367218Sweden50Spain7Slovenia13Slovakia33Romania22Portugal50Poland25Netherlands5Malta6Luxembourg12Lithuania8LatviaThe European political partiesGreens/European Fr

34、ee Alliance55European Conservatives and Reformists 54Alliance of Liberals andDemocrats for Europe84European Peoples Party (Christian Democrats)265Non-attached members 27Total : 736Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats184European UnitedLeft - Nordic Green Left35Europe of Freedom and Democr

35、acy32Number of seats in the European Parliament per political group(January 2010)Council of Ministers voice of the member states44One minister from each EU country44Presidency: rotates every six months44Decides EU laws and budget together with Parliament44Manages the common foreign and security poli

36、cyCouncil of Ministers number of votes per country345Total:3Malta4Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Luxembourg and Slovenia7Denmark, Ireland, Lithuania, Slovakia and Finland10Austria, Bulgaria and Sweden12Belgium, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary and Portugal13Netherlands14Romania27Spain and Poland29Germany,

37、France, Italy and the United Kingdom“Qualified majority” needed for many decisions:255 votes and a majority of member statesFrom 2014: 55% of the Member States with 65% of the populationSummit at the European CouncilSummit of heads of state and government of all EU countries44Held at least 4 times a

38、 year 44Sets the overall guidelines for EU policies44President: Herman Van RompuyA high representative for foreign affairs and security Catherine AshtonDouble hat: chairs the Foreign Affairs Council meetings + Vice-president of the European CommissionManages the common foreign and security policyHead of European External Action ServiceThe European Commission promoting the common interest27 independent members, one from each EU country44Proposes new legislation44Executive organ 44Guardian of the treaties44Represents the EU on the international stageThe Court of Justice up