人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakesgrammar学案2

1、unit 4 earthquakes学案grammar - the attributive clause 定语从句（一）part one: 定语的介绍the kinds of the attribute:（定语的定义及种类）划出下列语句中的定语成分。1.he is an honest boy.2.we love our country.3.whats your telephone number?4the girl in red is my sister.5.the man who lives next to us sells vegetables.定语是对名词或代词进行_的句子成分。可以由形容

2、词、代词、数量词、名词、介词短语以及从句来充当。the positions of the attribute:（定语的位置）1. this is a flower basket.2. this is a basket full of flowers.3. this is a basket that i want to put flowers in.1.单个的词作定语时放于被修饰词的_. 2.短语或从句作定语时常放于被修饰词的_.part two: 定语从句的介绍 （一）the attributive clause（定语从句） 概念: 定语从句: 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句. 作用: 相

3、当于定语,用来修饰某一名词,代词或整个主句.1) the boy who is reading a book over there is my friend. 2) all that glitters is not gold.被修饰词分别为：_; _ ，这样的词被称之为先行词。定语从句分别为：1）_2) _其中请大家分析who 和 that 的功能; 我们称之为关联词或者引导词。_ _ 特点及特殊规则 引导词的分类从 when; which, that; who中选择合适的词完整下列语句：1. well remember those days _ we played by the sea.2.

4、 well remember those days _ we spent together.归纳：根据先行词在定语从句中作的成分，可将引导词分为关系代词和关系副词。若是在从句中作_，用关系副词（when,where,why）若是在从句中作主语，宾语，定语，用关系代词（_, _, _, _, _, _） 关系代词的句法功能及指代功能1) they planted the trees which didnt need much water. 2) the fish which we bought were not fresh. 归纳：关系代词_在从句中作_或_，指_。1) the foreigne

5、r who visited our school yesterday is from canada.2) the boy who broke the window is called michael. 3) the person to whom you just talked is mr. li. 4) mr. read is the professor to whom you should write. 归纳：关系代词_ ;_在从句中分别作_和_,指_1)a plane is a machine that can fly.2)the noodles that i looked were de

6、licious.3)lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.4)the girl that we saw yesterday is jimsister. 归纳 :关系代词_在从句中分别作_和_,指_或_.1) miss flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) this is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of .3) this is the book whose =( _ _ _)cover

7、is blue归纳 ：关系代词_是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中只作_, 指_ 或_. whose经常后接名词，这结构可以用the+名词of+whom/which来替换，意义不变。 使用关系代词引导定语从句时，要注意几点：（1）whom, which作介词宾语时，介词一般可以放在它们的前面，也可以放在从句原来的位置上，但是含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词应该放在原来的位置上。 1. there is a room which you study in.there is a room_ _ you study.2. rose is the student whom you should (照

8、顾)（2）指物时只用that不用which的情况：(口头翻译下列例句).当先行词是不定代词时，如：all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等。 eg: all that can be done has been done.先行词前有the only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时。 eg: australia is the only country that is also a continent.先行词被序数词first, last,

9、 next等或形容词的最高级修饰时。 eg: this is the first letter that ive written in english.当先行词既有人又有物时。 eg: they talked about the teachers and the schools (that) they had visited.当主句是以who, which, 开头的特殊疑问句时。eg: who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop?（3）只用which不用that的情况先行词在非限制性定语从句中充当主语或宾语。his money was stol

10、en by a thief, which made him very sad.当关系代词前有介词。this is the factory in which my mother works. （4）关系代词who,which, that,在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须必须和先行词保持一致。anyone who _ over 20 can join the army.i ,who _ your friend , will help you.part three: 练一练(一) 选择正确答案1. this is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday

11、. a. that b. who c. whom d. this 2.i know the student _you borrowed the pen.a. that b. from whom c. from which d. whom3. is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? a. the one b. which c. who d. whom4. is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? a. the one b. that c. which

12、d. /5. the only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. a. which b. that c. / d. it 6. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. a. that b. who c. the one who d. the students who 7.i know the boy _you gave the book _.a. whom; to b. which; to c. to whom; to d. that; to him8. this is the be

13、st book _ i have been looking for all this year. a. who b. whom c. which d. / （二）找出错误并改正corrections:1. the man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher.2. who is the comrade you just shook hands with him.3. egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.4. this is the best dictionary which

14、 i have ever used.5. the house where we live in is not very large.6. the house that it was built in 1970 stayed up in the earthquake.（三）定语从句的运用our class is a big family ; it consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. most of them are mainly from the countryside. zhao qiang is a kind-hearted boy. he is always ready to help others. he is such a good boy that