(江苏版)2021版高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期五天气与自然灾害类

1、天气与自然灾害类髙考高频单词与短语识记排査单词识记：causedan gerousdeathstormterribleblowclimateterrifyfloodfreezedisasterforecastshakeshelterstrikecloudypan icpourwarmthshower短语扫描be/get caught in陷入；被困住be/get stuck in卡住；陷入burn.to the grou nd全部焚毁；烧为平地clear up天气转晴；清理；解决weather forecast天气预报set.on fire/set fire to使燃烧；放火烧blow dow

2、n 吹倒dry up 河流、湖泊等干涸in ruins成为废墟；严重受损become a victim to 成为的牺牲品跟踪训练I. 语境填词1.1 kept my friend back from the(da nger) ani mal.2. He suffered(terrible) all through his illness.3. The tidal wave formed a(terrify) wall of water.4. Four of them walked under a (cloud)sky and all ended up walking in circles.5

3、. The old lady received him with unu sual (warm)n.单项填空6.1 prefer a table that can be when not used so that it may save a lot ofspace.A. cleared upB.folded upC.fixed upD.take n up7. The sharp fall of the stock market caused aA.pa nicB.surpriseC.delightD.hit8.The failure was a big tohim, but he wasn&#

4、39; t discouraged and soon got asen thusiastic as ever.2021福建，24A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.factor9.She wan ted to ask if he had n ews of Williams,but words in her throat.A.burstB.stuckC.brokeD.settledlO.The pla n was in just because people were un willi ng to cooperate.A.rui nsB.piecesC.da ngerD.trouble

5、阅读能力专练I阅读理解Like many new graduates , I left university full ofhope for the future but withno real idea of what I wan ted to do.My degree, with honours , in En glish literaturehad n ot really prepared mefor anything practical.I knew I wan ted to make a differe nee in the world somehow , but I had no

6、idea how to do that.That' s when I learned aboutthe Lighthouse Project.I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volun teer by readi ng as much asI could about the experiences of previous volunteers.Iknew it would be a lot of hardwork , and that I would be away from my family and friends for

7、a very long time .In short , I did not take mydecision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly.Neither did my family.Even tually , however, I won the support of my family , and I sent in all the paperwork n eeded for the applicatio n. Aftercoun tless in terviews and prese ntati ons , I man agedt

8、o sta nd out among the can didates and survive the test alon e.Several mon ths later,I fin ally received a call ask ing meto report for the dut y.I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria.Where ? What? Nigeria ? I had no idea.But I was about tofind out.After completing my training, I w

9、as sent to the village that was small anddesperately in n eed of proper accommodati on. Though the local villagers were poor,they offered their homes, hearts , and food as if I were their own family.1 was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse.For the next year or s

10、o , I taught in that same schoolhouse.But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me.Sometime during that period , I realized that all those things that had seemed so stra nge or unu sual to me no Ion ger did, though I did not get any where with thelocal language , and I

11、 returned to the United States a different man.The Lighthouse Project had cha nged my life forever.1. According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author .A. discussed his decisi on with his familyB. asked previous volun teers about volun tary workC. atte nded special training to perform dif

12、ficult tasksD. felt sad about havi ng to leave his family and friends2n his applicati on for the volun teer job, the author 丄A. participated in many discussi onsB. we nt through challe nging survival testsC. wrote quite a few papers on volun tary workD. faced strong competiti on from other can didat

13、es3.0 n arrival at the village, the author was A. asked to lead a farming teamB. se nt to teach in a schoolhouseC. received warmly by local villagersD. arra nged to live in a separate housen.任务型阅读Climate change has had a big impact on the timing of river floods across Europeover the past 50 years ,

14、accord ing to a new stud y.ln some regi ons, such as souther nEngland, floods are now occurring 15 days earlier than they did half a century ago.But the changes aren' t uniform , with rivers around the North Sea seeing floods delayed by around eight days.Floods caused by rivers impact people mor

15、e tha n any other n atural disaster,and the estimated global damages run to over 100 billion dollars a year.Researchers have long predicted that a warmi ng world would have direct impacts on these eve nts but un til now the evide nee has bee n hard to establish.Floods are affected by many differe nt

16、 factors in additi on to rain fall, such as the amount of moisture 水分already in the soil and other factors such as cha nges in Ian d-use that can speed up water run-off地表径流 from hillsides.This new study looks at this issue in some depth, by creating a Europe-widedatabase of observations from 4,262 h

17、ydrometric stationsin 38 countries , dating backto 196O.The analysis finds a clear but complex impact of climate change on river floodi ng.The most con siste nt cha nges are in no rtheaster n Europe aroundScandin aviawhere earlier snow melt due to warmer temperatures is leading to earlier spring flo

18、ods.Around 50% of monitoring stations are seeing floods eight days earlier than50 years ago.The biggest changes are seen along the western edge of Europe, from Portugalup to southern England.Half of the stationsrecorded floods at least 15 days earlierthan previously.A quarter of the stationshave see

19、n flooding more than 36 days earlierthan in 1960n these regions , the issue isn ' t snow melt it ' s more about soil of high humidity 湿度.Maximum rai nfall tends to occur in the autu mn and gets stored in the soils.Heavier and earlier rain means that the groun dwater reaches capacity earlier.

20、In souther n En gla nd, it has bee n raining more , Ion ger and more inten sely tha nin the past.This has created a rising groundwater table and higher soil moisture than usual and comb ined with intense rain fall that produces earlier river floods.However , around the North Sea, in the Netherla nds

21、 , Den mark and Scotla nd , the trend is towards later floods.The scientists believe this is due to changes in the North AtlanticOscillationNAO , the weather phenomenon that pushes storms across the ocean into Europe.The NAOis driven by differencesin atmospheric pressure between the Icelandiclow and

22、 the Azores high.Recently, rapid changes in temperatures in the Arctic arein flue ncingthese pressure levels and cha nging the track of the storms aswell.According to this study , the storms are arrivinglater and as a result some riverflooding happens later too.This study shows clear evidenee of the

23、 impactsofhuma n-i nduced climate cha nge in many regi ons but there are still some areas ofuncertainty.The study foresees subtle but significantimpacts that could arise fromthe cha nge in flood tim ing.Climate Change Has 4.the Timing of Europea n FloodsThein troductio nA new study finds that climat

24、e cha nge has had a great in flue neeon thetim ing of Europea n floods over the past 50 years.Thebackgro und of the study Floods which are caused by rivers impact people most compared to othern atural disasters and can lead to a great 5.loss. There is a predict ion by researchers that climate cha ng

25、e would 6.in flue neethe tim ing of Europea n floods ， but there has bee n no evide neeto prove that. Many different factors should 7.for floods， such asrain fall ， soil moisture ，cha nges in Ian d-use and so on.Thein formatio nof the studyThe study looks into a Europe-wide database based on 4,262 h

26、ydrometric stations in 38 countries， dating back to 1960. In n ortheaster n Europe ，gen erally ， spri ng floods tend to occur 8.tha n before due to the snow melt. At the wester n edge of Europe， half of the stati ons also wit nessedfloods earlier tha n before due to 9.soil. In southern England， earl

27、ier floods happen for more 10.hascreated a rising groun dwater table and higher soil moisture. In Netherlands ， Denmark and Scotland ，floods always happen later thanbefore ， for the 11.are arriving later.The study proves that there is a clear 12.betwee nhuma n-i nduced climate cha nge and the tim in

28、g of floods.However，theevide nee isn ' t strong eno ugh to prove the 13.of some otherareas.合案精析高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练I. 1.da ngerous 2.terribly 3.terrifyi ng 4.cloudy 5.warmthn . 6.B 句意为：我更喜欢不用的时候能折叠的桌子，这样能节省很多空间。clear up 整理，天气转晴，治愈；fix up 准备好，修理；take up占据，开始从事。fold up 折叠， 符合题意，应选B项。7. Acause a pan i

29、c引起恐慌，符合句意。8. A考查名词辨析。句意为：这次失败对他来说是一次很大的打击，但他没有泄气，很快就变得和以往一样有热情了。blow打击；issue问题，议题；excuse借口； factor因素。9. B句意为：她想要问他有没有威廉姆斯的消息，但是话在嘴边就是说不出来。根据语境可知，话应该是卡在喉咙口，因此选择B项，stick "卡住，符合题意。burst爆发，突然发出；break打破；settle 解决，定居。10. A 句意为：方案毁掉了，因为人们不愿意合作。in ruins毁掉，荒废，成为废墟，符合句意。in pieces 破碎；in dan ger 在危险中；in t

30、rouble处于困境中，有麻烦。应选 A项。阅读能力专练I.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者经过重重选拔成为灯塔方案的志愿者。这段经历让作者学到了许多东西，从而改变了作者的人生。1. A 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句"In short , I did not take my decision to applyfor the Lighthouse Project lightly.Neither did my family. 可推知，作者与家人讨论了他申请灯塔方案的决定。2. D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"After coun tless in terviewsa

31、nd prese ntatio ns ,I man aged to sta nd out among the can didates and survive the test alone.可知，在经过了数不清的面试之后他才被选中，也就是说，为了这份工作，他面临着非常剧烈的竞争。3. C推理判断题。根据第四段第二句"Though the local villagers were poor ,theyoffered their homes , hearts , and food as if I were their ownfamily. 可知，虽然村民们很穷，但是他们给作者提供了住所、真

32、情和食物。说明作者受到了村民的热烈欢送。n.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项研究。该研究说明欧洲的洪水来临时间和气候变化有明确的联系。4. Changed/Shifted信息概括题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的"Climatechange hashad a big impact on the timing of river floods across Europe over the past 50 years 可知，本文主要讲的是气候变化已改变欧洲的洪水来临时间。故填Changed/Shifted 。5. ec ono mic信息转换题。根据第二段中的" Flo

33、ods caused by rivers.the estimatedglobal damages run to over 100 billio n dollars a year.可知，由河流引起的洪水相对于其他的自然灾害来说对人们的影响最大，每年会造成一千多亿美元的损失，即其造成的 经济损失巨大。故填economic。6. directly信息转换题。根据第二段中的"Researchers have long predicted that awarm ing world would have direct impacts on these events可知，研究者们早就预测气候变暖会直接影响欧洲的洪水来临时间。故填directly 。7. accou nt信息转换题。根据第二段中的"Floods are affected by many differe ntfactors in addition to rainfall， such as.changes in land-use 可知，除降雨量外，洪水还受多种因素的影响。account for “解释，是的原因为固定搭配。