工业生产ppt课件

1、1nPPTA的聚合方法nPPTA的合成有如下几种方法：低温溶液聚合法、界面缩聚法、固相聚合法、气相聚合法、微波辐射聚合法和络合聚合体系。2 1965年美国杜邦公司的S. L. Kwolek博士开发出间位芳纶“HF-1”， 1966年杜邦公司开发出对位聚芳酰胺纤维，即以后众所周知的Kevlar纤维， 1967年杜邦的间位芳纶开始以商品名“Nomex”出售， 1972年日本帝人公司生产出了间位芳纶，商品名为“Conex”， 1975年荷兰阿克苏公司生产出对位芳纶，商品名“ Arenka”， 1986年阿克苏公司将“ Arenka”更名为“Twaron” ， 1987年日本帝人公司的对位芳纶“Tec

2、hnora”实现产业化， 1991年德国Hochest公司建立了芳香族聚酰胺纤维小试厂。3u美国杜邦（美国杜邦（Du Pont） Kevlar u荷兰阿克苏诺贝尔公司（荷兰阿克苏诺贝尔公司（Akzo-Nobel，已与日本帝人公司合并），已与日本帝人公司合并）Twaronu日本帝人公司日本帝人公司Technorau此外，俄罗斯、德国、韩国此外，俄罗斯、德国、韩国 帝人帝人(45%)杜邦杜邦(55%)其他其他5对苯二甲酰氯和对苯二胺在对苯二甲酰氯和对苯二胺在NMP中中低温溶液缩聚法制备树脂，树脂再低温溶液缩聚法制备树脂，树脂再溶于浓硫酸中进行液晶纺丝溶于浓硫酸中进行液晶纺丝456 Teijin A

3、ramid is the leader in the world of aramids. With four different aramids in a variety of formats, we can offer our customers not only the greatest range of product properties, but also an unrivalled level of knowledge and experience when it comes to innovative product development. http:/ is a very s

4、trong, light para-aramid fiber (poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide) developed and produced exclusively by Teijin Aramidn It has a high modulus, and is thermally stable, and highly impact and chemical resistant.8nMain characteristics 1、High tensile strength Strong and light: weight for weight, Twaron

5、 is 5 times stronger than steel.2、Fatigue resistance Little loss of strength during repeated abrasion, flexing and stretching.3、Dimensional stability Stiff and highly oriented molecular structure leads to a high modulus of elasticity, low creep and low stress relaxation. Low thermal shrinkage, i.e.,

6、 excellent dimensional stability.9ProductsTwaron is available as: Filament yarn, Staple fiber, Short fiber, Powder, Pulp, Fabrics and laminatesMain applicationsTwaron is used to reinforce: Ignition cables, Communication cables, Heat-protection products, Cut-protection products, Ballistic-protection

7、products, Tires, Hoses, Transmission belts, Other rubber products, Friction products, Sealing materials, Technical. paper products, Composites Engineering plastics for the electrical, electronic and automotive industries, Civil engineering products, Ropes and cables, Thermoplastic pipes10 Sulfron, a

8、 modified Twaron aramid, improves the properties of sulfur- and peroxide-cured rubber compounds. It reduces hysteresis, heat build-up and ab-rasion, while improving flexibility, tear and fatigue properties. Sulfron modified aramid-based rubber ingredients make tires more durable and long-lasting, lo

9、wering rolling resistance, and reducing fuel consumption without compromising performance. 11 Product Sulfron 3001 must also be mixed with fillers, but because it has no specific mixing temperature, it can be used in NR-based compounds. Among other applications, it is suitable for improving truck/bu

10、s (TB), off-the-road (OTR) and agricultural tires. Main applications Sulfron is used to reinforce: Tires Hoses Transmission belts Other rubber products (e.g., conveyor belts, air springs, anti-vibration products, specialty fabrics and compound reinforcement)12Teijinconex is a meta-linked aromatic po

11、lyamide fiber (poly-(metaphenylene isophthalamide) MPIA), developed and produced exclusively by Teijin Limited. This meta-aramid is ideal for heat-resistant materials, as it does not catch fire or melt and adhere to human skin. Outstanding retention of fiber properties Retention of fiber properties

12、even after long-term exposure.13ProductsTeijinconex is available as:Staple fiber Main applicationsTeijinconex is used to reinforce:1、Heat-protection products 2、Hoses 3、Transmission belts 4、Other rubber products (e.g., conveyor belts, air springs, anti-vibration products, specialty fabrics and compou

13、nd reinforcement) 5、Composites (e.g., for marine, aerospace, and sports and leisure products) Engineering plastics for the electrical, electronic and automotive industries14Available since 1987, Technora is a verystrong para-aramid fiber developed and produced exclusively by Teijin Limited. This aro

14、matic copolyamid (co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) is ideal for dynamic performance applications involving significant motion15Main characteristics 1、High tensile strength Strong and light: weight for weight, Technora is 8 times stronger than steel and 3 times stronger than

15、 fiberglass, polyester or nylon yarns.2、Fatigue resistance Shows little loss of strength even during repeated abrasion, flexing and stretching.3、Dimensional stability Stiff and highly oriented molecular structure leads to a high modulus of elasticity, low creep and low stress relaxation. Low thermal

16、 shrinkage, i.e., excellent dimensional stability.4、Heat resistance Thermal decomposition threshold of 500C, so Technora can be used at 200C for long periods. At 250C, it maintains more than half of its room-temperature tensile strength. 5、Chemical resistance Highly resistant to acids, alkalis and o

17、rganic solvents; not vulnerable to damage caused by steam or sea water.16ProductsTechnora is available as:Filament yarn Staple fiber Short fiber Stretch-broken yarnMain applicationsTechnora is used to reinforce:Ignition cables Communication cablesHoses Transmission belts Other rubber products Compos

18、ites Civil engineering products Ropes and cables17Kevlar brand fiber is an innovative technology from DuPont that combines high strength with light weight to help dramatically improve the performance of a variety of consumer and industrial products. Groundbreaking research by DuPont scientists in th

19、e field of liquid crystalline polymer solutions in 1965 formed the basis for the commercial preparation of the Kevlar aramid fiber. Lightweight and flexible, Kevlar has evolved over four decades of innovation to do everything from helping save thousands of lives around the world to helping make safe

20、r homes and vehicles to helping land spacecraft on Mars. If it needs to be light, strong, or safe, it needs to be Kevlar.18nFibers of Kevlar consist of long molecular chains produced from poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide. The chains are highly oriented with strong interchain bonding, which results

21、 in a unique combination of properties.nGeneral properties of Kevlar:nHigh Modulus nHigh LASE (Load At Specified Elongation) nHigh Tensile Strength at Low Weight nLow Elongation to Break High Modulus (Structural Rigidity) nLow Electrical Conductivity nHigh Chemical Resistance nLow Thermal Shrinkage

22、nHigh Toughness (Work-To-Break) nExcellent Dimensional Stability nHigh Cut Resistance 1.Flame Resistant, Self-Extinguishing v19Kevlar Aramid PulpKevlar fiber and filamentKevlar Thread Kevlar canoe algonquin20New Kevlar APKevlar AP higher performance than current Kevlar K29, giving customers unique d

23、esign flexibilities across a wide range of industrial applicatioKevlar XP fabric technologyThis patented technology provides approximately 15% reduction in backface deformation and superior ballistic performance in a 100% Kevlar solution. Kevlar XP allows more comfortable vest design with at least 1

24、0% reduction in overall weight.Kevlar 29 (K29)The original family of product types of Kevlar having similar tensile properties and with many deniers and finishes, these yarns are used in ballistic applications, ropes and cables, protective apparel such as cut-resistant gloves, in life protection use

25、s such as helmets, vehicular armoring and plates, and as rubber reinforcement in tires and automotive hoses. Kevlar 49 (K49) Kevlar 100 Kevlar 119 Kevlar 12921nKevlar is synthesized in solution from the monomers 1,4-phenylene-diamine (para-phenylenediamine) and terephthaloyl chloride in a condensati

26、on reaction yielding hydrochloric acid as a byproduct.n The result has liquid-crystalline behavior, and mechanical drawing orients the polymer chains in the fibers direction. Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) was the solvent initially used for the polymerization, but for safety reasons, DuPont replaced

27、 it by a solution of N-methyl-pyrrolidone and calcium chloride. As this process was patented by Akzo (see above) in the production of Twaron, a patent war ensued.2223nWhen Kevlar is spun, the resulting fiber has a tensile strength about 3620MPa, and a relative density of 1.44. The polymer owes its h

28、igh strength to the many inter-molecular hydrogen bonds. nAddition strength is derived from aromatic stacking interaction between adjacent strand. These interactions have a greater influence on Kevlar than the Van De Waals interactions and chain length that typically influence the properties of other synthetic polymers and fibers such as Dyneema.n The presence of salts and certain other impurities, e