不定式公开课(金典实用)

1、M5 Unit1 Grammar本节课重点提要本节课重点提要o1. 不定式的基本形式和否定形式不定式的基本形式和否定形式o2. 不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态o3. 不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构o4. 不定式的基本用法不定式的基本用法o5. 不定式中常见的主动表被动不定式中常见的主动表被动o6 不定式的省略，保留符号不定式的省略，保留符号too7. 不带不带to的不定式的不定式oThey advised me to give up smoking. oThey advised me _ _ _ _ smoking.oHe promised to take care of the po

2、or oHe promised _ _ _ _ _ the poorStep 1 基本形式和否定形式基本形式和否定形式肯定式肯定式: to do 否定式否定式: not to donot to give upnot to take care of动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态I opened the door to enter the room. . 一般式一般式( to do /to be done).不定式的一般式所表示的不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发乎同时）发生，或之后发生。生。Step 2.进行式进行式( to b

3、e doing)They seemed to be talking about something secret when I came in.如果谓语表示的动作如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正定式所表示的动作正在进行。在进行。. 完成式（完成式（to have done/to have been done)2. Im pleased to have been given this chance.1. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.如果不定如果不定式的动作式的动作发生在谓发生

4、在谓语之前。语之前。如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动被动形式形式.语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般时一般时 进行时进行时完成时完成时 小小 结结to doto be doneto be doing/to have done to have been done练习练习Hello! Its good _ (see) you again.Bye-bye, Im glad _ (see) you. They pretend _(work) hard when the teacher came

5、 in.The girl students is said _ (send) abroad last week.All the students in our class have entered for the sports-meeting _ (hold) next week.Step 3 不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构 Its important for us to learn English well. Its wise/kind of him to help the poor.To do like that is foolish.I want to see you this eve

6、ning.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语主语 宾语宾语表语表语 定语定语 状语状语 宾补宾补Step 4 Step 4 不定式的用法不定式的用法作主语作主语_is our duty._is right= It is right to give up smoking.1.帮助你是我们的职责。帮

7、助你是我们的职责。2. 放弃吸烟是对的。放弃吸烟是对的。不定式短语作主语时，如果不定式短语作主语时，如果主语如果太长，主语如果太长，常用常用it 作形式主语，真正的不定式主语后置。作形式主语，真正的不定式主语后置。To help you To give up smoking作主语作主语。一般用不定式做主语的句型 It +be +adj./n. + for sb. to do sth/ of sb to do sthIt +take +sb +time + to do sthIt +cost +sb +money + to do sth动词不定式动词不定式作宾语作宾语动词动词 + to do动词

8、动词+疑问词疑问词 + to do 动词（动词（ think, consider, make, believe等) + it+宾补宾补 +to do常见动词有常见动词有 afford, agree, arrange, ask, decide, demand, plan desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, prefer, happen, intend, fail等等I dont know what to do .I find it important to learn Englis

9、h. 只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀： 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事决定做某事 want would like to do sth. 想做某事想做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某计划做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事同意做某事 afford t

10、o do 能做某事能做某事 be used to do 被用来做被用来做 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事 make up ones mind to do 下决心做某事下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事未能做某事动词不定式动词不定式作宾补作宾补动词动词 + 宾语宾语 +to do 动词动词 + 宾语宾语 + do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .注：有以上结构的常

11、用动词有注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want , like, beg, invite,warn, allow,encourage,advise 等。等。(不带不带 to 的不定式的不定式) 注：常用的动词是：感官动词注：常用的动词是：感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice； 使役动词使役动词 have ,make,let.在在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带等词后的补足语中，不定式不

12、带to。但。但 是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。Eg. I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard _the song. 注意 allow, ask, advise, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like, order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish( (构成构成“V.+ Sb.+ to do”“V.+ Sb.+ to do”的形式的形式) )to sing宾补宾

13、补 接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀： 请求与命令请求与命令 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助答应告诫允许提醒和帮助请求与命令请求与命令 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事请求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事期待某人做某

14、事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事建议某人做某事 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助答应告诫允许提醒和帮助 promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事答应某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事作表语作表语My job is_T

15、o see is_.1. 我的工作是教英语。我的工作是教英语。2. 眼见为实。眼见为实。to teach English.to believe作定语作定语（必须后置）（必须后置） 1. Betty was the first/the last to come to school.2. We ll attend the meeting to be held next week.3. I have a child to look after at home. Do you have anything to say. Its a good school to study in.(具有具有逻辑上的主谓

16、动宾关系）逻辑上的主谓动宾关系）o如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词oWe have several model bikes to choose fromoHe is looking for a room to live inoPlease give me a knife to cut withoThere is nothing to worry abouto在time place way后面的不定式常省介词oHe had no place to live注意 作状语作状语He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to

17、 be heard.They jumped with joy to hear the news.Im too tired to walk any further tonight.目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语1 他回家去取钥匙2 我说了什么话使你不高兴?3 赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪He went home _ his keyWhat have I said _you happy?We are proud _the football matchto getto maketo have won目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语Consolidation(

18、p20) 在学习动词不定式的时候还有在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点两点要注意哦！要注意哦！1、在、在感官动词感官动词和和使役动词使役动词后作宾补时，不定式后作宾补时，不定式要要省略省略to,但以上词变为但以上词变为被动语态被动语态时，要时，要加上加上to, 如如I always saw her play violin .He was made to work 12hours a day.Step 5 不定式中常见的主动表被动不定式中常见的主动表被动 The question is hard to answer.=its hard to answer the question.(位置互换） I

19、have some books to read. I have a room to live in. Give me sth to drink.(同时满足主谓上的动宾关系） 3. Nobody was to blame for the accident. 4. The question is what to do next. 5. I cant go out to play with much work to do. 注意：I have some letters to post. （p20) I have some letters to be posted. Step6 不定式的省略，保留标志

20、不定式的省略，保留标志to 保留to到为止 to后有be,have,要保留 1. I havent been to American, and I wish to. 2. -Are you on holiday? - no, but I would like to be. 3.-Has Tom finished his homework? - He seems to have. step7 不带不带to的情况的情况:o使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/ hear, listen to/ let,make, have, / look at, s

21、ee, watch, notice 注意：被动态中不能省注意：被动态中不能省ohad better(not), would rather, would ratherthan, cannot but（不得不（不得不 ，必然，不能不），必然，不能不）, cant help but = cant choose but do等等owhy not /why dont you do sth为什么不做为什么不做?o help sb.（to）do sthwould you please do sth情态动词情态动词+do助动词助动词+do step7 不带不带to的情况的情况:n在介词在介词 but , ex

22、cept 之后，如果其前有实义动词之后，如果其前有实义动词do 的某种形的某种形式，不定式不带式，不定式不带to, 反之须带反之须带to . 。 She could do nothing but cry.o I have no choice but to wait.o We had nothing to do but watch Tv.o All I could do was 不定式and, or, but, rather than 等等表示并列关系的第二个to 省略 ,表示相反关系,对比的不省略第二个to Id like to go and see a film They didnt tell me whether to go on or to stop Do you w