全国医学博士外语统一考试解析

1、20132013年全国医学博士外语统一年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题讲解及考场点睛考试英语试题讲解及考场点睛承雨承雨 jacky2014-1-15听力解题技巧听力解题技巧1.划出关键词并预判划出关键词并预判2.对比分析对比分析3.排除法排除法4.重点听回答句，答案就在回答句里面重点听回答句，答案就在回答句里面5.注意听同义词替换注意听同义词替换 / 同义词转述同义词转述6.带有绝对性词语的选项一定是错的带有绝对性词语的选项一定是错的7.数字题：数字题：thirteen/thirty; eighteen/eighty.2013年真题听力年真题听力conversation 1 m: whats

2、 the matter with this little boy?w: he has a chesty cough all the time. his temperature is high. and he keeps telling me he wants to be sick.m: does he bring anything up?w: no, because he has been off his food for the past two days. he just brings up (呕吐) bile (胆汁). q: which of the following is not

3、the boys symptom?conversation 2w: good afternoon, doctor. i have a terrible headache. yesterday i had a runny nose. now my nose is stuffed up. m: let me give you an examination. first, let me have a look at your throat. ok, now let me examine your chest. do you have a history of tuberculosis? w: no,

4、 i dont think so. m: your throat is inflamed and your tongue is thickly coated. you have all the symptoms of influenza. q: what is the woman suffering from?conversation 3w: what are you looking for?m: my laptop. i cant find it in my bag or anywhere. w: i cant remember you carrying it here. think abo

5、ut it one more time. m: thats right. i left it at home.q: where is the mans laptop?conversation 4m: how is your work going?w: i think i will be finished soon. m: well, i wont be finished for a while.q: what can be inferred about the man?conversation 5w: when are doctor petermans office hours?m: mond

6、ay, wednesday and friday from 10 a.m. to noon. w: thats not very convenient for me. i have pathology class then.q: what is the man?conversation 6w: hello, eric, what can i do for you?m: i was wondering if you had the results.w: oh, yes, the results. weve got them. m: great.w: here we go. urea (尿素) 2

7、.6 , sodium (钠) 136, and potassium (钾) 3.9.m: 3.5.w: no, thats 3.9.q: what is the mans sodium level?conversation 7m: hello, this is don north from pediatrics. id like a word with doctor wilson if its possible.w: im sorry, but he left for michigan to attend a conference this morning. he was in fact l

8、ooking for you just before he left.q: what is true about doctor wilson?conversation 8m: i spent my one-month salary buying a pair of skis.w: are you crazy? youve got a ski fever.q: what can we say about the man?conversation 9w: most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture.m: th

9、ats for sure. but they should do as romans do.q: according to the man, what are people supposed to do when traveling to a foreign culture?conversation 10w: cindy just got divorced. m: so soon! she got married only last summer. w: well, she found out that her husband was not the millionaire she thoug

10、ht he was.q: what does the woman imply about cindy?conversation 11m: kate was the only one brave enough to speak her mind at the meeting today.m: yeah, a lot of people felt the same way, but were too scared to say anything. she just voiced the aspiration of them. q: which of the following words can

11、best describe kate?conversation 12w: why didnt you come to work yesterday?m: i was feeling a little under the weather. w: did you go to see the doc?m: no, nothing serious. q: why didnt the man go to work yesterday?conversation 13 m: have you heard of the magazine the world of english? w: of course.

12、it is one of many english magazines that are now flying off book seller shelves. q: what does the woman imply about the the world of english?conversation 14m: hello doctor marks. its tim tailor from at anne edinburgh central. w: hello.m: ive got a young woman, a 30-year-old woman referred up by her

13、gp with a kind of perineal abscess for about 10-15 days.w: right.m: shes been on antibiotics and basically it needs to be incised. can you take her?w: of course. whats the patients name?q: what is the woman?conversation 15w: what do you know about treatments of cancer? m: chemotherapy. but that make

14、s your hair fall out, doesnt it?w: yes, there are some unpleasant side-effects. im not sure we need to consider that at this stage. we should see whether a series of injection will help. q: what treatment will the man probably receive first?短对话答案汇总短对话答案汇总 b d c b d d d d c c b b c b cdialogue话题：猪流感话

15、题：猪流感 swine flurespiratory ailment 呼吸病susceptible 易受影响的mutate 变异mammal 哺乳动物fatigue 疲乏sore throat 喉咙痛show up 现身antiviral study 抗病毒研究答案：答案：b b b a bpassage 1 话题：噪音引起的失聪话题：噪音引起的失聪 noise-induced hearing loss impairing 引起损伤的 cocktail鸡尾酒，混合 nutrient营养元素 magnesium镁 metabolic activity 代谢活动 trial 试验答案：答案：a b

16、 a c cpassage 2 话题：肥胖孕妇对胎儿的影响话题：肥胖孕妇对胎儿的影响 abnormality异常 obese肥胖的 neural tube神经管 spinal cord脊柱 palate 上颚答案：答案：a d c a b2013年真题年真题vocabulary答案答案 section a d b c a b c a c d a section b c d b c a d a b a c2013年真题年真题cloze答案答案 话题：游戏对视力的促进作用话题：游戏对视力的促进作用 a b b d c d c a d b2013年真题年真题 text 1 主题句 those wit

17、h a biological predisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals. 答案：答案： b c d d b2013年真题年真题 text 2 主题句主题句 three developments featured in this issue collectively give grounds for optimism that would have been scarcely believable a yea

18、r ago in the wake of another failed vaccine and continuing problems supplying drugs to all who need them. 答案：答案： b a b b d2013年真题年真题 text 3 主题句主题句 not so. answering them is the focus of a burgeoning field that brings together archaeology and neuroscience. it aims to chart the development of human co

19、gnitive powers. 答案：答案： b a c c b2013年真题年真题 text 4 主题句主题句 a warmer world wont just be inconvenient. will actually be uninhabitable- too hot, dry or stormy to sustain a human population. it could materialize if the world warms by an average of just 4c, so what are we going to do about it? 答案：答案： a d a

20、 d b2013年真题年真题 text 5 主题主题 有关捐赠精子造成婴儿先天缺陷的案例。有关捐赠精子造成婴儿先天缺陷的案例。讨论受捐母亲是否能够起诉相关部门以获讨论受捐母亲是否能够起诉相关部门以获得补偿。得补偿。 答案：答案： c a b d c2013年真题年真题 text 6 主题：主题： 讨论美国的食品行业（讨论美国的食品行业（ground beef 碎牛肉）碎牛肉）污染问题，揭示该行业的潜规则。污染问题，揭示该行业的潜规则。 答案：答案： c d a c c摘要写作摘要写作 信息的分析、归纳、综合、提炼、概括与信息的分析、归纳、综合、提炼、概括与组织。组织。 英文的书面表达能力。英文

21、的书面表达能力。 避免三种现象：避免三种现象： 摘抄原文摘抄原文 片面的理解片面的理解 重要信息的遗漏重要信息的遗漏考场点睛考场点睛 在开头、结尾段找出中心词，主旨句 各段落里找出分论点 串联后组织整体结构 切忌照抄或逐字翻译 切忌引用过细的例子、人名、数字或原话近几年出题和阅卷规律近几年出题和阅卷规律 段落结构清晰。段落结构清晰。 小标题时有时无。小标题时有时无。 有小标题有小标题 (2008,2012,2013)(2008,2012,2013) 无小标题无小标题 (2009,2010,2011(2009,2010,2011） 无明显的起始段和结论段。无明显的起始段和结论段。 阅卷更重视语言

22、表达（淡化内容）。阅卷更重视语言表达（淡化内容）。近十年医博摘要写作汇总近十年医博摘要写作汇总年份年份中文标题中文标题英文标题英文标题2004 入世后看病如何挑医院入世后看病如何挑医院how to choose a hospital after joining the who?2005 艾滋病是全世界的威胁艾滋病是全世界的威胁aids is the threat to the whole world2006 走路与健康走路与健康walking and health2007 手术与术前恐慌手术与术前恐慌operation and pre-operative fear 2008 珍爱生命从护心开始

23、珍爱生命从护心开始better heart, better life2009 水果是否可吃可不吃水果是否可吃可不吃are fruits indispensable or not?2010 新兴学科：药物心理学新兴学科：药物心理学a new discipline: medicine psychology2011 吃出健康吃出健康better diet, better health2012 电脑、网络与健康电脑、网络与健康computer, internet and health2013健康处方帮你走出健康处方帮你走出“第第三状态三状态”health prescription gets you o

24、ut of the third condition健康处方帮你走出健康处方帮你走出“第三状态第三状态” health prescription gets you out of the third state health tips keep you away from the third state文章要点文章要点第一段：开场白，引出主题第一段：开场白，引出主题 (何为第三何为第三状态？状态？)第二第二/三段：展开讨论，具体的健康处三段：展开讨论，具体的健康处方方 (膳食营养、维他命、心理放松、膳食营养、维他命、心理放松、亲近自然、高质量午睡亲近自然、高质量午睡)第四段：结尾段第四段：结尾段

25、(总结全文总结全文)key words 激烈的竞争激烈的竞争 fierce competition 情绪低落情绪低落 low spirits 灰色状态灰色状态 grey state 均衡营养均衡营养 balanced nutrition 合理膳食合理膳食 reasonable diet 不可或缺的营养物质不可或缺的营养物质 indispensable nutrients 精力充沛精力充沛 plenty of energy 事业有成事业有成 successful career 心理平衡心理平衡 psychological balance 午后打盹午后打盹 (after-lunch) nap第一段

26、第一段 引出主题引出主题 there is no denying that todays fierce competition has made it inevitable for us to confront various challenges. as a result, we can hardly work and live with full energy, and tend to experience constant low spirits, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration. however, hospit

27、als wont admit us as a patients. medical science categorizes/classifies this neither-healthy-nor-ill condition as “grey state” or “third state”. for this common physical problem, medical experts have worked out some simple and useful health prescriptions/tips.第二段第二段 展开论述展开论述 first and foremost, bala

28、nced nutrition and diet is necessary for human body. daily diet is supposed to include nutrients like sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins. eating more or less than normal may also lead to “grey state”. besides, vitamins can work wonder, especially for mental workers and office staff. for example, fish and liver, which are rich in vitamin a, can protect our eyesight. fresh vegetables and fruits, rich in vitamin c, are helpful to people with tremendous pressure. whats more, we need to free our mind. a research by american scientists finds that mental health ca