高一定语从句专项练习题

1、高一定语从句专项练习题高一定语从句 语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念(一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(二) 先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下,定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。(三)关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, who,wih, tat和whose, 另外，a也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有:wn,wher和hy。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一)基本用法根据先行

2、词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同,选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语，宾语do you knw he manwis tkingwith yo other？whm, which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thtwom人宾语m. sith heesn witwhmi wokthe boy（whm）she lov die the war.wos人，物定语i lik the boos whose opic are buthisto.the by hoseterwoksabrods my classat

3、e. that人，物主语，宾语pae i amacnettca fy.se i h pop star (that) iwatto se very mc.whic物主语，宾语th bo（whih) i av you waswh $10.thepicure which asut thecdent was tri.as人，物主语，宾语he issuch a erso as irspcted by a of usthis isae en as i lost trday.做宾语一般不省略例如：(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分) do oknow theprfessr whothat willgiv

4、e u speech nexteek？ （作主语） i read a report about his ew novel that/ which wil so beublised （作主语) thplan a/hichhe ared abou was settledat last. （作宾语) tis i the new cretary （who/hom/th） od letointrodc to you. （作宾语）th sodier whoselgs werebaly wunde s opertedonwthut dlay. （作定语)注意:关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语

5、时则不能。(见上例）（二）关系代词a代替hch的一些情况which，tha 在代替物时,一般可以通用。但在有些情况下,只用 that。1 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如: thisi thbe that as ben sedagainspollution english s the mos difficultsubjct thty l ean di these ya. 先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时。例如: thisis the last pace (hat） i wan o isit. t is e frt mericanmovi f tis kind ha

6、t ive v seen 先行词是 a， muc,tl, sometig, everytng, nything， nthing， none等代词时。例如: yo holdhand n all tht u have.wavetgtuch that wean offe you. 先行词前面有te nly, he vy, any, ew,lile, n, l, muh,ever等修饰时。例如: e onlyhing ht wean d togve yu smemone. he little oey(tha） h hadwas stlen(三）宜用,而不用tat的一些情况 先行词是one, ones,

7、 anone时。例如： on w ha nthng o fa r neseldaes to tl the th. dot tell eabouth neswo oughtt oknow it先行词是thos时。例如： thos ho wrenoft or teir wok coud tseethe beatiful clothes made f the magic coth.（四)其它情况先行词既有人又有物时。例如：do you kow th thing andpersostht they realin ab? he ikeandits rider tathd run oer aoldmanw

8、eetkento the ole statin主句已有疑问词who 或hich时。例如： hich is h bike hat ulos? ho is thewoan htwas praieat e meting？(五)与whose有关的问题whe是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： i saw a woman whoe ag wssolen please show m he bok wo over is red 当wose表示物与物的所有格关系时,亦可用of ich的形式。例如：th buildinwhos of yu an se frm hre i a new retaurant

9、. the budig,te roof f which y nserom er, isa neretaran.或 the buing, of whihth roof ocans rom hereis a ewestarant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时,介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如:ha yo seen te pen (whch) i wote enetju no? （which作介词with的宾语)e yu ethe p with whic i wrot e not u nw？ 但是，要注意的是: 介词前提后,先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用wom和whic,而

10、不再用tha或w。 介词前提后,关系代词不再能省略。 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提,如：look fr, lok ater, tae ca f等。例如： 错误：ho s te old man o thatou were lking to?正确：wh sthe old an owho you we taln ？或ho is the old man(tt/ hom)yo wretlking to? 错误：tese arethe sep of hich he by too care正确：hse are the sheep(which/h) the boytok caef四、关系代词在从句中

11、作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如: ho he guytht is rad ovr thre？ te erofeoetha aregoing tthe exhibin is exected to b oer 25,000 all thaneesto e one hs ee dn he i oe of te tudnts who useompter a lt for stu. timyis t onlyon f the pulhat has faied th am.例中的意为“一切”，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人

12、,因此谓语动词也用单数。ht与which, who, whom的用法区别:情况用法说明例句只用tat的情况1 先行词为all, everyhing， thing，nothing, little, muc，等不定代词时。2 先行词被ll,an， eve, each, mu, ltle, o, om, few等修饰时3 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4 先行词既指人又指物时5 先行词被thoy， te ver修饰时6 句中已经有wo或which时,为了避免重复时.h ol me everyhn tathe knows2. al th s tayouoffere have been gven o

13、ut. thist es f tht i hae everred4e tale boutthe person and thigs tat werememered.5 he sthe oly man tati want to se.6. who is th man ttis mking a sch?只用whch，wo, who的情况1 在非限制性定语从句中,只能用whh指代物,用owhom指人2 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用hch指物,whm指人。3 先行词本身是that时,关系词用ich, 先行词为hoe, ne, e时多用wo。1. he has asn, ho has g

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