直接引语和间接引语课件(详细)1

1、高中必修一高中必修一 Unit1 语法语法 Direct speech & indirect speechThe boy said ,“I can speak English very well.”Mary said that Tom had worked there before.that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.陈述句陈述句Jane said, “Im very fond of traveling.”1.引导词和语序引导词和语序whether/if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句John asked

2、 Mary if that was her umbrella.一般疑问句一般疑问句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John.wh-词（疑问词）引导的宾语从句词（疑问词）引导的宾语从句John asked Mary when she would return him the book.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句John asked Mary“When will you return me the book?”.2.时态的变化时态的变化She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.主句

3、动词为一般现在时时主句动词为一般现在时时从句动词时态从句动词时态不变不变She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.”一般现在时改为一般现在时改为 一般过去时一般过去时He said:“I know it.”.He said that he knew it. 主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化现在进行时改为过去进行时现在进行时改为过去进行时“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.She said she was making coffee f

4、or us all. 主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化现在完成时改为过去完成时现在完成时改为过去完成时He said “I have seen her before.”. He said he had seen her before. 主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化一般过去时改为过去完成时一般过去时改为过去完成时“I saw her yesterday,” he said.He said he had seen her the day before. 主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化主句动词为一般过去时，时态

5、做相应变化过去完成时仍然为过去完成时过去完成时仍然为过去完成时Jack said:“ Rick had been ill in bed for many days .”.Jack said if that Rick had been ill in bed for many days . 主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化一般将来时改为过去将来时一般将来时改为过去将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”He said they would start the next day.主句动词为一般过去时，时态做相应变化主句动词为

6、一般过去时，时态做相应变化如何变时态：如何变时态： 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般一般现在时现在时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时例如：例如：1) She said. “I have lost a pen.” She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. “We hope so.” She said they hoped so.3) She said. “He wi

7、ll go to see his friend.” She said he would go to see his friend.由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下列情况时态不变时态不变:1. 不变的真理不变的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2.直接引语中被引

8、述的部分是反复出现的直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的, ,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的, ,变间接引语时变间接引语时, , 时态保持不变。时态保持不变。 The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. 3.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时某日作状语，变为间接引语时, 时态不时态不变。变。 Xiao Wang said.

9、“I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 21, 1980.4. 若直接引语中含有若直接引语中含有when, since, while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变变间接引语时间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：从句时态不变。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.” She said she had gone there when she was six years old. 5. 若直接引语的谓语中含有若直

10、接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, had better等情态等情态动词时。如：动词时。如： She said, “We should help each other.” She said we should help each other. 一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变He said, “I dont like junk food.”He said he didnt like junk food.She said to Jim: “You will give a speech tomorrow.”She told Jim he would

11、 give a speech the next day.He said to her: “Tom can help you.”He told her Tom could help her.3. 人称变化人称变化 4.状语变化：状语变化：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在在规律规律，时间状语由，时间状语由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”例例: now变为变为then, yesterday变为变为 the day before, today变为变为that day。地点状语地点状语, 尤其表示方向性的尤其表示方向性的, 或用指示或用指示代词修饰的状语代词修饰的状

12、语, 由由“此此”改为改为“彼彼”(例例: this 改为改为that), 如：如：He said, These books are mine. He said those books were his.由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenbeforethat daythe next/following day直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语the day after tomorrowye

13、sterdaylast nightthe day before yesterdaycomeherein two days timethe day beforethe night beforetwo days beforegothere5.特殊句式的直接引语和间接引语特殊句式的直接引语和间接引语祈使句祈使句如果祈使句是表示如果祈使句是表示请求请求，间接引语的，间接引语的动词常用动词常用ask，如果是表示，如果是表示命令命令，间接，间接引语的动词常用引语的动词常用tell, order, command sb. to do sth.等。等。不定式不定式The officer ordered him not to leave his post.祈使句祈使句The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.”that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I suggested him that we (should) start at once.I suggested starting at once.Lets开