名词性从句学案

1、.名词性从句(Noun Clauses)课前热身：判断以下句子中划线部分属于什么句子成分。His job is important.What he does is important. （主语）I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day. （ ）This is his job.This is what he does every day. （ ）I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. （同位语）一、

2、概念：在复合句中起 作用的从句叫做名词性从句。 二、分类：可分为四类：主语从句、 、表语从句和 。三、名词性从句的连接词： 从属连词词形词义在从句中所作的成分连接代词连接副词四、主语从句（the subject clause )（一）结构： That he is ready to help others is well- known . Whether he will attend the meeting is not decided. Who will go is not important.When he will leave for the United States hasnt bee

3、n decided.用正确的连接词填空1. the volleyball match will be put off is certain now.2. Mr. Liu will attend the meeting depends on the weather.3. she said is hard to understand.4. leaves the room last must turn off the lights.5. will won the match is still unknown. 6._ the English party will be held has not ye

4、t been unknown.（二）用it作形式主语的句型有：1) It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is probable that he told her everything.2) Its a pity that we cant go. Its still a problem whether they will go.3) It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made

5、 satellite（人造卫星） into orbit.4) It seems that Alice will not come to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day.It occurred to me that I had forgotten my key in the office.5) It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.（三）主谓一致:1)在含有一个主语从句的主从复合句中，主句的谓语动词一般用 。That we need more cars _ (be)

6、obvious.2）由两个或多个引导词引导一个从句时，谓语动词用 。Where and when the meeting will begin _(have not) been decided yet.（四）主语从句练习 用适当的连接词填空1._ the 2000 Olympics games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.2. we cant get seems better than we have.3. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.4. is a fact that En

7、glish is being accepted as an international language.5._we learn English well is very necessary in modern times.6._we will hold the meeting depends on the weather.7. It surprised us he came to the wedding party.8._he told you was a lie.9. It was he said disappointed me.五、宾语从句（the object clause ): （一

8、）结构： 1. I think (that) watching TV too much is bad for peoples health.2. Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?3. The teacher was pleased with what she has said. 4. Im sure that you will make great progress.（二）注意：1做动词的宾语:1) 大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： He doesnt know where the post office is.2) 有些宾语从句

9、前要有间接宾语： He told me what I should read2做情感或态度形容词的宾语，that 常省略.Im happy (that) you have written me soon. 3做介词的宾语有两个重要词组： in that: 因为，由于，在于； except /but that: 除之外，只是。除此之外，介词后常用what /who/when/where/how .1) Your composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes.2) Theory is valuable i

10、n that it can provide a direction for practice.3) Did she say anything about how we should do the work? These areas are similar_ they have heavy rainfalls during the same season.4. it 作形式宾语，构成句型：1) make/feel/find/believe/consider=think=suppose +it + adj/n.+ that从句：使/觉得/发现/相信/认为We make it clear that

11、anyone who breaks the rule will be punished. He thought it surprising that Jean had failed the exam.2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用：like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy/ prefer + it + if 或when从句I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 3) take i

12、t for granted that:想当然认为.; 认为是理所当然的。I took_ for granted that everyone likes computer games. 5. 关于宾语从句中不省略that的情况:1) 当有两个或者两个宾语从句时,从第2个从句中that不能省略.He said that he didnt accept the condition and that he would do it if I changed it according to his opinion. 2) that引导的宾语从句放在句首时.That he will come here ne

13、xt week I surely know.6.doubt作动词后接宾语从句，肯定句由whether/if引导，否定句由that引导.I doubt _he will attend the meeting.I dont doubt _he will attend the meeting.（三）宾语从句练习 单句改错（每句中有一处错误。）1. Could you show me what I can get to the nearest hospital?2. I dont know whom has taken my pen.3. He thought it he was the best s

14、tudent.4. You must make it a rule what you put away your things whenever you use them.5. It makes her worried she is putting on weight. 6. I remember where we had our lessons in a shed(棚子).7. After when seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.8. Shanghai has taken on a new

15、look. It isnt like how it used to be.六. 表语从句(the predicative clause)（一）结构： 1. That is why I didnt attend the meeting.2. The problem is whether we can work out a good plan soon.3. His suggestion is that we should get down to work at once.4. The fact remains that we are far behind them.5. It looks as

16、if /though the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel.（二）注意：1. look, remain等系动词后均可跟表语从句.2. as if /though也可引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain. 3. The reason why is that 的原因是 That is because ：那是因为 （表原因） That is why ：那就是为什么 （表结果）1) The reason why he was late was _ he missed the train by one min

17、ute this morning .2) He was ill . That was _ he was late for school.3) He was late for school. That was _he was ill.4) The fact is she doesnt like pop music. 5) My trouble is I dont have enough experience.6) The question is _ he will be present or not.7) What troubled him was he could get the money.

18、 （三）表语从句练习 用适当的连接词填空1. This was _we get there. First, we took a bus .Then we walk and at last we had to take a taxi. 2. _puzzled us was we couldnt find an effective way to improve the machine.3. Time is very valuable. The problem is we make good use of our time.4. Energy is _ makes things work .七、同位

19、语从句(the appositive clause)（一）结构： I heard the news that our team had won. I had no idea that you were here.(二) 可以跟同位语从句的名词: news, hope/wish , promise, word（消息), idea, fact, question, problem, suggestion /advice, opinion ，possibility ,message, order, truth, chance, doubt， requirement, thought, belief,

20、 feeling等。 （三）同位语从句有时可被别的词把它和它所说明的名词隔开，常构成一些句型。1. There is possibility / a chance that it will rain next week. 2. There is no doubt that English is difficult to learn.3. I have no idea that she is famous pop star.(六) 同位语从句练习 用适当的连接词填空1. We are quite pleased with the result Chinas team has won 150 go

21、ld medals.2. They agreed with your idea you would go to Shanghai.3. He has made a promise he will come to meet me here.4. The fact she works hard is well known to us all.八、名词性从句考点归纳:考点一: 区别that 与what.考点二：区别whether 与if.考点三：it 作形式主语或形式宾语. 考点四：虚拟语气问题. 考点一：that 与 what 的区别; that和 whether的区别使用:(一) that vs

22、. whatWhat he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true .总结：that：无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可被省略。 what：有意义，理解为“什么；所的东西/事情/话”。 在从句中作主语、 、表语、 。小练兵：用that 或what 填空1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3. The result is _ we won the game.4. This is _ we want to know.5.

23、Is _ he told us true ?6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.9. _ matters is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.10. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _ worries th

24、e public.11. You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.12. _surprised us was _the little boy can speak very fluent English. (二) that vs. whether小练兵：用that或whether填空1. _she will come is certain.2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.3. - What about seeing a film ? - The question is _

25、well have enough time.4. I often wonder _ animals have the same sense as humans.总结：that: 无疑问之意，很确定。 whether: 有疑问之意，不确定，没把握。考点二：If 与whether的区别1.引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether.2.介词后的宾语从句只用whether.3.to do 前用 whether 4.whether or not 连在一起时不用if，分开时可用whether或if.小练兵：用if或whether填空1. I asked her _ she had a bike

26、.2. we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont

27、 know _ to go.9._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.考点三：it 作形式主语或形式宾语用it或that填空： 1. Many people consider _ necessary that we should protect our environment as much as possible.2. I would appreciate _ if you can write to me as soon as possible.3. _ is likely that he has left .考点四：虚拟语气问题虚

28、拟语气可以用在：1.主语从句 2.宾语从句 3.表语从句 4.同位语从句虚拟语气一般和表坚持，命令，建议，要求的词有关联.注意：表坚持，命令，建议，要求的词（一）个坚持 ：insist （二）个命令 ：order , command （三）个建议 ：suggest( suggestion ), advise( advice ), recommend( recommendation ) （四）个要求：require(requirement ), request, demand, desire1. 在主语从句中: 1）It is +形容词(strange/ surprising ，natural/

29、important/ necessary/)+ that从句( should do) It is strange /surprising that he_( leave) without saying goodbye.It is necessary/important that we _( master ) a foreign language. 2）It is+过去分词(insisted /ordered/suggested, advised, recommended / required, requested, demanded, desired )+that从句( should do)e

30、.g. Its suggested that the family plan _(carry out)firmly. 2. 在宾语从句中insist /order / suggest, advise, recommend /require, request, demand, desire+that从句(should do)e.g. Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention _(discuss) at the meeting. 3. 在表语从句和同位语从句: order, advice, suggestion, recommenda

31、tion, demand, request, requirement, desire+ that从句 should do1) It is necessary that a college student _(master)at least a foreign language. 2) The teacher demanded that the work _ (finish)before 4 oclock. (二) 特殊句型: A is to B what C is to D.：A 对于B来说正如C对于D 一样。E.g. Eye is to the people what sun is to the world. 眼睛对于人类来说就像太阳对于世界一样。九、达标检测（一）用适当的连接词填空1. I wonder she will come to the party or not.2. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.3. This is _ she was born. 4. The question is _ we cant go there today.5. The question is _ it is worth doing.6. The reason he has ma